Sex differences in perceived risk and testing experience of HIV in an urban fishing setting in Ghana
Identifieur interne : 000228 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000227; suivant : 000229Sex differences in perceived risk and testing experience of HIV in an urban fishing setting in Ghana
Auteurs : Alfred E. Yawson [Ghana] ; Labi K. Appiah [Ghana] ; Anita O. Yawson [Ghana] ; George Bonsu [Ghana] ; Simon Aluze-Ele [Ghana] ; Nana Ak Owusu Amanhyia [Ghana] ; Margaret Lartey [Ghana] ; Andrew A. Adjei [Ghana] ; Aaron L. Lawson [Ghana] ; Curt Beckwith [États-Unis] ; Awewura Kwara [États-Unis] ; Timothy Flanigan [États-Unis]Source :
- International Journal for Equity in Health [ 1475-9276 ] ; 2014.
Abstract
Understanding sex differences in willingness to test and testing experience could aid the design of focus interventions to enhance uptake and engagement with care, treatment and support services. This study determined differences in perceived risk of acquiring HIV, willingness to test and HIV testing experience in an urban fishing community.
A cross-sectional community survey was conducted in 2013 among men and women in two fishing communities (Chorkor and James Town) in Accra. In all, 554 subjects (≥18 years) were involved, 264 in Chorkor and 290 in James Town. Data on
Of 554 subjects, 329 (59.4%) were females, and median age was 32 years. Overall, only 91(40.4%) men and 118(35.9%) women perceived themselves to be at risk of acquiring HIV. A significant proportion of women were willing to test for HIV compared to men (86.3% vs. 80.0%,
Sex differences in risk perception and willingness to test need more focused public education and behaviour change communication strategies to achieve high coverage. Community-based strategies could improve HIV testing among men whilst more access to testing in health settings should be available to women in these communities.
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DOI: 10.1186/s12939-014-0109-z
PubMed: 25398271
PubMed Central: 4234896
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Yawson</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Department of Community Health, University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, P. O. Box 4236, Korle-Bu, Accra, Ghana</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ghana</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Community Health, University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, P. O. Box 4236, Korle-Bu, Accra</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Accra</settlement><region nuts="2">Région du Grand Accra</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Appiah, Labi K" sort="Appiah, Labi K" uniqKey="Appiah L" first="Labi K" last="Appiah">Labi K. Appiah</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="Aff2">Department of Microbiology, Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Korle-Bu, Accra, Ghana</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ghana</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Korle-Bu, Accra</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Accra</settlement><region nuts="2">Région du Grand Accra</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yawson, Anita O" sort="Yawson, Anita O" uniqKey="Yawson A" first="Anita O" last="Yawson">Anita O. Yawson</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="Aff3">Department of Anaesthesia Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Korle-Bu, Accra, Ghana</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ghana</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Anaesthesia Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Korle-Bu, Accra</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Accra</settlement><region nuts="2">Région du Grand Accra</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bonsu, George" sort="Bonsu, George" uniqKey="Bonsu G" first="George" last="Bonsu">George Bonsu</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="Aff4">Expanded Programme on Immunization, Public Health Division, Ghana Health Service, Accra, Ghana</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ghana</country><wicri:regionArea>Expanded Programme on Immunization, Public Health Division, Ghana Health Service, Accra</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Accra</settlement><region nuts="2">Région du Grand Accra</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Aluze Ele, Simon" sort="Aluze Ele, Simon" uniqKey="Aluze Ele S" first="Simon" last="Aluze-Ele">Simon Aluze-Ele</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Department of Community Health, University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, P. O. Box 4236, Korle-Bu, Accra, Ghana</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ghana</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Community Health, University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, P. O. Box 4236, Korle-Bu, Accra</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Accra</settlement><region nuts="2">Région du Grand Accra</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Owusu Amanhyia, Nana Ak" sort="Owusu Amanhyia, Nana Ak" uniqKey="Owusu Amanhyia N" first="Nana Ak" last="Owusu Amanhyia">Nana Ak Owusu Amanhyia</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Department of Community Health, University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, P. O. Box 4236, Korle-Bu, Accra, Ghana</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ghana</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Community Health, University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, P. O. Box 4236, Korle-Bu, Accra</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Accra</settlement><region nuts="2">Région du Grand Accra</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lartey, Margaret" sort="Lartey, Margaret" uniqKey="Lartey M" first="Margaret" last="Lartey">Margaret Lartey</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="Aff5">Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, Korle-Bu, Accra, Ghana</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ghana</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, Korle-Bu, Accra</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Accra</settlement><region nuts="2">Région du Grand Accra</region></placeName><placeName><settlement type="city">Accra</settlement><settlement type="town">Legon (Ghana)</settlement><region type="region">Région du Grand Accra</region></placeName><orgName type="university" n="3">Université du Ghana</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Adjei, Andrew A" sort="Adjei, Andrew A" uniqKey="Adjei A" first="Andrew A" last="Adjei">Andrew A. Adjei</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="Aff6">Office of Director of Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ghana</country><wicri:regionArea>Office of Director of Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Accra</settlement><region nuts="2">Région du Grand Accra</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université du Ghana</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lawson, Aaron L" sort="Lawson, Aaron L" uniqKey="Lawson A" first="Aaron L" last="Lawson">Aaron L. Lawson</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="Aff7">Department of Anatomy, University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, Korle-Bu, Accra, Ghana</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ghana</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Anatomy, University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, Korle-Bu, Accra</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Accra</settlement><region nuts="2">Région du Grand Accra</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Beckwith, Curt" sort="Beckwith, Curt" uniqKey="Beckwith C" first="Curt" last="Beckwith">Curt Beckwith</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="Aff8">Alpert Medical School of Brown University, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI USA</nlm:aff><country>États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Rhode Island</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Alpert Medical School of Brown University, The Miriam Hospital, Providence</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kwara, Awewura" sort="Kwara, Awewura" uniqKey="Kwara A" first="Awewura" last="Kwara">Awewura Kwara</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="Aff8">Alpert Medical School of Brown University, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI USA</nlm:aff><country>États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Rhode Island</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Alpert Medical School of Brown University, The Miriam Hospital, Providence</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Flanigan, Timothy" sort="Flanigan, Timothy" uniqKey="Flanigan T" first="Timothy" last="Flanigan">Timothy Flanigan</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="Aff8">Alpert Medical School of Brown University, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI USA</nlm:aff><country>États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Rhode Island</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Alpert Medical School of Brown University, The Miriam Hospital, Providence</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">International Journal for Equity in Health</title><idno type="eISSN">1475-9276</idno><imprint><date when="2014">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Understanding sex differences in willingness to test and testing experience could aid the design of focus interventions to enhance uptake and engagement with care, treatment and support services. This study determined differences in perceived risk of acquiring HIV, willingness to test and HIV testing experience in an urban fishing community.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>A cross-sectional community survey was conducted in 2013 among men and women in two fishing communities (Chorkor and James Town) in Accra. In all, 554 subjects (≥18 years) were involved, 264 in Chorkor and 290 in James Town. Data on <italic>demographic characteristics</italic>, <italic>perceived risk for HIV and willingness to test for HIV</italic> and <italic>testing experience</italic> were collected with a structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and Chi square test were used for the analysis at 95% significant level, using SPSS version 21.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Of 554 subjects, 329 (59.4%) were females, and median age was 32 years. Overall, only 91(40.4%) men and 118(35.9%) women perceived themselves to be at risk of acquiring HIV. A significant proportion of women were willing to test for HIV compared to men (86.3% vs. 80.0%, <italic>P</italic> = 0.048). Women were more likely to have ever tested for HIV compared to men (42.2% vs. 28.6%, <italic>P</italic> = 0.001) and more women had tested within 12 months prior to survey than men (49.6% vs. 40.6%, <italic>P</italic> = 0.230). Of the number who had tested for HIV infection, a higher proportion of men tested voluntarily 42(65.6%), while a higher proportion of women tested as part of healthcare service received 96(69.1%); (<italic>P</italic> = 0.001; indicating women vs. men).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Sex differences in risk perception and willingness to test need more focused public education and behaviour change communication strategies to achieve high coverage. Community-based strategies could improve HIV testing among men whilst more access to testing in health settings should be available to women in these communities.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Koku, Ef" uniqKey="Koku E">EF Koku</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bwambale, Fm" uniqKey="Bwambale F">FM Bwambale</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ssali, Sn" uniqKey="Ssali S">SN Ssali</name></author><author><name sortKey="Byaruhanga, S" uniqKey="Byaruhanga S">S Byaruhanga</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kalyango, Jn" uniqKey="Kalyango J">JN Kalyango</name></author><author><name sortKey="Karamagi, C" uniqKey="Karamagi C">C Karamagi</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Levi, J" uniqKey="Levi J">J 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Int J Equity Health</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Int J Equity Health</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>International Journal for Equity in Health</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">1475-9276</issn><publisher><publisher-name>BioMed Central</publisher-name><publisher-loc>London</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">25398271</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4234896</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">109</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1186/s12939-014-0109-z</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Sex differences in perceived risk and testing experience of HIV in an urban fishing setting in Ghana</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Yawson</surname><given-names>Alfred E</given-names></name><address><email>aeyawson@yahoo.com</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Appiah</surname><given-names>Labi K</given-names></name><address><email>appiahl@yahoo.com</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff2"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Yawson</surname><given-names>Anita O</given-names></name><address><email>anitaromeo1977@yahoo.com</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff3"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Bonsu</surname><given-names>George</given-names></name><address><email>gybonsu@yahoo.com</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff4"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Aluze-Ele</surname><given-names>Simon</given-names></name><address><email>aluzeesh@hotmail.com</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Owusu Amanhyia</surname><given-names>Nana AK</given-names></name><address><email>nana.owusuamanhyia@gmail.com</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lartey</surname><given-names>Margaret</given-names></name><address><email>malart38@yahoo.com</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff5"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Adjei</surname><given-names>Andrew A</given-names></name><address><email>andrewanthonyadjei@yahoo.com</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff6"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lawson</surname><given-names>Aaron L</given-names></name><address><email>lantelawson@yahoo.com</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff7"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Beckwith</surname><given-names>Curt</given-names></name><address><email>CBeckwith@Lifespan.org</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff8"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kwara</surname><given-names>Awewura</given-names></name><address><email>Awewura_Kwara@brown.edu</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff8"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Flanigan</surname><given-names>Timothy</given-names></name><address><email>TFlanigan@lifespan.org</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff8"></xref></contrib><aff id="Aff1"><label></label>Department of Community Health, University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, P. O. Box 4236, Korle-Bu, Accra, Ghana</aff><aff id="Aff2"><label></label>Department of Microbiology, Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Korle-Bu, Accra, Ghana</aff><aff id="Aff3"><label></label>Department of Anaesthesia Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Korle-Bu, Accra, Ghana</aff><aff id="Aff4"><label></label>Expanded Programme on Immunization, Public Health Division, Ghana Health Service, Accra, Ghana</aff><aff id="Aff5"><label></label>Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, Korle-Bu, Accra, Ghana</aff><aff id="Aff6"><label></label>Office of Director of Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana</aff><aff id="Aff7"><label></label>Department of Anatomy, University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, Korle-Bu, Accra, Ghana</aff><aff id="Aff8"><label></label>Alpert Medical School of Brown University, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI USA</aff></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>11</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>15</day><month>11</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><elocation-id>109</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><day>31</day><month>8</month><year>2014</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>28</day><month>10</month><year>2014</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>© Yawson et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2014</copyright-statement><license license-type="open-access"><license-p>This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ext-link>), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/</ext-link>) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract id="Abs1"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Understanding sex differences in willingness to test and testing experience could aid the design of focus interventions to enhance uptake and engagement with care, treatment and support services. This study determined differences in perceived risk of acquiring HIV, willingness to test and HIV testing experience in an urban fishing community.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>A cross-sectional community survey was conducted in 2013 among men and women in two fishing communities (Chorkor and James Town) in Accra. In all, 554 subjects (≥18 years) were involved, 264 in Chorkor and 290 in James Town. Data on <italic>demographic characteristics</italic>, <italic>perceived risk for HIV and willingness to test for HIV</italic> and <italic>testing experience</italic> were collected with a structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and Chi square test were used for the analysis at 95% significant level, using SPSS version 21.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Of 554 subjects, 329 (59.4%) were females, and median age was 32 years. Overall, only 91(40.4%) men and 118(35.9%) women perceived themselves to be at risk of acquiring HIV. A significant proportion of women were willing to test for HIV compared to men (86.3% vs. 80.0%, <italic>P</italic> = 0.048). Women were more likely to have ever tested for HIV compared to men (42.2% vs. 28.6%, <italic>P</italic> = 0.001) and more women had tested within 12 months prior to survey than men (49.6% vs. 40.6%, <italic>P</italic> = 0.230). Of the number who had tested for HIV infection, a higher proportion of men tested voluntarily 42(65.6%), while a higher proportion of women tested as part of healthcare service received 96(69.1%); (<italic>P</italic> = 0.001; indicating women vs. men).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Sex differences in risk perception and willingness to test need more focused public education and behaviour change communication strategies to achieve high coverage. Community-based strategies could improve HIV testing among men whilst more access to testing in health settings should be available to women in these communities.</p></sec></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><title>Keywords</title><kwd>HIV testing</kwd><kwd>Sex differences</kwd><kwd>Perceived risks</kwd><kwd>Urban community</kwd><kwd>Ghana</kwd></kwd-group><custom-meta-group><custom-meta><meta-name>issue-copyright-statement</meta-name><meta-value>© The Author(s) 2014</meta-value></custom-meta></custom-meta-group></article-meta></front></pmc><affiliations><list><country><li>Ghana</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Rhode Island</li><li>Région du Grand Accra</li></region><settlement><li>Accra</li><li>Legon (Ghana)</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université du Ghana</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="Ghana"><region name="Région du Grand Accra"><name sortKey="Yawson, Alfred E" sort="Yawson, Alfred E" uniqKey="Yawson A" first="Alfred E" last="Yawson">Alfred E. Yawson</name></region><name sortKey="Adjei, Andrew A" sort="Adjei, Andrew A" uniqKey="Adjei A" first="Andrew A" last="Adjei">Andrew A. Adjei</name><name sortKey="Aluze Ele, Simon" sort="Aluze Ele, Simon" uniqKey="Aluze Ele S" first="Simon" last="Aluze-Ele">Simon Aluze-Ele</name><name sortKey="Appiah, Labi K" sort="Appiah, Labi K" uniqKey="Appiah L" first="Labi K" last="Appiah">Labi K. Appiah</name><name sortKey="Bonsu, George" sort="Bonsu, George" uniqKey="Bonsu G" first="George" last="Bonsu">George Bonsu</name><name sortKey="Lartey, Margaret" sort="Lartey, Margaret" uniqKey="Lartey M" first="Margaret" last="Lartey">Margaret Lartey</name><name sortKey="Lawson, Aaron L" sort="Lawson, Aaron L" uniqKey="Lawson A" first="Aaron L" last="Lawson">Aaron L. Lawson</name><name sortKey="Owusu Amanhyia, Nana Ak" sort="Owusu Amanhyia, Nana Ak" uniqKey="Owusu Amanhyia N" first="Nana Ak" last="Owusu Amanhyia">Nana Ak Owusu Amanhyia</name><name sortKey="Yawson, Anita O" sort="Yawson, Anita O" uniqKey="Yawson A" first="Anita O" last="Yawson">Anita O. Yawson</name></country><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Rhode Island"><name sortKey="Beckwith, Curt" sort="Beckwith, Curt" uniqKey="Beckwith C" first="Curt" last="Beckwith">Curt Beckwith</name></region><name sortKey="Flanigan, Timothy" sort="Flanigan, Timothy" uniqKey="Flanigan T" first="Timothy" last="Flanigan">Timothy Flanigan</name><name sortKey="Kwara, Awewura" sort="Kwara, Awewura" uniqKey="Kwara A" first="Awewura" last="Kwara">Awewura Kwara</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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