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Minimal Coital Dilution in Accra, Ghana

Identifieur interne : 000159 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000158; suivant : 000160

Minimal Coital Dilution in Accra, Ghana

Auteurs : Samuel M. Jenness [États-Unis] ; Adriana A. E. Biney [Ghana] ; William Kwabena Ampofo [Ghana] ; F. Nii-Amoo Dodoo [Ghana, États-Unis] ; Susan Cassels [États-Unis]

Source :

Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) [ 1525-4135 ] ; 2015.

RBID : PMC:4424052

Abstract

Background

Coital dilution, the reduction in the coital frequency per partner when an additional ongoing partner is added, may reduce the transmission potential of partnership concurrency for HIV and other sexually transmitted infections. Empirical estimates of dilution, especially dilution of sexual acts unprotected by condoms, are needed to inform prevention research.

Methods

Sexually active adults in Accra, Ghana were recruited in a multi-stage household probability sample. Degree (number of ongoing partners), total acts, and unprotected acts were measured retrospectively for each month in the past year through an event-history calendar. Random effects negative binomial models estimated the association between degree and coital frequency.

Results

Compared to person-months with a single partner (monogamy), 2.06 times as many total acts and 1.94 times as many unprotected acts occurred in months with 2 partners. In months with 3 partners, 2.90 times as many total acts and 2.39 times as many unprotected acts occurred compared to monogamous months. Total acts but not unprotected acts also declined with partnership duration.

Conclusions

No dilution was observed for total acts with up to three concurrent partners, but a small amount of dilution was observed for unprotected acts for months with multiple concurrencies. This suggests moderate selective condom use in months with multiple concurrencies. The implications of the observed dilution for future HIV transmission must be investigated with mathematical models.

Url:

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4424052

DOI: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000000543
PubMed: 25622062
PubMed Central: 4424052

Affiliations:

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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec id="S1"><title>Background</title>
<p id="P1">Coital dilution, the reduction in the coital frequency per partner when an additional ongoing partner is added, may reduce the transmission potential of partnership concurrency for HIV and other sexually transmitted infections. Empirical estimates of dilution, especially dilution of sexual acts unprotected by condoms, are needed to inform prevention research.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S2"><title>Methods</title>
<p id="P2">Sexually active adults in Accra, Ghana were recruited in a multi-stage household probability sample. Degree (number of ongoing partners), total acts, and unprotected acts were measured retrospectively for each month in the past year through an event-history calendar. Random effects negative binomial models estimated the association between degree and coital frequency.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S3"><title>Results</title>
<p id="P3">Compared to person-months with a single partner (monogamy), 2.06 times as many total acts and 1.94 times as many unprotected acts occurred in months with 2 partners. In months with 3 partners, 2.90 times as many total acts and 2.39 times as many unprotected acts occurred compared to monogamous months. Total acts but not unprotected acts also declined with partnership duration.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S4"><title>Conclusions</title>
<p id="P4">No dilution was observed for total acts with up to three concurrent partners, but a small amount of dilution was observed for unprotected acts for months with multiple concurrencies. This suggests moderate selective condom use in months with multiple concurrencies. The implications of the observed dilution for future HIV transmission must be investigated with mathematical models.</p>
</sec>
</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
  <pmc-dir>properties manuscript</pmc-dir>
  <front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-journal-id">100892005</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="pubmed-jr-id">21821</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr.</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)</journal-title>
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<issn pub-type="epub">1944-7884</issn>
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<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">25622062</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4424052</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1097/QAI.0000000000000543</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="manuscript">NIHMS656591</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>Minimal Coital Dilution in Accra, Ghana</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Jenness</surname>
<given-names>Samuel M.</given-names>
</name>
<degrees>MPH</degrees>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Biney</surname>
<given-names>Adriana A. E.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ampofo</surname>
<given-names>William Kwabena</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3">3</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Dodoo</surname>
<given-names>F. Nii-Amoo</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A4">4</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Cassels</surname>
<given-names>Susan</given-names>
</name>
<degrees>PhD</degrees>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A5">5</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A1"><label>1</label>
Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA</aff>
<aff id="A2"><label>2</label>
Regional Institute for Population Studies, University of Ghana, Legon</aff>
<aff id="A3"><label>3</label>
Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon</aff>
<aff id="A4"><label>4</label>
Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA</aff>
<aff id="A5"><label>5</label>
Department of Geography, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA</aff>
<author-notes><corresp id="FN1">Correspondence: Samuel M. Jenness, Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington. 1959 Pacific Street NE, Box 357236, Seattle, WA 98195. <email>sjenness@uw.edu</email>
</corresp>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="nihms-submitted"><day>21</day>
<month>1</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><day>1</day>
<month>5</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>01</day>
<month>5</month>
<year>2016</year>
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<volume>69</volume>
<issue>1</issue>
<fpage>85</fpage>
<lpage>91</lpage>
<pmc-comment>elocation-id from pubmed: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000000543</pmc-comment>
      <abstract><sec id="S1"><title>Background</title>
<p id="P1">Coital dilution, the reduction in the coital frequency per partner when an additional ongoing partner is added, may reduce the transmission potential of partnership concurrency for HIV and other sexually transmitted infections. Empirical estimates of dilution, especially dilution of sexual acts unprotected by condoms, are needed to inform prevention research.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S2"><title>Methods</title>
<p id="P2">Sexually active adults in Accra, Ghana were recruited in a multi-stage household probability sample. Degree (number of ongoing partners), total acts, and unprotected acts were measured retrospectively for each month in the past year through an event-history calendar. Random effects negative binomial models estimated the association between degree and coital frequency.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S3"><title>Results</title>
<p id="P3">Compared to person-months with a single partner (monogamy), 2.06 times as many total acts and 1.94 times as many unprotected acts occurred in months with 2 partners. In months with 3 partners, 2.90 times as many total acts and 2.39 times as many unprotected acts occurred compared to monogamous months. Total acts but not unprotected acts also declined with partnership duration.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S4"><title>Conclusions</title>
<p id="P4">No dilution was observed for total acts with up to three concurrent partners, but a small amount of dilution was observed for unprotected acts for months with multiple concurrencies. This suggests moderate selective condom use in months with multiple concurrencies. The implications of the observed dilution for future HIV transmission must be investigated with mathematical models.</p>
</sec>
</abstract>
<kwd-group><kwd>Coital dilution</kwd>
<kwd>coital frequency</kwd>
<kwd>concurrency</kwd>
<kwd>HIV/AIDS</kwd>
<kwd>Ghana</kwd>
<kwd>West Africa</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
<affiliations><list><country><li>Ghana</li>
<li>États-Unis</li>
</country>
<region><li>Californie</li>
<li>Pennsylvanie</li>
<li>Région du Grand Accra</li>
<li>Washington (État)</li>
</region>
<settlement><li>Accra</li>
<li>Legon (Ghana)</li>
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<orgName><li>Université du Ghana</li>
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<tree><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Washington (État)"><name sortKey="Jenness, Samuel M" sort="Jenness, Samuel M" uniqKey="Jenness S" first="Samuel M." last="Jenness">Samuel M. Jenness</name>
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<name sortKey="Cassels, Susan" sort="Cassels, Susan" uniqKey="Cassels S" first="Susan" last="Cassels">Susan Cassels</name>
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<name sortKey="Dodoo, F Nii Amoo" sort="Dodoo, F Nii Amoo" uniqKey="Dodoo F" first="F. Nii-Amoo" last="Dodoo">F. Nii-Amoo Dodoo</name>
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<country name="Ghana"><region name="Région du Grand Accra"><name sortKey="Biney, Adriana A E" sort="Biney, Adriana A E" uniqKey="Biney A" first="Adriana A. E." last="Biney">Adriana A. E. Biney</name>
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<name sortKey="Ampofo, William Kwabena" sort="Ampofo, William Kwabena" uniqKey="Ampofo W" first="William Kwabena" last="Ampofo">William Kwabena Ampofo</name>
<name sortKey="Dodoo, F Nii Amoo" sort="Dodoo, F Nii Amoo" uniqKey="Dodoo F" first="F. Nii-Amoo" last="Dodoo">F. Nii-Amoo Dodoo</name>
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	Le SIDA au Ghana (serveur d'exploration)
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Le SIDA au Ghana (serveur d'exploration)

Minimal Coital Dilution in Accra, Ghana

Minimal Coital Dilution in Accra, Ghana

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Abstract

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