Knowledge and Use of Measures to Reduce Health Risks by Corporate Expatriate Employees in Western Ghana
Identifieur interne : 000059 ( PascalFrancis/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000058; suivant : 000060Knowledge and Use of Measures to Reduce Health Risks by Corporate Expatriate Employees in Western Ghana
Auteurs : Davidson H. Hamer [États-Unis] ; Ronald Ruffing [États-Unis] ; Michael V. Callahan [États-Unis] ; Stephen H. Lyons [États-Unis] ; Abu Saleh M. Abdullah [États-Unis]Source :
- Journal of travel medicine [ 1195-1982 ] ; 2008.
Descripteurs français
- Pascal (Inist)
- Wicri :
- geographic : Ghana.
- topic : Santé publique, Employé.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
Abstract
Background. Expatriate corporate workers stationed in remote regions of developing countries with limited health care resources are at substantial risk for a variety of infectious diseases. Methods. A survey was carried out among expatriates working at a large power plant construction site in western Ghana in 1998 to evaluate their use of pretravel medical services, current knowledge, and behavioral practices in relation to food- and waterborne disease prevention, diarrhea, malaria, respiratory infections, alcohol use, and high-risk sexual activity. An anonymous, structured, and pretested questionnaire was used. Results. The response rate was 42 of 60 (70%). Most respondents were men (39 of 42,93 %) with previous international construction experience. Adherence to food and water safety recommendations decreased with time. Expatriates (15 of 23, 65%) from developed countries reported at least one episode of diarrhea, whereas no expatriates (0 of 9) from resource-poor countries reported diarrhea (p < 0.001). Use of malaria chemoprophylaxis deteriorated with increasing duration of time on the job site. None of the expatriates (0 of 9) who had been on the site for more than a year was still taking an antimalarial compared to those who had been there for 3 months or less (13 of 16) (p < 0.01). Forty-three percent (18 of 42) of the respondents reported having had a respiratory infection in the past 3 months. Only 3 8 % (1 5 of 3 9) received preplacement education on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk. A higher proportion of those who received pre-travel HIV education used condoms always (4 of 5) than those who did not receive HIV education (1 of 5). Discussion. The use of health advice and preventive measures was generally low among the expatriate corporate survey respondents. Adherence to preventive measures declined with the increase in length of stay. Corporations need to develop appropriate health promotion strategies targeting their expatriates in developing countries.
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Hamer</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Center for International Health and Development and Department of International Health, Boston University School of Public Health</s1><s2>Boston, MA</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine</s1><s2>Boston, MA</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ruffing, Ronald" sort="Ruffing, Ronald" uniqKey="Ruffing R" first="Ronald" last="Ruffing">Ronald Ruffing</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>Department ofEmergency Medicine, Tufts-New England Medical Center</s1><s2>Boston, MA</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Callahan, Michael V" sort="Callahan, Michael V" uniqKey="Callahan M" first="Michael V." last="Callahan">Michael V. Callahan</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital</s1><s2>Boston, MA</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>Rescue Medicine, Inc., Airlift One</s1><s2>Washington, DC</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">District de Columbia</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lyons, Stephen H" sort="Lyons, Stephen H" uniqKey="Lyons S" first="Stephen H." last="Lyons">Stephen H. Lyons</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>Rescue Medicine, Inc., Airlift One</s1><s2>Washington, DC</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">District de Columbia</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><inist:fA14 i1="06"><s1>Santa Fe Community College</s1><s2>Gainesville, FL</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>4 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Floride</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Abdullah, Abu Saleh M" sort="Abdullah, Abu Saleh M" uniqKey="Abdullah A" first="Abu Saleh M." last="Abdullah">Abu Saleh M. Abdullah</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Center for International Health and Development and Department of International Health, Boston University School of Public Health</s1><s2>Boston, MA</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j" type="main">Journal of travel medicine</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">J. travel med.</title><idno type="ISSN">1195-1982</idno><imprint><date when="2008">2008</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><title level="j" type="main">Journal of travel medicine</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">J. travel med.</title><idno type="ISSN">1195-1982</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Employee</term><term>Ghana</term><term>Health hazards</term><term>Knowledge</term><term>Public health</term><term>Tropical medicine</term><term>Use</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr"><term>Connaissance</term><term>Utilisation</term><term>Risque santé</term><term>Santé publique</term><term>Employé</term><term>Ghana</term><term>Médecine tropicale</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="geographic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Ghana</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="topic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Santé publique</term><term>Employé</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Background. Expatriate corporate workers stationed in remote regions of developing countries with limited health care resources are at substantial risk for a variety of infectious diseases. Methods. A survey was carried out among expatriates working at a large power plant construction site in western Ghana in 1998 to evaluate their use of pretravel medical services, current knowledge, and behavioral practices in relation to food- and waterborne disease prevention, diarrhea, malaria, respiratory infections, alcohol use, and high-risk sexual activity. An anonymous, structured, and pretested questionnaire was used. Results. The response rate was 42 of 60 (70%). Most respondents were men (39 of 42,93 %) with previous international construction experience. Adherence to food and water safety recommendations decreased with time. Expatriates (15 of 23, 65%) from developed countries reported at least one episode of diarrhea, whereas no expatriates (0 of 9) from resource-poor countries reported diarrhea (p < 0.001). Use of malaria chemoprophylaxis deteriorated with increasing duration of time on the job site. None of the expatriates (0 of 9) who had been on the site for more than a year was still taking an antimalarial compared to those who had been there for 3 months or less (13 of 16) (p < 0.01). Forty-three percent (18 of 42) of the respondents reported having had a respiratory infection in the past 3 months. Only 3 8 % (1 5 of 3 9) received preplacement education on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk. A higher proportion of those who received pre-travel HIV education used condoms always (4 of 5) than those who did not receive HIV education (1 of 5). Discussion. The use of health advice and preventive measures was generally low among the expatriate corporate survey respondents. Adherence to preventive measures declined with the increase in length of stay. Corporations need to develop appropriate health promotion strategies targeting their expatriates in developing countries.</div></front></TEI><inist><standard h6="B"><pA><fA01 i1="01" i2="1"><s0>1195-1982</s0></fA01><fA03 i2="1"><s0>J. travel med.</s0></fA03><fA05><s2>15</s2></fA05><fA06><s2>4</s2></fA06><fA08 i1="01" i2="1" l="ENG"><s1>Knowledge and Use of Measures to Reduce Health Risks by Corporate Expatriate Employees in Western Ghana</s1></fA08><fA11 i1="01" i2="1"><s1>HAMER (Davidson H.)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="02" i2="1"><s1>RUFFING (Ronald)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="03" i2="1"><s1>CALLAHAN (Michael V.)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="04" i2="1"><s1>LYONS (Stephen H.)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="05" i2="1"><s1>ABDULLAH (Abu Saleh M.)</s1></fA11><fA14 i1="01"><s1>Center for International Health and Development and Department of International Health, Boston University School of Public Health</s1><s2>Boston, MA</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="02"><s1>Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine</s1><s2>Boston, MA</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="03"><s1>Department ofEmergency Medicine, Tufts-New England Medical Center</s1><s2>Boston, MA</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="04"><s1>Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital</s1><s2>Boston, MA</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="05"><s1>Rescue Medicine, Inc., Airlift One</s1><s2>Washington, DC</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="06"><s1>Santa Fe Community College</s1><s2>Gainesville, FL</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>4 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA20><s1>237-242</s1></fA20><fA21><s1>2008</s1></fA21><fA23 i1="01"><s0>ENG</s0></fA23><fA43 i1="01"><s1>INIST</s1><s2>26726</s2><s5>354000197389890050</s5></fA43><fA44><s0>0000</s0><s1>© 2008 INIST-CNRS. All rights reserved.</s1></fA44><fA45><s0>18 ref.</s0></fA45><fA47 i1="01" i2="1"><s0>08-0382597</s0></fA47><fA60><s1>P</s1></fA60><fA61><s0>A</s0></fA61><fA64 i1="01" i2="1"><s0>Journal of travel medicine</s0></fA64><fA66 i1="01"><s0>CAN</s0></fA66><fC01 i1="01" l="ENG"><s0>Background. Expatriate corporate workers stationed in remote regions of developing countries with limited health care resources are at substantial risk for a variety of infectious diseases. Methods. A survey was carried out among expatriates working at a large power plant construction site in western Ghana in 1998 to evaluate their use of pretravel medical services, current knowledge, and behavioral practices in relation to food- and waterborne disease prevention, diarrhea, malaria, respiratory infections, alcohol use, and high-risk sexual activity. An anonymous, structured, and pretested questionnaire was used. Results. The response rate was 42 of 60 (70%). Most respondents were men (39 of 42,93 %) with previous international construction experience. Adherence to food and water safety recommendations decreased with time. Expatriates (15 of 23, 65%) from developed countries reported at least one episode of diarrhea, whereas no expatriates (0 of 9) from resource-poor countries reported diarrhea (p < 0.001). Use of malaria chemoprophylaxis deteriorated with increasing duration of time on the job site. None of the expatriates (0 of 9) who had been on the site for more than a year was still taking an antimalarial compared to those who had been there for 3 months or less (13 of 16) (p < 0.01). Forty-three percent (18 of 42) of the respondents reported having had a respiratory infection in the past 3 months. Only 3 8 % (1 5 of 3 9) received preplacement education on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk. A higher proportion of those who received pre-travel HIV education used condoms always (4 of 5) than those who did not receive HIV education (1 of 5). Discussion. The use of health advice and preventive measures was generally low among the expatriate corporate survey respondents. Adherence to preventive measures declined with the increase in length of stay. Corporations need to develop appropriate health promotion strategies targeting their expatriates in developing countries.</s0></fC01><fC02 i1="01" i2="X"><s0>002B01</s0></fC02><fC03 i1="01" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Connaissance</s0><s5>09</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="01" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Knowledge</s0><s5>09</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="01" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Conocimiento</s0><s5>09</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="02" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Utilisation</s0><s5>10</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="02" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Use</s0><s5>10</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="02" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Uso</s0><s5>10</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="03" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Risque santé</s0><s5>11</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="03" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Health hazards</s0><s5>11</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="03" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Riesgos contra salud</s0><s5>11</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="04" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Santé publique</s0><s5>12</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="04" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Public health</s0><s5>12</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="04" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Salud pública</s0><s5>12</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="05" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Employé</s0><s5>13</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="05" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Employee</s0><s5>13</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="05" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Empleado</s0><s5>13</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="06" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Ghana</s0><s2>NG</s2><s5>14</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="06" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Ghana</s0><s2>NG</s2><s5>14</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="06" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Ghana</s0><s2>NG</s2><s5>14</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="07" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Médecine tropicale</s0><s5>15</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="07" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Tropical medicine</s0><s5>15</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="07" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Medicina tropical</s0><s5>15</s5></fC03><fC07 i1="01" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Afrique</s0><s2>NG</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="01" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Africa</s0><s2>NG</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="01" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Africa</s0><s2>NG</s2></fC07><fN21><s1>245</s1></fN21><fN44 i1="01"><s1>OTO</s1></fN44><fN82><s1>OTO</s1></fN82></pA></standard></inist><affiliations><list><country><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>District de Columbia</li><li>Floride</li><li>Massachusetts</li></region></list><tree><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Massachusetts"><name sortKey="Hamer, Davidson H" sort="Hamer, Davidson H" uniqKey="Hamer D" first="Davidson H." last="Hamer">Davidson H. Hamer</name></region><name sortKey="Abdullah, Abu Saleh M" sort="Abdullah, Abu Saleh M" uniqKey="Abdullah A" first="Abu Saleh M." last="Abdullah">Abu Saleh M. Abdullah</name><name sortKey="Callahan, Michael V" sort="Callahan, Michael V" uniqKey="Callahan M" first="Michael V." last="Callahan">Michael V. Callahan</name><name sortKey="Callahan, Michael V" sort="Callahan, Michael V" uniqKey="Callahan M" first="Michael V." last="Callahan">Michael V. Callahan</name><name sortKey="Hamer, Davidson H" sort="Hamer, Davidson H" uniqKey="Hamer D" first="Davidson H." last="Hamer">Davidson H. Hamer</name><name sortKey="Lyons, Stephen H" sort="Lyons, Stephen H" uniqKey="Lyons S" first="Stephen H." last="Lyons">Stephen H. Lyons</name><name sortKey="Lyons, Stephen H" sort="Lyons, Stephen H" uniqKey="Lyons S" first="Stephen H." last="Lyons">Stephen H. 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