Heterogeneous nature of HIV‐1 recombinants spreading in Spain
Identifieur interne : 000166 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 000165; suivant : 000167Heterogeneous nature of HIV‐1 recombinants spreading in Spain
Auteurs : Africa Holguín ; Amparo Álvarez ; Vincent SorianoSource :
- Journal of Medical Virology [ 0146-6615 ] ; 2005-03.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Accession number, African origin, Aids pandemic, Clade, Clin microbiol, Clinical specimens, Different subtypes, Double recombinants, Drug users, Equatorial guinea, European countries, Fact recombinants, Genetic characterization, Genetic diversity, Genetic nature, Grant number, Grant sponsor, High prevalence, Htsex, Htsex htsex htsex htsex htsex htsex htsex, Intersubtype recombinants, Intravenous drug addicts, Liberia, Madrid, Molecular epidemiology, Phylogenetic, Phylogenetic analyses, Phylogenetic analysis, Phylogenetic tree, Population dynamics, Protease, Protease inhibitors, Rapid spread, Recombinant, Recombinant forms, Recombinant virus, Recombinant viruses, Retrovirus, Simplot program, Soriano, Spain, Study population, Subtype, Subtype assignment, Subtype prevalence, Subtypes, Transcriptase, Variant, Vincent soriano, West africa, West african countries.
- Teeft :
- Accession number, African origin, Aids pandemic, Clade, Clin microbiol, Clinical specimens, Different subtypes, Double recombinants, Drug users, Equatorial guinea, European countries, Fact recombinants, Genetic characterization, Genetic diversity, Genetic nature, Grant number, Grant sponsor, High prevalence, Htsex, Htsex htsex htsex htsex htsex htsex htsex, Intersubtype recombinants, Intravenous drug addicts, Liberia, Madrid, Molecular epidemiology, Phylogenetic, Phylogenetic analyses, Phylogenetic analysis, Phylogenetic tree, Population dynamics, Protease, Protease inhibitors, Rapid spread, Recombinant, Recombinant forms, Recombinant virus, Recombinant viruses, Retrovirus, Simplot program, Soriano, Spain, Study population, Subtype, Subtype assignment, Subtype prevalence, Subtypes, Transcriptase, Variant, Vincent soriano, West africa, West african countries.
Abstract
HIV‐1 infections due to non‐B subtypes are increasing rapidly in number and spreading across Europe. The genetic nature of HIV‐1 non‐B variants containing subtype G sequences at the protease (PR)‐coding region are described from 48 unrelated subjects living in Spain. Phylogenetic analyses of the HIV‐1 reverse transcriptase (RT) and envelope (env) genes (including the V3 loop) were performed. Up to 32 (66.6%) of samples carried inter‐subtype recombinant viruses. Although double recombinants were found most frequently (G/A in 20; G/B in 8; G/K in 2), two individuals harbored triple recombinant viruses (GPR/BRT/Aenv and GPR/KRT/Aenv, respectively). Only 33 (68.7%) and 9 (18.7%) sequences clustered with clade G when examining the RT and env genes, respectively. Nearly 70% of samples with pol sequences (PR/RT) belonging to subtype G harbored env sequences ascribed to other clades: A (55.6%), B (11.1%), or K (3.7%). Of note, most recombinant viruses clustered with CRF02_AG, although CRF14_BG recombinants were also found. This study demonstrates that most viruses circulating in Spain with clade G sequences at the pol‐coding region are in fact inter‐subtype recombinants, with CRF02_AG being the most prevalent virus. J. Med. Virol. 75:374–380, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Url:
DOI: 10.1002/jmv.20280
Links to Exploration step
ISTEX:A4AD0652FD3803B5BC581519B44A87DB7255FE1CLe document en format XML
<record><TEI wicri:istexFullTextTei="biblStruct"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Heterogeneous nature of HIV‐1 recombinants spreading in Spain</title><author><name sortKey="Holguin, Africa" sort="Holguin, Africa" uniqKey="Holguin A" first="Africa" last="Holguín">Africa Holguín</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Carlos III, Madrid, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Calle Nueva Zelanda 54, 4° B, 28035 Madrid, Spain.===</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Alvarez, Amparo" sort="Alvarez, Amparo" uniqKey="Alvarez A" first="Amparo" last="Álvarez">Amparo Álvarez</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Carlos III, Madrid, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Soriano, Vincent" sort="Soriano, Vincent" uniqKey="Soriano V" first="Vincent" last="Soriano">Vincent Soriano</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Carlos III, Madrid, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Calle Nueva Zelanda 54, 4° B, 28035 Madrid, Spain.===</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:A4AD0652FD3803B5BC581519B44A87DB7255FE1C</idno><date when="2005" year="2005">2005</date><idno type="doi">10.1002/jmv.20280</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/A4AD0652FD3803B5BC581519B44A87DB7255FE1C/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">000166</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">000166</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Heterogeneous nature of HIV‐1 recombinants spreading in Spain</title><author><name sortKey="Holguin, Africa" sort="Holguin, Africa" uniqKey="Holguin A" first="Africa" last="Holguín">Africa Holguín</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Carlos III, Madrid, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Calle Nueva Zelanda 54, 4° B, 28035 Madrid, Spain.===</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Alvarez, Amparo" sort="Alvarez, Amparo" uniqKey="Alvarez A" first="Amparo" last="Álvarez">Amparo Álvarez</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Carlos III, Madrid, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Soriano, Vincent" sort="Soriano, Vincent" uniqKey="Soriano V" first="Vincent" last="Soriano">Vincent Soriano</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Carlos III, Madrid, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Calle Nueva Zelanda 54, 4° B, 28035 Madrid, Spain.===</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j" type="main">Journal of Medical Virology</title><title level="j" type="alt">JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY</title><idno type="ISSN">0146-6615</idno><idno type="eISSN">1096-9071</idno><imprint><biblScope unit="vol">75</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">3</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="374">374</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="380">380</biblScope><biblScope unit="page-count">7</biblScope><publisher>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisher><pubPlace>Hoboken</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2005-03">2005-03</date></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0146-6615</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0146-6615</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Accession number</term><term>African origin</term><term>Aids pandemic</term><term>Clade</term><term>Clin microbiol</term><term>Clinical specimens</term><term>Different subtypes</term><term>Double recombinants</term><term>Drug users</term><term>Equatorial guinea</term><term>European countries</term><term>Fact recombinants</term><term>Genetic characterization</term><term>Genetic diversity</term><term>Genetic nature</term><term>Grant number</term><term>Grant sponsor</term><term>High prevalence</term><term>Htsex</term><term>Htsex htsex htsex htsex htsex htsex htsex</term><term>Intersubtype recombinants</term><term>Intravenous drug addicts</term><term>Liberia</term><term>Madrid</term><term>Molecular epidemiology</term><term>Phylogenetic</term><term>Phylogenetic analyses</term><term>Phylogenetic analysis</term><term>Phylogenetic tree</term><term>Population dynamics</term><term>Protease</term><term>Protease inhibitors</term><term>Rapid spread</term><term>Recombinant</term><term>Recombinant forms</term><term>Recombinant virus</term><term>Recombinant viruses</term><term>Retrovirus</term><term>Simplot program</term><term>Soriano</term><term>Spain</term><term>Study population</term><term>Subtype</term><term>Subtype assignment</term><term>Subtype prevalence</term><term>Subtypes</term><term>Transcriptase</term><term>Variant</term><term>Vincent soriano</term><term>West africa</term><term>West african countries</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Teeft" xml:lang="en"><term>Accession number</term><term>African origin</term><term>Aids pandemic</term><term>Clade</term><term>Clin microbiol</term><term>Clinical specimens</term><term>Different subtypes</term><term>Double recombinants</term><term>Drug users</term><term>Equatorial guinea</term><term>European countries</term><term>Fact recombinants</term><term>Genetic characterization</term><term>Genetic diversity</term><term>Genetic nature</term><term>Grant number</term><term>Grant sponsor</term><term>High prevalence</term><term>Htsex</term><term>Htsex htsex htsex htsex htsex htsex htsex</term><term>Intersubtype recombinants</term><term>Intravenous drug addicts</term><term>Liberia</term><term>Madrid</term><term>Molecular epidemiology</term><term>Phylogenetic</term><term>Phylogenetic analyses</term><term>Phylogenetic analysis</term><term>Phylogenetic tree</term><term>Population dynamics</term><term>Protease</term><term>Protease inhibitors</term><term>Rapid spread</term><term>Recombinant</term><term>Recombinant forms</term><term>Recombinant virus</term><term>Recombinant viruses</term><term>Retrovirus</term><term>Simplot program</term><term>Soriano</term><term>Spain</term><term>Study population</term><term>Subtype</term><term>Subtype assignment</term><term>Subtype prevalence</term><term>Subtypes</term><term>Transcriptase</term><term>Variant</term><term>Vincent soriano</term><term>West africa</term><term>West african countries</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">HIV‐1 infections due to non‐B subtypes are increasing rapidly in number and spreading across Europe. The genetic nature of HIV‐1 non‐B variants containing subtype G sequences at the protease (PR)‐coding region are described from 48 unrelated subjects living in Spain. Phylogenetic analyses of the HIV‐1 reverse transcriptase (RT) and envelope (env) genes (including the V3 loop) were performed. Up to 32 (66.6%) of samples carried inter‐subtype recombinant viruses. Although double recombinants were found most frequently (G/A in 20; G/B in 8; G/K in 2), two individuals harbored triple recombinant viruses (GPR/BRT/Aenv and GPR/KRT/Aenv, respectively). Only 33 (68.7%) and 9 (18.7%) sequences clustered with clade G when examining the RT and env genes, respectively. Nearly 70% of samples with pol sequences (PR/RT) belonging to subtype G harbored env sequences ascribed to other clades: A (55.6%), B (11.1%), or K (3.7%). Of note, most recombinant viruses clustered with CRF02_AG, although CRF14_BG recombinants were also found. This study demonstrates that most viruses circulating in Spain with clade G sequences at the pol‐coding region are in fact inter‐subtype recombinants, with CRF02_AG being the most prevalent virus. J. Med. Virol. 75:374–380, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><keywords><teeft><json:string>htsex</json:string><json:string>recombinant</json:string><json:string>clade</json:string><json:string>subtypes</json:string><json:string>soriano</json:string><json:string>retrovirus</json:string><json:string>phylogenetic</json:string><json:string>transcriptase</json:string><json:string>liberia</json:string><json:string>subtype</json:string><json:string>west africa</json:string><json:string>phylogenetic analysis</json:string><json:string>protease</json:string><json:string>equatorial guinea</json:string><json:string>genetic diversity</json:string><json:string>study population</json:string><json:string>high prevalence</json:string><json:string>madrid</json:string><json:string>different subtypes</json:string><json:string>grant sponsor</json:string><json:string>clinical specimens</json:string><json:string>fact recombinants</json:string><json:string>recombinant viruses</json:string><json:string>phylogenetic tree</json:string><json:string>spain</json:string><json:string>variant</json:string><json:string>subtype assignment</json:string><json:string>genetic characterization</json:string><json:string>rapid spread</json:string><json:string>simplot program</json:string><json:string>african origin</json:string><json:string>double recombinants</json:string><json:string>population dynamics</json:string><json:string>phylogenetic analyses</json:string><json:string>intersubtype recombinants</json:string><json:string>grant number</json:string><json:string>recombinant virus</json:string><json:string>intravenous drug addicts</json:string><json:string>accession number</json:string><json:string>recombinant forms</json:string><json:string>htsex htsex htsex htsex htsex htsex htsex</json:string><json:string>genetic nature</json:string><json:string>west african countries</json:string><json:string>aids pandemic</json:string><json:string>drug users</json:string><json:string>european countries</json:string><json:string>clin microbiol</json:string><json:string>molecular epidemiology</json:string><json:string>vincent soriano</json:string><json:string>subtype prevalence</json:string><json:string>protease inhibitors</json:string></teeft></keywords><author><json:item><name>Africa Holguín</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Carlos III, Madrid, Spain</json:string><json:string>Calle Nueva Zelanda 54, 4° B, 28035 Madrid, Spain.===</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Amparo Álvarez</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Carlos III, Madrid, Spain</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Vincent Soriano</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Carlos III, Madrid, Spain</json:string><json:string>Calle Nueva Zelanda 54, 4° B, 28035 Madrid, Spain.===</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>HIV‐1 subtypes</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>recombinants</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>protease</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>reverse transcriptase</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>envelope</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>genetic variability</value></json:item></subject><articleId><json:string>JMV20280</json:string></articleId><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>HIV‐1 infections due to non‐B subtypes are increasing rapidly in number and spreading across Europe. The genetic nature of HIV‐1 non‐B variants containing subtype G sequences at the protease (PR)‐coding region are described from 48 unrelated subjects living in Spain. Phylogenetic analyses of the HIV‐1 reverse transcriptase (RT) and envelope (env) genes (including the V3 loop) were performed. Up to 32 (66.6%) of samples carried inter‐subtype recombinant viruses. Although double recombinants were found most frequently (G/A in 20; G/B in 8; G/K in 2), two individuals harbored triple recombinant viruses (GPR/BRT/Aenv and GPR/KRT/Aenv, respectively). Only 33 (68.7%) and 9 (18.7%) sequences clustered with clade G when examining the RT and env genes, respectively. Nearly 70% of samples with pol sequences (PR/RT) belonging to subtype G harbored env sequences ascribed to other clades: A (55.6%), B (11.1%), or K (3.7%). Of note, most recombinant viruses clustered with CRF02_AG, although CRF14_BG recombinants were also found. This study demonstrates that most viruses circulating in Spain with clade G sequences at the pol‐coding region are in fact inter‐subtype recombinants, with CRF02_AG being the most prevalent virus. J. Med. Virol. 75:374–380, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>5.848</score><pdfVersion>1.3</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>594 x 792 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><abstractCharCount>1284</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>3556</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>24590</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>7</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>191</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Heterogeneous nature of HIV‐1 recombinants spreading in Spain</title><genre><json:string>article</json:string></genre><host><title>Journal of Medical Virology</title><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><doi><json:string>10.1002/(ISSN)1096-9071</json:string></doi><issn><json:string>0146-6615</json:string></issn><eissn><json:string>1096-9071</json:string></eissn><publisherId><json:string>JMV</json:string></publisherId><volume>75</volume><issue>3</issue><pages><first>374</first><last>380</last><total>7</total></pages><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre></host><categories><wos><json:string>science</json:string><json:string>virology</json:string></wos><scienceMetrix><json:string>health sciences</json:string><json:string>biomedical research</json:string><json:string>virology</json:string></scienceMetrix><inist><json:string>sciences appliquees, technologies et medecines</json:string><json:string>sciences biologiques et medicales</json:string><json:string>sciences biologiques fondamentales et appliquees. psychologie</json:string></inist></categories><publicationDate>2005</publicationDate><copyrightDate>2005</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1002/jmv.20280</json:string></doi><id>A4AD0652FD3803B5BC581519B44A87DB7255FE1C</id><score>1</score><fulltext><json:item><extension>pdf</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/A4AD0652FD3803B5BC581519B44A87DB7255FE1C/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><extension>zip</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/A4AD0652FD3803B5BC581519B44A87DB7255FE1C/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/A4AD0652FD3803B5BC581519B44A87DB7255FE1C/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Heterogeneous nature of HIV‐1 recombinants spreading in Spain</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><publisher>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisher><pubPlace>Hoboken</pubPlace><availability><licence>Copyright © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.</licence></availability><date type="published" when="2005-03"></date></publicationStmt><notesStmt><note type="content-type" subtype="article" source="article" scheme="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-6N5SZHKN-D">article</note><note type="publication-type" subtype="journal" scheme="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/JMC-0GLKJH51-B">journal</note></notesStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="article"><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Heterogeneous nature of HIV‐1 recombinants spreading in Spain</title><title level="a" type="short" xml:lang="en">HIV‐1 Recombinants in Spain</title><author xml:id="author-0000" role="corresp"><persName><forename type="first">Africa</forename><surname>Holguín</surname></persName><email>aholguin.hciii@salud.madrid.org</email><affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Carlos III, Madrid, Spain<address><country key="ES"></country></address></affiliation><affiliation>Calle Nueva Zelanda 54, 4° B, 28035 Madrid, Spain.===</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0001"><persName><forename type="first">Amparo</forename><surname>Álvarez</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Carlos III, Madrid, Spain<address><country key="ES"></country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0002" role="corresp"><persName><forename type="first">Vincent</forename><surname>Soriano</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Carlos III, Madrid, Spain<address><country key="ES"></country></address></affiliation><affiliation>Calle Nueva Zelanda 54, 4° B, 28035 Madrid, Spain.===</affiliation></author><idno type="istex">A4AD0652FD3803B5BC581519B44A87DB7255FE1C</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1002/jmv.20280</idno><idno type="unit">JMV20280</idno><idno type="toTypesetVersion">file:JMV.JMV20280.pdf</idno></analytic><monogr><title level="j" type="main">Journal of Medical Virology</title><title level="j" type="alt">JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY</title><idno type="pISSN">0146-6615</idno><idno type="eISSN">1096-9071</idno><idno type="book-DOI">10.1002/(ISSN)1096-9071</idno><idno type="book-part-DOI">10.1002/jmv.v75:3</idno><idno type="product">JMV</idno><imprint><biblScope unit="vol">75</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">3</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="374">374</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="380">380</biblScope><biblScope unit="page-count">7</biblScope><publisher>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisher><pubPlace>Hoboken</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2005-03"></date></imprint></monogr></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><abstract xml:lang="en" style="main"><head>Abstract</head><p>HIV‐1 infections due to non‐B subtypes are increasing rapidly in number and spreading across Europe. The genetic nature of HIV‐1 non‐B variants containing subtype G sequences at the <hi rend="italic">protease</hi> (<hi rend="italic">PR</hi>)‐coding region are described from 48 unrelated subjects living in Spain. Phylogenetic analyses of the HIV‐1 <hi rend="italic">reverse transcriptase</hi> (<hi rend="italic">RT</hi>) and <hi rend="italic">envelope</hi> (<hi rend="italic">env</hi>) genes (including the V3 loop) were performed. Up to 32 (66.6%) of samples carried inter‐subtype recombinant viruses. Although double recombinants were found most frequently (G/A in 20; G/B in 8; G/K in 2), two individuals harbored triple recombinant viruses (G<hi rend="superscript">PR</hi>/B<hi rend="superscript">RT</hi>/A<hi rend="superscript">env</hi> and G<hi rend="superscript">PR</hi>/K<hi rend="superscript">RT</hi>/A<hi rend="superscript">env</hi>, respectively). Only 33 (68.7%) and 9 (18.7%) sequences clustered with clade G when examining the <hi rend="italic">RT</hi> and <hi rend="italic">env</hi> genes, respectively. Nearly 70% of samples with <hi rend="italic">pol</hi> sequences (<hi rend="italic">PR/RT</hi>) belonging to subtype G harbored <hi rend="italic">env</hi> sequences ascribed to other clades: A (55.6%), B (11.1%), or K (3.7%). Of note, most recombinant viruses clustered with CRF02_AG, although CRF14_BG recombinants were also found. This study demonstrates that most viruses circulating in Spain with clade G sequences at the <hi rend="italic">pol</hi>‐coding region are in fact inter‐subtype recombinants, with CRF02_AG being the most prevalent virus. J. Med. Virol. 75:374–380, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.</p></abstract><textClass><keywords xml:lang="en"><term xml:id="kwd1">HIV‐1 subtypes</term><term xml:id="kwd2">recombinants</term><term xml:id="kwd3"><hi rend="italic">protease</hi></term><term xml:id="kwd4"><hi rend="italic">reverse transcriptase</hi></term><term xml:id="kwd5"><hi rend="italic">envelope</hi></term><term xml:id="kwd6">genetic variability</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="EN"></language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/A4AD0652FD3803B5BC581519B44A87DB7255FE1C/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component version="2.0" type="serialArticle" xml:lang="en"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><publisherInfo><publisherName>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisherName><publisherLoc>Hoboken</publisherLoc></publisherInfo><doi registered="yes">10.1002/(ISSN)1096-9071</doi><issn type="print">0146-6615</issn><issn type="electronic">1096-9071</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="JMV"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" xml:lang="en" sort="JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY">Journal of Medical Virology</title><title type="short">J. Med. Virol.</title></titleGroup></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="part" position="30"><doi origin="wiley" registered="yes">10.1002/jmv.v75:3</doi><numberingGroup><numbering type="journalVolume" number="75">75</numbering><numbering type="journalIssue">3</numbering></numberingGroup><coverDate startDate="2005-03">March 2005</coverDate></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="unit" type="article" position="2" status="forIssue"><doi origin="wiley" registered="yes">10.1002/jmv.20280</doi><idGroup><id type="unit" value="JMV20280"></id></idGroup><countGroup><count type="pageTotal" number="7"></count></countGroup><copyright ownership="publisher">Copyright © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.</copyright><eventGroup><event type="manuscriptAccepted" date="2004-10-15"></event><event type="firstOnline" date="2005-01-12"></event><event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2005-01-12"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:JWSART34_TO_WML3G version:2.3.2 mode:FullText source:HeaderRef result:HeaderRef" date="2010-03-15"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WILEY_ML3G_TO_WILEY_ML3GV2 version:4.0.1" date="2014-03-20"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.1.7 mode:FullText,remove_FC" date="2014-10-30"></event></eventGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="pageFirst">374</numbering><numbering type="pageLast">380</numbering></numberingGroup><correspondenceTo>Calle Nueva Zelanda 54, 4° B, 28035 Madrid, Spain.===</correspondenceTo><linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:JMV.JMV20280.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><countGroup><count type="figureTotal" number="2"></count><count type="tableTotal" number="1"></count><count type="referenceTotal" number="41"></count><count type="wordTotal" number="1329"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" xml:lang="en">Heterogeneous nature of HIV‐1 recombinants spreading in Spain</title><title type="short" xml:lang="en">HIV‐1 Recombinants in Spain</title></titleGroup><creators><creator xml:id="au1" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af1" corresponding="yes"><personName><givenNames>Africa</givenNames><familyName>Holguín</familyName></personName><contactDetails><email>aholguin.hciii@salud.madrid.org</email></contactDetails></creator><creator xml:id="au2" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af1"><personName><givenNames>Amparo</givenNames><familyName>Álvarez</familyName></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au3" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af1" corresponding="yes"><personName><givenNames>Vincent</givenNames><familyName>Soriano</familyName></personName></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation xml:id="af1" countryCode="ES" type="organization"><unparsedAffiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Carlos III, Madrid, Spain</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation></affiliationGroup><keywordGroup xml:lang="en" type="author"><keyword xml:id="kwd1">HIV‐1 subtypes</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd2">recombinants</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd3"><i>protease</i></keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd4"><i>reverse transcriptase</i></keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd5"><i>envelope</i></keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd6">genetic variability</keyword></keywordGroup><fundingInfo><fundingAgency>Asociación Investigación y Educación en SIDA (AIES)</fundingAgency></fundingInfo><fundingInfo><fundingAgency>Red de Investigación en SIDA (RIS) project 173, Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología</fundingAgency><fundingNumber>SAF2003‐03551</fundingNumber></fundingInfo><fundingInfo><fundingAgency>Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias</fundingAgency><fundingNumber>FIS PI030004</fundingNumber></fundingInfo><abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:lang="en"><title type="main">Abstract</title><p>HIV‐1 infections due to non‐B subtypes are increasing rapidly in number and spreading across Europe. The genetic nature of HIV‐1 non‐B variants containing subtype G sequences at the <i>protease</i> (<i>PR</i>)‐coding region are described from 48 unrelated subjects living in Spain. Phylogenetic analyses of the HIV‐1 <i>reverse transcriptase</i> (<i>RT</i>) and <i>envelope</i> (<i>env</i>) genes (including the V3 loop) were performed. Up to 32 (66.6%) of samples carried inter‐subtype recombinant viruses. Although double recombinants were found most frequently (G/A in 20; G/B in 8; G/K in 2), two individuals harbored triple recombinant viruses (G<sup>PR</sup>/B<sup>RT</sup>/A<sup>env</sup> and G<sup>PR</sup>/K<sup>RT</sup>/A<sup>env</sup>, respectively). Only 33 (68.7%) and 9 (18.7%) sequences clustered with clade G when examining the <i>RT</i> and <i>env</i> genes, respectively. Nearly 70% of samples with <i>pol</i> sequences (<i>PR/RT</i>) belonging to subtype G harbored <i>env</i> sequences ascribed to other clades: A (55.6%), B (11.1%), or K (3.7%). Of note, most recombinant viruses clustered with CRF02_AG, although CRF14_BG recombinants were also found. This study demonstrates that most viruses circulating in Spain with clade G sequences at the <i>pol</i>‐coding region are in fact inter‐subtype recombinants, with CRF02_AG being the most prevalent virus. J. Med. Virol. 75:374–380, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.</p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Heterogeneous nature of HIV‐1 recombinants spreading in Spain</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated" lang="en"><title>HIV‐1 Recombinants in Spain</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Heterogeneous nature of HIV‐1 recombinants spreading in Spain</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Africa</namePart><namePart type="family">Holguín</namePart><affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Carlos III, Madrid, Spain</affiliation><affiliation>Calle Nueva Zelanda 54, 4° B, 28035 Madrid, Spain.===</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Amparo</namePart><namePart type="family">Álvarez</namePart><affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Carlos III, Madrid, Spain</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Vincent</namePart><namePart type="family">Soriano</namePart><affiliation>Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Carlos III, Madrid, Spain</affiliation><affiliation>Calle Nueva Zelanda 54, 4° B, 28035 Madrid, Spain.===</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisher><place><placeTerm type="text">Hoboken</placeTerm></place><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2005-03</dateIssued><dateValid encoding="w3cdtf">2004-10-15</dateValid><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2005</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType><extent unit="figures">2</extent><extent unit="tables">1</extent><extent unit="references">41</extent><extent unit="words">1329</extent></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">HIV‐1 infections due to non‐B subtypes are increasing rapidly in number and spreading across Europe. The genetic nature of HIV‐1 non‐B variants containing subtype G sequences at the protease (PR)‐coding region are described from 48 unrelated subjects living in Spain. Phylogenetic analyses of the HIV‐1 reverse transcriptase (RT) and envelope (env) genes (including the V3 loop) were performed. Up to 32 (66.6%) of samples carried inter‐subtype recombinant viruses. Although double recombinants were found most frequently (G/A in 20; G/B in 8; G/K in 2), two individuals harbored triple recombinant viruses (GPR/BRT/Aenv and GPR/KRT/Aenv, respectively). Only 33 (68.7%) and 9 (18.7%) sequences clustered with clade G when examining the RT and env genes, respectively. Nearly 70% of samples with pol sequences (PR/RT) belonging to subtype G harbored env sequences ascribed to other clades: A (55.6%), B (11.1%), or K (3.7%). Of note, most recombinant viruses clustered with CRF02_AG, although CRF14_BG recombinants were also found. This study demonstrates that most viruses circulating in Spain with clade G sequences at the pol‐coding region are in fact inter‐subtype recombinants, with CRF02_AG being the most prevalent virus. J. Med. Virol. 75:374–380, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.</abstract><note type="funding">Asociación Investigación y Educación en SIDA (AIES)</note><note type="funding">Red de Investigación en SIDA (RIS) project 173, Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología - No. SAF2003‐03551; </note><note type="funding">Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias - No. FIS PI030004; </note><subject lang="en"><genre>keywords</genre><topic>HIV‐1 subtypes</topic><topic>recombinants</topic><topic>protease</topic><topic>reverse transcriptase</topic><topic>envelope</topic><topic>genetic variability</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Journal of Medical Virology</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>J. Med. Virol.</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><identifier type="ISSN">0146-6615</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1096-9071</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1002/(ISSN)1096-9071</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">JMV</identifier><part><date>2005</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>75</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>3</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>374</start><end>380</end><total>7</total></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">A4AD0652FD3803B5BC581519B44A87DB7255FE1C</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1002/jmv.20280</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">JMV20280</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">Copyright © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource>WILEY</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</recordOrigin></recordInfo></mods></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Wicri/Sante/explor/SidaGhanaV1/Data/Istex/Corpus
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 000166 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Istex/Corpus/biblio.hfd -nk 000166 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Wicri/Sante
|area= SidaGhanaV1
|flux= Istex
|étape= Corpus
|type= RBID
|clé= ISTEX:A4AD0652FD3803B5BC581519B44A87DB7255FE1C
|texte= Heterogeneous nature of HIV‐1 recombinants spreading in Spain
}}
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.31. |  |