Prevalence and impact of hepatitis B and C virus co‐infections in antiretroviral treatment naïve patients with HIV infection at a major treatment center in Ghana
Identifieur interne : 000068 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 000067; suivant : 000069Prevalence and impact of hepatitis B and C virus co‐infections in antiretroviral treatment naïve patients with HIV infection at a major treatment center in Ghana
Auteurs : Kwamena William Coleman Sagoe ; Afrakoma Adjoa Agyei ; Francesca Ziga ; Margaret Lartey ; Theophilus K. Adiku ; Makafui Seshi ; Max Q. Arens ; Julius Abraham Addo MingleSource :
- Journal of Medical Virology [ 0146-6615 ] ; 2012-01.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Active antiretroviral therapy, Adewole, Antiretroviral, Antiretroviral therapy, Baseline parameters, Chronic hepatitis, Clinical disease, Cobas amplicor, Cohort, General biologicals corp, Ghana, Haart, Harania, Hbeag, Hbsag, Hepatitis, Hepatitis virus, Hepatitis viruses, High prevalence, Idoko, Infection, Median, Natural history, Nigerian cohort, Nigerian patients, Occult hepatitis, Opportunistic infections, Otegbayo, Plasma samples, Similar results, Teaching hospital, Viral, Viral load, Virol, Virus infection, West africa, Wiley periodicals.
- Teeft :
- Active antiretroviral therapy, Adewole, Antiretroviral, Antiretroviral therapy, Baseline parameters, Chronic hepatitis, Clinical disease, Cobas amplicor, Cohort, General biologicals corp, Ghana, Haart, Harania, Hbeag, Hbsag, Hepatitis, Hepatitis virus, Hepatitis viruses, High prevalence, Idoko, Infection, Median, Natural history, Nigerian cohort, Nigerian patients, Occult hepatitis, Opportunistic infections, Otegbayo, Plasma samples, Similar results, Teaching hospital, Viral, Viral load, Virol, Virus infection, West africa, Wiley periodicals.
Abstract
Data on the effects of the presence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) in patients co‐infected with these viruses and HIV in West Africa are conflicting and little information is available in Ghana. A cohort of 138 treatment naïve individuals infected with HIV was screened for HBV and HCV serologic markers; HBsAg positive patients were tested for HBeAg, anti‐HBe, and anti‐HBc IgM. The viral load of HIV‐1 in the plasma was determined in 81 patients. Eighteen of the 138 patients (13%) and 5 (3.6%) had HBsAg and anti‐HCV, respectively. None of the patients had anti‐HBc IgM, but 10 (55.6%) and 8 (44.4%) of the 18 patients who were HBsAg positive had HBeAg and anti‐HBe, respectively. In patients with measurement of CD4+ undertaken within 1 month (n = 83), CD4+ count was significantly lower in patients with HBeAg (median [IQR], 81 [22–144]) as compared to those with anti‐HBe (median [IQR], 210 [197–222]) (P = 0.002, CI: −96.46 to 51.21). However, those with HIV mono‐infection had similar CD4+ counts (median [IQR], 57 [14–159]) compared to those with HBeAg (P = 1.0, CI: −71.75 to 73.66). Similar results were obtained if CD4+ count was measured within 2 months prior to initiation of HAART (n = 119). Generally, HBV and anti‐HCV did not affect CD4+ and viral loads of HIV‐1 in plasma but patients with HIV and HBV co‐infection who had HBeAg had more severe immune suppression as compared to those with anti‐HBe. This may have implication for initiating HAART in HBV endemic areas. J. Med. Virol. 84:6–10, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Url:
DOI: 10.1002/jmv.22262
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ISTEX:D8F60EE30E7B640FE6D29FA7E99D47FBB6B67536Le document en format XML
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Arens</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Retrovirus Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, Missouri</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mingle, Julius Abraham Addo" sort="Mingle, Julius Abraham Addo" uniqKey="Mingle J" first="Julius Abraham Addo" last="Mingle">Julius Abraham Addo Mingle</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Clinical Virology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j" type="main">Journal of Medical Virology</title><title level="j" type="alt">JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY</title><idno type="ISSN">0146-6615</idno><idno type="eISSN">1096-9071</idno><imprint><biblScope unit="vol">84</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">1</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="6">6</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="10">10</biblScope><biblScope unit="page-count">5</biblScope><publisher>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisher><pubPlace>Hoboken</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2012-01">2012-01</date></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0146-6615</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0146-6615</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Active antiretroviral therapy</term><term>Adewole</term><term>Antiretroviral</term><term>Antiretroviral therapy</term><term>Baseline parameters</term><term>Chronic hepatitis</term><term>Clinical disease</term><term>Cobas amplicor</term><term>Cohort</term><term>General biologicals corp</term><term>Ghana</term><term>Haart</term><term>Harania</term><term>Hbeag</term><term>Hbsag</term><term>Hepatitis</term><term>Hepatitis virus</term><term>Hepatitis viruses</term><term>High prevalence</term><term>Idoko</term><term>Infection</term><term>Median</term><term>Natural history</term><term>Nigerian cohort</term><term>Nigerian patients</term><term>Occult hepatitis</term><term>Opportunistic infections</term><term>Otegbayo</term><term>Plasma samples</term><term>Similar results</term><term>Teaching hospital</term><term>Viral</term><term>Viral load</term><term>Virol</term><term>Virus infection</term><term>West africa</term><term>Wiley periodicals</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Teeft" xml:lang="en"><term>Active antiretroviral therapy</term><term>Adewole</term><term>Antiretroviral</term><term>Antiretroviral therapy</term><term>Baseline parameters</term><term>Chronic hepatitis</term><term>Clinical disease</term><term>Cobas amplicor</term><term>Cohort</term><term>General biologicals corp</term><term>Ghana</term><term>Haart</term><term>Harania</term><term>Hbeag</term><term>Hbsag</term><term>Hepatitis</term><term>Hepatitis virus</term><term>Hepatitis viruses</term><term>High prevalence</term><term>Idoko</term><term>Infection</term><term>Median</term><term>Natural history</term><term>Nigerian cohort</term><term>Nigerian patients</term><term>Occult hepatitis</term><term>Opportunistic infections</term><term>Otegbayo</term><term>Plasma samples</term><term>Similar results</term><term>Teaching hospital</term><term>Viral</term><term>Viral load</term><term>Virol</term><term>Virus infection</term><term>West africa</term><term>Wiley periodicals</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Data on the effects of the presence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) in patients co‐infected with these viruses and HIV in West Africa are conflicting and little information is available in Ghana. A cohort of 138 treatment naïve individuals infected with HIV was screened for HBV and HCV serologic markers; HBsAg positive patients were tested for HBeAg, anti‐HBe, and anti‐HBc IgM. The viral load of HIV‐1 in the plasma was determined in 81 patients. Eighteen of the 138 patients (13%) and 5 (3.6%) had HBsAg and anti‐HCV, respectively. None of the patients had anti‐HBc IgM, but 10 (55.6%) and 8 (44.4%) of the 18 patients who were HBsAg positive had HBeAg and anti‐HBe, respectively. In patients with measurement of CD4+ undertaken within 1 month (n = 83), CD4+ count was significantly lower in patients with HBeAg (median [IQR], 81 [22–144]) as compared to those with anti‐HBe (median [IQR], 210 [197–222]) (P = 0.002, CI: −96.46 to 51.21). However, those with HIV mono‐infection had similar CD4+ counts (median [IQR], 57 [14–159]) compared to those with HBeAg (P = 1.0, CI: −71.75 to 73.66). Similar results were obtained if CD4+ count was measured within 2 months prior to initiation of HAART (n = 119). Generally, HBV and anti‐HCV did not affect CD4+ and viral loads of HIV‐1 in plasma but patients with HIV and HBV co‐infection who had HBeAg had more severe immune suppression as compared to those with anti‐HBe. This may have implication for initiating HAART in HBV endemic areas. J. Med. Virol. 84:6–10, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><keywords><teeft><json:string>hbeag</json:string><json:string>hbsag</json:string><json:string>haart</json:string><json:string>antiretroviral</json:string><json:string>cohort</json:string><json:string>idoko</json:string><json:string>harania</json:string><json:string>otegbayo</json:string><json:string>viral</json:string><json:string>adewole</json:string><json:string>virol</json:string><json:string>virus infection</json:string><json:string>hepatitis</json:string><json:string>antiretroviral therapy</json:string><json:string>clinical disease</json:string><json:string>median</json:string><json:string>west africa</json:string><json:string>chronic hepatitis</json:string><json:string>viral load</json:string><json:string>nigerian cohort</json:string><json:string>teaching hospital</json:string><json:string>plasma samples</json:string><json:string>infection</json:string><json:string>ghana</json:string><json:string>baseline parameters</json:string><json:string>similar results</json:string><json:string>general biologicals corp</json:string><json:string>cobas amplicor</json:string><json:string>wiley periodicals</json:string><json:string>high prevalence</json:string><json:string>opportunistic infections</json:string><json:string>nigerian patients</json:string><json:string>occult hepatitis</json:string><json:string>hepatitis virus</json:string><json:string>hepatitis viruses</json:string><json:string>natural history</json:string><json:string>active antiretroviral therapy</json:string></teeft></keywords><author><json:item><name>Kwamena William Coleman Sagoe</name><affiliations><json:string>Clinical Virology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana</json:string><json:string>P.O. Box 4236, Accra, Ghana.===</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Afrakoma Adjoa Agyei</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Medicine, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Francesca Ziga</name><affiliations><json:string>Pharmacy Department, Korle‐Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Margaret Lartey</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Medicine, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Theophilus K. Adiku</name><affiliations><json:string>Clinical Virology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Makafui Seshi</name><affiliations><json:string>Clinical Virology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Max Q. Arens</name><affiliations><json:string>Retrovirus Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, Missouri</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Julius Abraham Addo Mingle</name><affiliations><json:string>Clinical Virology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>HIV</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>CD4+</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>viral load</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>hepatitis viruses</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Ghana</value></json:item></subject><articleId><json:string>JMV22262</json:string></articleId><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>Data on the effects of the presence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) in patients co‐infected with these viruses and HIV in West Africa are conflicting and little information is available in Ghana. A cohort of 138 treatment naïve individuals infected with HIV was screened for HBV and HCV serologic markers; HBsAg positive patients were tested for HBeAg, anti‐HBe, and anti‐HBc IgM. The viral load of HIV‐1 in the plasma was determined in 81 patients. Eighteen of the 138 patients (13%) and 5 (3.6%) had HBsAg and anti‐HCV, respectively. None of the patients had anti‐HBc IgM, but 10 (55.6%) and 8 (44.4%) of the 18 patients who were HBsAg positive had HBeAg and anti‐HBe, respectively. In patients with measurement of CD4+ undertaken within 1 month (n = 83), CD4+ count was significantly lower in patients with HBeAg (median [IQR], 81 [22–144]) as compared to those with anti‐HBe (median [IQR], 210 [197–222]) (P = 0.002, CI: −96.46 to 51.21). However, those with HIV mono‐infection had similar CD4+ counts (median [IQR], 57 [14–159]) compared to those with HBeAg (P = 1.0, CI: −71.75 to 73.66). Similar results were obtained if CD4+ count was measured within 2 months prior to initiation of HAART (n = 119). Generally, HBV and anti‐HCV did not affect CD4+ and viral loads of HIV‐1 in plasma but patients with HIV and HBV co‐infection who had HBeAg had more severe immune suppression as compared to those with anti‐HBe. This may have implication for initiating HAART in HBV endemic areas. J. Med. Virol. 84:6–10, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>6.391</score><pdfVersion>1.3</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>594 x 792 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><abstractCharCount>1571</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>3391</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>20542</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>5</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>256</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Prevalence and impact of hepatitis B and C virus co‐infections in antiretroviral treatment naïve patients with HIV infection at a major treatment center in Ghana</title><genre><json:string>article</json:string></genre><host><title>Journal of Medical Virology</title><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><doi><json:string>10.1002/(ISSN)1096-9071</json:string></doi><issn><json:string>0146-6615</json:string></issn><eissn><json:string>1096-9071</json:string></eissn><publisherId><json:string>JMV</json:string></publisherId><volume>84</volume><issue>1</issue><pages><first>6</first><last>10</last><total>5</total></pages><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre><subject><json:item><value>Research Article</value></json:item></subject></host><categories><wos><json:string>science</json:string><json:string>virology</json:string></wos><scienceMetrix><json:string>health sciences</json:string><json:string>biomedical research</json:string><json:string>virology</json:string></scienceMetrix><inist><json:string>sciences appliquees, technologies et medecines</json:string><json:string>sciences biologiques et medicales</json:string><json:string>sciences medicales</json:string><json:string>nephrologie. maladies des voies urinaires</json:string></inist></categories><publicationDate>2012</publicationDate><copyrightDate>2012</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1002/jmv.22262</json:string></doi><id>D8F60EE30E7B640FE6D29FA7E99D47FBB6B67536</id><score>1</score><fulltext><json:item><extension>pdf</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/D8F60EE30E7B640FE6D29FA7E99D47FBB6B67536/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><extension>zip</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/D8F60EE30E7B640FE6D29FA7E99D47FBB6B67536/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/D8F60EE30E7B640FE6D29FA7E99D47FBB6B67536/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Prevalence and impact of hepatitis B and C virus co‐infections in antiretroviral treatment naïve patients with HIV infection at a major treatment center in Ghana</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><publisher>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisher><pubPlace>Hoboken</pubPlace><availability><licence>Copyright © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</licence></availability><date type="published" when="2012-01"></date></publicationStmt><notesStmt><note type="content-type" subtype="article" source="article" scheme="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-6N5SZHKN-D">article</note><note type="publication-type" subtype="journal" scheme="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/JMC-0GLKJH51-B">journal</note></notesStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="article"><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Prevalence and impact of hepatitis B and C virus co‐infections in antiretroviral treatment naïve patients with HIV infection at a major treatment center in Ghana</title><title level="a" type="short" xml:lang="en">HIV and Hepatitis Virus Co‐Infections in Ghana</title><author xml:id="author-0000" role="corresp"><persName><forename type="first">Kwamena William Coleman</forename><surname>Sagoe</surname></persName><email>kwcsagoe@chs.edu.gh kwamenas@hotmail.com</email><affiliation>Clinical Virology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana<address><country key="GH"></country></address></affiliation><affiliation>P.O. Box 4236, Accra, Ghana.===</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0001"><persName><forename type="first">Afrakoma Adjoa</forename><surname>Agyei</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Medicine, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana<address><country key="GH"></country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0002"><persName><forename type="first">Francesca</forename><surname>Ziga</surname></persName><affiliation>Pharmacy Department, Korle‐Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana<address><country key="GH"></country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0003"><persName><forename type="first">Margaret</forename><surname>Lartey</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Medicine, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana<address><country key="GH"></country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0004"><persName><forename type="first">Theophilus K.</forename><surname>Adiku</surname></persName><affiliation>Clinical Virology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana<address><country key="GH"></country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0005"><persName><forename type="first">Makafui</forename><surname>Seshi</surname></persName><affiliation>Clinical Virology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana<address><country key="GH"></country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0006"><persName><forename type="first">Max Q.</forename><surname>Arens</surname></persName><affiliation>Retrovirus Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, Missouri<address><country key="US"></country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0007"><persName><forename type="first">Julius Abraham Addo</forename><surname>Mingle</surname></persName><affiliation>Clinical Virology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana<address><country key="GH"></country></address></affiliation></author><idno type="istex">D8F60EE30E7B640FE6D29FA7E99D47FBB6B67536</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1002/jmv.22262</idno><idno type="unit">JMV22262</idno><idno type="toTypesetVersion">file:JMV.JMV22262.pdf</idno></analytic><monogr><title level="j" type="main">Journal of Medical Virology</title><title level="j" type="alt">JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY</title><idno type="pISSN">0146-6615</idno><idno type="eISSN">1096-9071</idno><idno type="book-DOI">10.1002/(ISSN)1096-9071</idno><idno type="book-part-DOI">10.1002/jmv.v84.1</idno><idno type="product">JMV</idno><imprint><biblScope unit="vol">84</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">1</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="6">6</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="10">10</biblScope><biblScope unit="page-count">5</biblScope><publisher>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisher><pubPlace>Hoboken</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2012-01"></date></imprint></monogr></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><abstract xml:lang="en" style="main"><head>Abstract</head><p>Data on the effects of the presence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) in patients co‐infected with these viruses and HIV in West Africa are conflicting and little information is available in Ghana. A cohort of 138 treatment naïve individuals infected with HIV was screened for HBV and HCV serologic markers; HBsAg positive patients were tested for HBeAg, anti‐HBe, and anti‐HBc IgM. The viral load of HIV‐1 in the plasma was determined in 81 patients. Eighteen of the 138 patients (13%) and 5 (3.6%) had HBsAg and anti‐HCV, respectively. None of the patients had anti‐HBc IgM, but 10 (55.6%) and 8 (44.4%) of the 18 patients who were HBsAg positive had HBeAg and anti‐HBe, respectively. In patients with measurement of CD4<hi rend="superscript">+</hi> undertaken within 1 month (n = 83), CD4<hi rend="superscript">+</hi> count was significantly lower in patients with HBeAg (median [IQR], 81 [22–144]) as compared to those with anti‐HBe (median [IQR], 210 [197–222]) (<hi rend="italic">P</hi> = 0.002, CI: −96.46 to 51.21). However, those with HIV mono‐infection had similar CD4<hi rend="superscript">+</hi> counts (median [IQR], 57 [14–159]) compared to those with HBeAg (<hi rend="italic">P</hi> = 1.0, CI: −71.75 to 73.66). Similar results were obtained if CD4<hi rend="superscript">+</hi> count was measured within 2 months prior to initiation of HAART (n = 119). Generally, HBV and anti‐HCV did not affect CD4<hi rend="superscript">+</hi> and viral loads of HIV‐1 in plasma but patients with HIV and HBV co‐infection who had HBeAg had more severe immune suppression as compared to those with anti‐HBe. This may have implication for initiating HAART in HBV endemic areas. J. Med. Virol. 84:6–10, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</p></abstract><textClass><keywords xml:lang="en"><term xml:id="kwd1">HIV</term><term xml:id="kwd2">CD4<hi rend="superscript">+</hi></term><term xml:id="kwd3">viral load</term><term xml:id="kwd4">hepatitis viruses</term><term xml:id="kwd5">Ghana</term></keywords><classCode scheme="articleCategory">Research Article</classCode><classCode scheme="tocHeading1">Research Articles</classCode></textClass><langUsage><language ident="EN"></language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/D8F60EE30E7B640FE6D29FA7E99D47FBB6B67536/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component version="2.0" type="serialArticle" xml:lang="en"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><publisherInfo><publisherName>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisherName><publisherLoc>Hoboken</publisherLoc></publisherInfo><doi registered="yes">10.1002/(ISSN)1096-9071</doi><issn type="print">0146-6615</issn><issn type="electronic">1096-9071</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="JMV"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" xml:lang="en" sort="JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY">Journal of Medical Virology</title><title type="short">J. Med. Virol.</title></titleGroup></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="part" position="10"><doi origin="wiley" registered="yes">10.1002/jmv.v84.1</doi><numberingGroup><numbering type="journalVolume" number="84">84</numbering><numbering type="journalIssue">1</numbering></numberingGroup><coverDate startDate="2012-01">January 2012</coverDate></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="unit" type="article" position="20" status="forIssue"><doi origin="wiley" registered="yes">10.1002/jmv.22262</doi><idGroup><id type="unit" value="JMV22262"></id></idGroup><countGroup><count type="pageTotal" number="5"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="articleCategory">Research Article</title><title type="tocHeading1">Research Articles</title></titleGroup><copyright ownership="publisher">Copyright © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</copyright><eventGroup><event type="manuscriptAccepted" date="2011-09-26"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:JWSART34_TO_WML3G version:3.0 mode:FullText" date="2011-11-15"></event><event type="firstOnline" date="2011-11-16"></event><event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2011-11-16"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WILEY_ML3G_TO_WILEY_ML3GV2 version:4.0.1" date="2014-03-20"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.3.4 mode:FullText" date="2015-02-24"></event></eventGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="pageFirst">6</numbering><numbering type="pageLast">10</numbering></numberingGroup><correspondenceTo>P.O. Box 4236, Accra, Ghana.===</correspondenceTo><linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:JMV.JMV22262.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><countGroup><count type="figureTotal" number="0"></count><count type="tableTotal" number="1"></count><count type="referenceTotal" number="26"></count><count type="wordTotal" number="3782"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" xml:lang="en">Prevalence and impact of hepatitis B and C virus co‐infections in antiretroviral treatment naïve patients with HIV infection at a major treatment center in Ghana</title><title type="short" xml:lang="en">HIV and Hepatitis Virus Co‐Infections in Ghana</title></titleGroup><creators><creator xml:id="au1" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af1" corresponding="yes"><personName><givenNames>Kwamena William Coleman</givenNames><familyName>Sagoe</familyName></personName><contactDetails><email>kwcsagoe@chs.edu.gh</email><email>kwamenas@hotmail.com</email></contactDetails></creator><creator xml:id="au2" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af2"><personName><givenNames>Afrakoma Adjoa</givenNames><familyName>Agyei</familyName></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au3" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af3"><personName><givenNames>Francesca</givenNames><familyName>Ziga</familyName></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au4" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af2"><personName><givenNames>Margaret</givenNames><familyName>Lartey</familyName></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au5" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af1"><personName><givenNames>Theophilus K.</givenNames><familyName>Adiku</familyName></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au6" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af1"><personName><givenNames>Makafui</givenNames><familyName>Seshi</familyName></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au7" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af4"><personName><givenNames>Max Q.</givenNames><familyName>Arens</familyName></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au8" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af1"><personName><givenNames>Julius Abraham Addo</givenNames><familyName>Mingle</familyName></personName></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation xml:id="af1" countryCode="GH" type="organization"><unparsedAffiliation>Clinical Virology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="af2" countryCode="GH" type="organization"><unparsedAffiliation>Department of Medicine, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="af3" countryCode="GH" type="organization"><unparsedAffiliation>Pharmacy Department, Korle‐Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="af4" countryCode="US" type="organization"><unparsedAffiliation>Retrovirus Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, Missouri</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation></affiliationGroup><keywordGroup xml:lang="en" type="author"><keyword xml:id="kwd1">HIV</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd2">CD4<sup>+</sup></keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd3">viral load</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd4">hepatitis viruses</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd5">Ghana</keyword></keywordGroup><abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:lang="en"><title type="main">Abstract</title><p>Data on the effects of the presence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) in patients co‐infected with these viruses and HIV in West Africa are conflicting and little information is available in Ghana. A cohort of 138 treatment naïve individuals infected with HIV was screened for HBV and HCV serologic markers; HBsAg positive patients were tested for HBeAg, anti‐HBe, and anti‐HBc IgM. The viral load of HIV‐1 in the plasma was determined in 81 patients. Eighteen of the 138 patients (13%) and 5 (3.6%) had HBsAg and anti‐HCV, respectively. None of the patients had anti‐HBc IgM, but 10 (55.6%) and 8 (44.4%) of the 18 patients who were HBsAg positive had HBeAg and anti‐HBe, respectively. In patients with measurement of CD4<sup>+</sup> undertaken within 1 month (n = 83), CD4<sup>+</sup> count was significantly lower in patients with HBeAg (median [IQR], 81 [22–144]) as compared to those with anti‐HBe (median [IQR], 210 [197–222]) (<i>P</i> = 0.002, CI: −96.46 to 51.21). However, those with HIV mono‐infection had similar CD4<sup>+</sup> counts (median [IQR], 57 [14–159]) compared to those with HBeAg (<i>P</i> = 1.0, CI: −71.75 to 73.66). Similar results were obtained if CD4<sup>+</sup> count was measured within 2 months prior to initiation of HAART (n = 119). Generally, HBV and anti‐HCV did not affect CD4<sup>+</sup> and viral loads of HIV‐1 in plasma but patients with HIV and HBV co‐infection who had HBeAg had more severe immune suppression as compared to those with anti‐HBe. This may have implication for initiating HAART in HBV endemic areas. J. Med. Virol. 84:6–10, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Prevalence and impact of hepatitis B and C virus co‐infections in antiretroviral treatment naïve patients with HIV infection at a major treatment center in Ghana</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated" lang="en"><title>HIV and Hepatitis Virus Co‐Infections in Ghana</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Prevalence and impact of hepatitis B and C virus co‐infections in antiretroviral treatment naïve patients with HIV infection at a major treatment center in Ghana</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Kwamena William Coleman</namePart><namePart type="family">Sagoe</namePart><affiliation>Clinical Virology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana</affiliation><affiliation>P.O. Box 4236, Accra, Ghana.===</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Afrakoma Adjoa</namePart><namePart type="family">Agyei</namePart><affiliation>Department of Medicine, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Francesca</namePart><namePart type="family">Ziga</namePart><affiliation>Pharmacy Department, Korle‐Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Margaret</namePart><namePart type="family">Lartey</namePart><affiliation>Department of Medicine, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Theophilus K.</namePart><namePart type="family">Adiku</namePart><affiliation>Clinical Virology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Makafui</namePart><namePart type="family">Seshi</namePart><affiliation>Clinical Virology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Max Q.</namePart><namePart type="family">Arens</namePart><affiliation>Retrovirus Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, Missouri</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Julius Abraham Addo</namePart><namePart type="family">Mingle</namePart><affiliation>Clinical Virology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisher><place><placeTerm type="text">Hoboken</placeTerm></place><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2012-01</dateIssued><dateValid encoding="w3cdtf">2011-09-26</dateValid><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2012</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType><extent unit="tables">1</extent><extent unit="references">26</extent><extent unit="words">3782</extent></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">Data on the effects of the presence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) in patients co‐infected with these viruses and HIV in West Africa are conflicting and little information is available in Ghana. A cohort of 138 treatment naïve individuals infected with HIV was screened for HBV and HCV serologic markers; HBsAg positive patients were tested for HBeAg, anti‐HBe, and anti‐HBc IgM. The viral load of HIV‐1 in the plasma was determined in 81 patients. Eighteen of the 138 patients (13%) and 5 (3.6%) had HBsAg and anti‐HCV, respectively. None of the patients had anti‐HBc IgM, but 10 (55.6%) and 8 (44.4%) of the 18 patients who were HBsAg positive had HBeAg and anti‐HBe, respectively. In patients with measurement of CD4+ undertaken within 1 month (n = 83), CD4+ count was significantly lower in patients with HBeAg (median [IQR], 81 [22–144]) as compared to those with anti‐HBe (median [IQR], 210 [197–222]) (P = 0.002, CI: −96.46 to 51.21). However, those with HIV mono‐infection had similar CD4+ counts (median [IQR], 57 [14–159]) compared to those with HBeAg (P = 1.0, CI: −71.75 to 73.66). Similar results were obtained if CD4+ count was measured within 2 months prior to initiation of HAART (n = 119). Generally, HBV and anti‐HCV did not affect CD4+ and viral loads of HIV‐1 in plasma but patients with HIV and HBV co‐infection who had HBeAg had more severe immune suppression as compared to those with anti‐HBe. This may have implication for initiating HAART in HBV endemic areas. J. Med. Virol. 84:6–10, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</abstract><subject lang="en"><genre>keywords</genre><topic>HIV</topic><topic>CD4+</topic><topic>viral load</topic><topic>hepatitis viruses</topic><topic>Ghana</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Journal of Medical Virology</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>J. Med. 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