Sociology and behaviour of West African blood donors: the impact of religion on human immunodeficiency virus infection
Identifieur interne : 000053 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 000052; suivant : 000054Sociology and behaviour of West African blood donors: the impact of religion on human immunodeficiency virus infection
Auteurs : J. Allain ; M. Anokwa ; A. Casbard ; S. Owusu-Ofori ; J. Dennis-AntwiSource :
- Vox Sanguinis [ 0042-9007 ] ; 2004-11.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Allain, Behaviour, Blackwell publishing, Blood centre, Blood donors, Blood safety, Borderline evidence, Candidate blood donors, Candidate donors, Christian denominations, Christian group, Church attendance, Condom, Control group, Control groups, Deferral, Donor, Donor care programme, Formal church role, Ghana, High level, Higher level, Holy temple, Human virus, Male circumcision, Muslim, Muslim controls, Nurse counsellor, Odds ratio, Other factors, Pentecostal churches, Prevalence, Prevalence rate, Protective effect, Regular relationship, Religious beliefs, Religious communities, Religious community, Religious group, Replacement donors, Report condom, Rural senegal, Rural uganda, Sanguinis, Sexual activity, Sexual behaviour, Sexual education, Sexual history, Sexual intercourse, Sexual partners, Sexual practice, Statistical analysis, Teenage pregnancy, Total donors, Univariate analysis, Viral markers, West africa, West african blood donors.
- Teeft :
- Allain, Behaviour, Blackwell publishing, Blood centre, Blood donors, Blood safety, Borderline evidence, Candidate blood donors, Candidate donors, Christian denominations, Christian group, Church attendance, Condom, Control group, Control groups, Deferral, Donor, Donor care programme, Formal church role, Ghana, High level, Higher level, Holy temple, Human virus, Male circumcision, Muslim, Muslim controls, Nurse counsellor, Odds ratio, Other factors, Pentecostal churches, Prevalence, Prevalence rate, Protective effect, Regular relationship, Religious beliefs, Religious communities, Religious community, Religious group, Replacement donors, Report condom, Rural senegal, Rural uganda, Sanguinis, Sexual activity, Sexual behaviour, Sexual education, Sexual history, Sexual intercourse, Sexual partners, Sexual practice, Statistical analysis, Teenage pregnancy, Total donors, Univariate analysis, Viral markers, West africa, West african blood donors.
Abstract
Background and Objectives Ghana is one of the countries of sub‐Saharan Africa where the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence in blood donors ranges between 1 and 4%. Considering the social importance of religion and the very high level of religious practice observed in Ghana, the hypothesis that these factors may play a role in containing HIV was tested.
Url:
DOI: 10.1111/j.1423-0410.2004.00578.x
Links to Exploration step
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<front><div type="abstract">Background and Objectives Ghana is one of the countries of sub‐Saharan Africa where the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence in blood donors ranges between 1 and 4%. Considering the social importance of religion and the very high level of religious practice observed in Ghana, the hypothesis that these factors may play a role in containing HIV was tested.</div>
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<affiliation>Correspondence: J.‐P. Allain, Cambridge Blood Centre, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 2PT, UK
E‐mail: jpa1000@cam.ac.uk</affiliation>
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<profileDesc><abstract xml:lang="en" style="main"><p><hi rend="bold">Background and Objectives </hi>
Ghana is one of the countries of sub‐Saharan Africa where the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence in blood donors ranges between 1 and 4%. Considering the social importance of religion and the very high level of religious practice observed in Ghana, the hypothesis that these factors may play a role in containing HIV was tested.</p>
<p><hi rend="bold">Materials and Methods </hi>
Consenting HIV‐infected candidate blood donors, and two age‐ and gender‐matched seronegative control donors, were asked to complete a questionnaire regarding their religious and sexual behaviour. Multivariable conditional logistic regression was used.</p>
<p><hi rend="bold">Results </hi>
Irrespective of their HIV status or religion, 95% of the respondents believed that extra‐marital sex was a sin, and 79% of those tempted to have an extra‐marital affair considered that their religious beliefs helped them to abstain. In the multivariable models, having a formal role in church activities was associated with reduced odds of HIV [odds ratio (OR) = 0·41; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0·21–0·80]. Worshipping at the same location for more than 20 years was associated with a reduced risk (OR = 0·30; 95% CI: 0·08–1·10). In addition to other factors limiting HIV spread, such as male circumcision, relatively high level of education and an absence of armed conflicts in Ghana, the use of condoms conferred a reduced risk.</p>
<p><hi rend="bold">Conclusions </hi>
An active role in religion, and reporting a lengthy duration of worship at the same place was beneficial. Collecting blood at places of worship with a strict behavioural code and from donors practicing in the community of their birth might improve blood safety.</p>
</abstract>
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<titleGroup><title type="main" sort="VOX SANGUINIS">Vox Sanguinis</title>
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<titleGroup><title type="tocHeading1">Transfusion‐Transmitted Disease and its Prevention</title>
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<correspondenceTo><i>Correspondence</i>
: J.‐P. Allain, Cambridge Blood Centre, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 2PT, UK
E‐mail: <email>jpa1000@cam.ac.uk</email>
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<contentMeta><unparsedEditorialHistory>Received: 20 July 2004, revised 18 August 2004, accepted 19 August 2004</unparsedEditorialHistory>
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<titleGroup><title type="main">Sociology and behaviour of West African blood donors: the impact of religion on human immunodeficiency virus infection</title>
<title type="shortAuthors">J.‐P. Allain <i>et al.</i>
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<title type="short">West African blood donors and HIV infection</title>
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<creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr2" affiliationRef="#a2"><personName><givenNames>M.</givenNames>
<familyName>Anokwa</familyName>
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<familyName>Casbard</familyName>
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<creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr4" affiliationRef="#a2"><personName><givenNames>S.</givenNames>
<familyName>Owusu‐Ofori</familyName>
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<creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr5" affiliationRef="#a4"><personName><givenNames>J.</givenNames>
<familyName>Dennis‐Antwi</familyName>
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<affiliationGroup><affiliation xml:id="a1" countryCode="GB"><unparsedAffiliation>Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK</unparsedAffiliation>
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<affiliation xml:id="a2" countryCode="GH"><unparsedAffiliation>Transfusion Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, Kumasi, Ghana</unparsedAffiliation>
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<affiliation xml:id="a3" countryCode="GB"><unparsedAffiliation>MRC Clinical Trials Unit, London, UK</unparsedAffiliation>
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<affiliation xml:id="a4" countryCode="GH"><unparsedAffiliation>National Health Learning Materials Centre (Kumasi Health Education Unit), Ghana Health Service, Kumasi, Ghana</unparsedAffiliation>
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<keywordGroup xml:lang="en"><keyword xml:id="k1">HIV</keyword>
<keyword xml:id="k2">blood donors</keyword>
<keyword xml:id="k3">religion</keyword>
<keyword xml:id="k4">West Africa</keyword>
<keyword xml:id="k5">Ghana</keyword>
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<abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:lang="en"><p><b>Background and Objectives </b>
Ghana is one of the countries of sub‐Saharan Africa where the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence in blood donors ranges between 1 and 4%. Considering the social importance of religion and the very high level of religious practice observed in Ghana, the hypothesis that these factors may play a role in containing HIV was tested.</p>
<p><b>Materials and Methods </b>
Consenting HIV‐infected candidate blood donors, and two age‐ and gender‐matched seronegative control donors, were asked to complete a questionnaire regarding their religious and sexual behaviour. Multivariable conditional logistic regression was used.</p>
<p><b>Results </b>
Irrespective of their HIV status or religion, 95% of the respondents believed that extra‐marital sex was a sin, and 79% of those tempted to have an extra‐marital affair considered that their religious beliefs helped them to abstain. In the multivariable models, having a formal role in church activities was associated with reduced odds of HIV [odds ratio (OR) = 0·41; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0·21–0·80]. Worshipping at the same location for more than 20 years was associated with a reduced risk (OR = 0·30; 95% CI: 0·08–1·10). In addition to other factors limiting HIV spread, such as male circumcision, relatively high level of education and an absence of armed conflicts in Ghana, the use of condoms conferred a reduced risk.</p>
<p><b>Conclusions </b>
An active role in religion, and reporting a lengthy duration of worship at the same place was beneficial. Collecting blood at places of worship with a strict behavioural code and from donors practicing in the community of their birth might improve blood safety.</p>
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<affiliation>Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK</affiliation>
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<affiliation>Transfusion Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, Kumasi, Ghana</affiliation>
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<name type="personal"><namePart type="given">J.</namePart>
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<abstract>Background and Objectives Ghana is one of the countries of sub‐Saharan Africa where the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence in blood donors ranges between 1 and 4%. Considering the social importance of religion and the very high level of religious practice observed in Ghana, the hypothesis that these factors may play a role in containing HIV was tested.</abstract>
<abstract>Materials and Methods Consenting HIV‐infected candidate blood donors, and two age‐ and gender‐matched seronegative control donors, were asked to complete a questionnaire regarding their religious and sexual behaviour. Multivariable conditional logistic regression was used.</abstract>
<abstract>Results Irrespective of their HIV status or religion, 95% of the respondents believed that extra‐marital sex was a sin, and 79% of those tempted to have an extra‐marital affair considered that their religious beliefs helped them to abstain. In the multivariable models, having a formal role in church activities was associated with reduced odds of HIV [odds ratio (OR) = 0·41; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0·21–0·80]. Worshipping at the same location for more than 20 years was associated with a reduced risk (OR = 0·30; 95% CI: 0·08–1·10). In addition to other factors limiting HIV spread, such as male circumcision, relatively high level of education and an absence of armed conflicts in Ghana, the use of condoms conferred a reduced risk.</abstract>
<abstract>Conclusions An active role in religion, and reporting a lengthy duration of worship at the same place was beneficial. Collecting blood at places of worship with a strict behavioural code and from donors practicing in the community of their birth might improve blood safety.</abstract>
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