Isolation and characterization of a highly divergent HIV-2[GH-2]: Generation of an infectious molecular clone and functional analysis of its rev-responsive element in response to primate retrovirus transactivators (rev and rex)
Identifieur interne : 000014 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 000013; suivant : 000015Isolation and characterization of a highly divergent HIV-2[GH-2]: Generation of an infectious molecular clone and functional analysis of its rev-responsive element in response to primate retrovirus transactivators (rev and rex)
Auteurs : Meiko Kawamura ; Jun Katahira ; Masashi Fukasawa ; Jun-Ichi Sakuragi ; Koh-Ichi Ishikawa ; Masuyo Nakai ; Julius A. A. Mingle ; Mubarak Osei-Kwasi ; Victor B. A. Netty ; Hirofumi Akari ; Osamu Hishida ; Keizo Tomonaga ; Tomoyuki Miura ; Masanori HayamiSource :
- Virology [ 0042-6822 ] ; 1992.
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Abstract
A highly divergent HIV-2 designated as HIV-2[GH-2] was obtained from an AIDS-related complex (ARC) patient in Ghana. A full-length molecular clone of this isolate was obtained and a biologically active clone was constructed. Its restriction pattern differed from that of prototype HIV-2[GH-1 ] in 25 of 35 restriction sites, but was strikingly similarto a previously characterized HIV-2 isolate from a Ghanaian (HIV-2ALT). The conserved integrase region (288-bp fragment) previously displayed 95% identity with that of ALT but 17–20% divergence from the HIV-2 prototype member, and a new distinct subgroup (HIV-2b) of HIV-2 consisting of GH-2 and ALT was postulated (Miura et al. 1991.) These isolates, however, were biologically distinguishable from each other by its replication capacity in a monocyte line, U937, in which GH-2 could not grow but ALT grew well. In addition, the nucleotide sequence of the LTR of this new isolate displays 21% divergence from that of prototype HIV-2[GH-1], but the core enhancer, Spl binding sites and TATA box were conserved. Although the 3' half of the env gene sequence which is deleted in HIV-2ALT clone showed 27% diversity from the prototype, functional differences in the rev-responsive element were not observed.
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DOI: 10.1016/0042-6822(92)90540-6
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A." last="Mingle">Julius A. A. Mingle</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Osei Kwasi, Mubarak" sort="Osei Kwasi, Mubarak" uniqKey="Osei Kwasi M" first="Mubarak" last="Osei-Kwasi">Mubarak Osei-Kwasi</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Netty, Victor B A" sort="Netty, Victor B A" uniqKey="Netty V" first="Victor B. A." last="Netty">Victor B. A. Netty</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>St. Joseph Hospital, Koforidua, Ghana</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Akari, Hirofumi" sort="Akari, Hirofumi" uniqKey="Akari H" first="Hirofumi" last="Akari">Hirofumi Akari</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Research Center for Immunodeficiency Virus, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606, Japan</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hishida, Osamu" sort="Hishida, Osamu" uniqKey="Hishida O" first="Osamu" last="Hishida">Osamu Hishida</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Research Center for Immunodeficiency Virus, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606, Japan</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tomonaga, Keizo" sort="Tomonaga, Keizo" uniqKey="Tomonaga K" first="Keizo" last="Tomonaga">Keizo Tomonaga</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Research Center for Immunodeficiency Virus, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606, Japan</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Miura, Tomoyuki" sort="Miura, Tomoyuki" uniqKey="Miura T" first="Tomoyuki" last="Miura">Tomoyuki Miura</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Research Center for Immunodeficiency Virus, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606, Japan</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hayami, Masanori" sort="Hayami, Masanori" uniqKey="Hayami M" first="Masanori" last="Hayami">Masanori Hayami</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>To whom reprint requests should be addressed.</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Research Center for Immunodeficiency Virus, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606, Japan</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Virology</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">YVIRO</title><idno type="ISSN">0042-6822</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="1992">1992</date><biblScope unit="volume">188</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">2</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="850">850</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="853">853</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0042-6822</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0042-6822</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Binding sites</term><term>Clone</term><term>Effector plasmid</term><term>Hayami</term><term>Kyoto university</term><term>Molecular clone</term><term>Nucleotide sequence</term><term>Plasmid</term><term>Prototype</term><term>Proviral structure</term><term>Replication capacity</term><term>Sakai</term><term>Sequence data</term><term>Sequence database</term><term>Sequence diversity</term><term>Viral</term><term>Virus research</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Teeft" xml:lang="en"><term>Binding sites</term><term>Clone</term><term>Effector plasmid</term><term>Hayami</term><term>Kyoto university</term><term>Molecular clone</term><term>Nucleotide sequence</term><term>Plasmid</term><term>Prototype</term><term>Proviral structure</term><term>Replication capacity</term><term>Sakai</term><term>Sequence data</term><term>Sequence database</term><term>Sequence diversity</term><term>Viral</term><term>Virus research</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">A highly divergent HIV-2 designated as HIV-2[GH-2] was obtained from an AIDS-related complex (ARC) patient in Ghana. A full-length molecular clone of this isolate was obtained and a biologically active clone was constructed. Its restriction pattern differed from that of prototype HIV-2[GH-1 ] in 25 of 35 restriction sites, but was strikingly similarto a previously characterized HIV-2 isolate from a Ghanaian (HIV-2ALT). The conserved integrase region (288-bp fragment) previously displayed 95% identity with that of ALT but 17–20% divergence from the HIV-2 prototype member, and a new distinct subgroup (HIV-2b) of HIV-2 consisting of GH-2 and ALT was postulated (Miura et al. 1991.) These isolates, however, were biologically distinguishable from each other by its replication capacity in a monocyte line, U937, in which GH-2 could not grow but ALT grew well. In addition, the nucleotide sequence of the LTR of this new isolate displays 21% divergence from that of prototype HIV-2[GH-1], but the core enhancer, Spl binding sites and TATA box were conserved. Although the 3' half of the env gene sequence which is deleted in HIV-2ALT clone showed 27% diversity from the prototype, functional differences in the rev-responsive element were not observed.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>elsevier</corpusName><keywords><teeft><json:string>clone</json:string><json:string>viral</json:string><json:string>plasmid</json:string><json:string>sakai</json:string><json:string>hayami</json:string><json:string>molecular clone</json:string><json:string>proviral structure</json:string><json:string>nucleotide sequence</json:string><json:string>binding sites</json:string><json:string>kyoto university</json:string><json:string>sequence database</json:string><json:string>replication capacity</json:string><json:string>virus research</json:string><json:string>sequence data</json:string><json:string>sequence diversity</json:string><json:string>effector plasmid</json:string><json:string>prototype</json:string></teeft></keywords><author><json:item><name>Meiko Kawamura</name><affiliations><json:string>Research Center for Immunodeficiency Virus, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606, Japan</json:string><json:string>1Present address: Department of Viral Infection, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Jun Katahira</name><affiliations><json:string>Research Center for Immunodeficiency Virus, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606, Japan</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Masashi Fukasawa</name><affiliations><json:string>Research Center for Immunodeficiency Virus, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606, Japan</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Jun-Ichi Sakuragi</name><affiliations><json:string>Research Center for Immunodeficiency Virus, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606, Japan</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Koh-Ichi Ishikawa</name><affiliations><json:string>Institute for Public Health, Yamanashi, Japan</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Masuyo Nakai</name><affiliations><json:string>Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Julius A.A. Mingle</name><affiliations><json:string>Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Mubarak Osei-Kwasi</name><affiliations><json:string>Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Victor B.A. Netty</name><affiliations><json:string>St. Joseph Hospital, Koforidua, Ghana</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Hirofumi Akari</name><affiliations><json:string>Research Center for Immunodeficiency Virus, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606, Japan</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Osamu Hishida</name><affiliations><json:string>Research Center for Immunodeficiency Virus, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606, Japan</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Keizo Tomonaga</name><affiliations><json:string>Research Center for Immunodeficiency Virus, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606, Japan</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Tomoyuki Miura</name><affiliations><json:string>Research Center for Immunodeficiency Virus, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606, Japan</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Masanori Hayami</name><affiliations><json:string>To whom reprint requests should be addressed.</json:string><json:string>Research Center for Immunodeficiency Virus, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606, Japan</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>Short communication</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>A highly divergent HIV-2 designated as HIV-2[GH-2] was obtained from an AIDS-related complex (ARC) patient in Ghana. A full-length molecular clone of this isolate was obtained and a biologically active clone was constructed. Its restriction pattern differed from that of prototype HIV-2[GH-1 ] in 25 of 35 restriction sites, but was strikingly similarto a previously characterized HIV-2 isolate from a Ghanaian (HIV-2ALT). The conserved integrase region (288-bp fragment) previously displayed 95% identity with that of ALT but 17–20% divergence from the HIV-2 prototype member, and a new distinct subgroup (HIV-2b) of HIV-2 consisting of GH-2 and ALT was postulated (Miura et al. 1991.) These isolates, however, were biologically distinguishable from each other by its replication capacity in a monocyte line, U937, in which GH-2 could not grow but ALT grew well. In addition, the nucleotide sequence of the LTR of this new isolate displays 21% divergence from that of prototype HIV-2[GH-1], but the core enhancer, Spl binding sites and TATA box were conserved. Although the 3' half of the env gene sequence which is deleted in HIV-2ALT clone showed 27% diversity from the prototype, functional differences in the rev-responsive element were not observed.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>4.575</score><pdfVersion>1.3</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>612 x 792 pts (letter)</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><keywordCount>0</keywordCount><abstractCharCount>1255</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>2259</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>14094</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>4</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>193</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Isolation and characterization of a highly divergent HIV-2[GH-2]: Generation of an infectious molecular clone and functional analysis of its rev-responsive element in response to primate retrovirus transactivators (rev and rex)</title><pii><json:string>0042-6822(92)90540-6</json:string></pii><genre><json:string>brief-communication</json:string></genre><host><title>Virology</title><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><publicationDate>1992</publicationDate><issn><json:string>0042-6822</json:string></issn><pii><json:string>S0042-6822(00)X0433-3</json:string></pii><volume>188</volume><issue>2</issue><pages><first>850</first><last>853</last></pages><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre></host><categories><wos><json:string>science</json:string><json:string>virology</json:string></wos><scienceMetrix><json:string>health sciences</json:string><json:string>biomedical research</json:string><json:string>virology</json:string></scienceMetrix><inist><json:string>sciences appliquees, technologies et medecines</json:string><json:string>sciences biologiques et medicales</json:string><json:string>sciences 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Japan.</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0001"><persName><forename type="first">Jun</forename><surname>Katahira</surname></persName><affiliation>Research Center for Immunodeficiency Virus, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606, Japan</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0002"><persName><forename type="first">Masashi</forename><surname>Fukasawa</surname></persName><affiliation>Research Center for Immunodeficiency Virus, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606, Japan</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0003"><persName><forename type="first">Jun-Ichi</forename><surname>Sakuragi</surname></persName><affiliation>Research Center for Immunodeficiency Virus, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606, Japan</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0004"><persName><forename type="first">Koh-Ichi</forename><surname>Ishikawa</surname></persName><affiliation>Institute for Public Health, Yamanashi, Japan</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0005"><persName><forename type="first">Masuyo</forename><surname>Nakai</surname></persName><affiliation>Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0006"><persName><forename type="first">Julius A.A.</forename><surname>Mingle</surname></persName><affiliation>Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0007"><persName><forename type="first">Mubarak</forename><surname>Osei-Kwasi</surname></persName><affiliation>Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0008"><persName><forename type="first">Victor B.A.</forename><surname>Netty</surname></persName><affiliation>St. Joseph Hospital, Koforidua, Ghana</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0009"><persName><forename type="first">Hirofumi</forename><surname>Akari</surname></persName><affiliation>Research Center for Immunodeficiency Virus, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606, Japan</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0010"><persName><forename type="first">Osamu</forename><surname>Hishida</surname></persName><affiliation>Research Center for Immunodeficiency Virus, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606, Japan</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0011"><persName><forename type="first">Keizo</forename><surname>Tomonaga</surname></persName><affiliation>Research Center for Immunodeficiency Virus, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606, Japan</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0012"><persName><forename type="first">Tomoyuki</forename><surname>Miura</surname></persName><affiliation>Research Center for Immunodeficiency Virus, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606, Japan</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0013"><persName><forename type="first">Masanori</forename><surname>Hayami</surname></persName><affiliation>To whom reprint requests should be addressed.</affiliation><affiliation>Research Center for Immunodeficiency Virus, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606, Japan</affiliation></author><idno type="istex">49C21E1E512D0DCF7C41DFF59AEB320B29D14C38</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1016/0042-6822(92)90540-6</idno><idno type="PII">0042-6822(92)90540-6</idno></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Virology</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">YVIRO</title><idno type="pISSN">0042-6822</idno><idno type="PII">S0042-6822(00)X0433-3</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="1992"></date><biblScope unit="volume">188</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">2</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="850">850</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="853">853</biblScope></imprint></monogr></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>1992</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A highly divergent HIV-2 designated as HIV-2[GH-2] was obtained from an AIDS-related complex (ARC) patient in Ghana. A full-length molecular clone of this isolate was obtained and a biologically active clone was constructed. Its restriction pattern differed from that of prototype HIV-2[GH-1 ] in 25 of 35 restriction sites, but was strikingly similarto a previously characterized HIV-2 isolate from a Ghanaian (HIV-2ALT). The conserved integrase region (288-bp fragment) previously displayed 95% identity with that of ALT but 17–20% divergence from the HIV-2 prototype member, and a new distinct subgroup (HIV-2b) of HIV-2 consisting of GH-2 and ALT was postulated (Miura et al. 1991.) These isolates, however, were biologically distinguishable from each other by its replication capacity in a monocyte line, U937, in which GH-2 could not grow but ALT grew well. In addition, the nucleotide sequence of the LTR of this new isolate displays 21% divergence from that of prototype HIV-2[GH-1], but the core enhancer, Spl binding sites and TATA box were conserved. Although the 3' half of the env gene sequence which is deleted in HIV-2ALT clone showed 27% diversity from the prototype, functional differences in the rev-responsive element were not observed.</p></abstract></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="1992">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/49C21E1E512D0DCF7C41DFF59AEB320B29D14C38/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Elsevier, elements deleted: tail"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:docType PUBLIC="-//ES//DTD journal article DTD version 4.5.2//EN//XML" URI="art452.dtd" name="istex:docType"></istex:docType><istex:document><converted-article version="4.5.2" docsubtype="sco"><item-info><jid>YVIRO</jid><aid>92905406</aid><ce:pii>0042-6822(92)90540-6</ce:pii><ce:doi>10.1016/0042-6822(92)90540-6</ce:doi><ce:copyright type="unknown" year="1992"></ce:copyright></item-info><head><ce:dochead><ce:textfn>Short communication</ce:textfn></ce:dochead><ce:title>Isolation and characterization of a highly divergent HIV-2[GH-2]: Generation of an infectious molecular clone and functional analysis of its rev-responsive element in response to primate retrovirus transactivators (rev and rex)</ce:title><ce:author-group><ce:author><ce:given-name>Meiko</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Kawamura</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>∗</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref><ce:cross-ref refid="FN1"><ce:sup>1</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Jun</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Katahira</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>∗</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Masashi</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Fukasawa</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>∗</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Jun-Ichi</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Sakuragi</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>∗</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Koh-Ichi</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Ishikawa</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF2"><ce:sup>†</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Masuyo</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Nakai</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF3"><ce:sup>‡</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Julius A.A.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Mingle</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF4"><ce:sup>§</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Mubarak</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Osei-Kwasi</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF4"><ce:sup>§</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Victor B.A.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Netty</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF5"><ce:sup>|</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Hirofumi</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Akari</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>∗</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Osamu</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Hishida</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>∗</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Keizo</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Tomonaga</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>∗</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Tomoyuki</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Miura</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>∗</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Masanori</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Hayami</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="COR1"><ce:sup>2</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>∗</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:affiliation id="AFF1"><ce:label>∗</ce:label><ce:textfn>Research Center for Immunodeficiency Virus, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606, Japan</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF2"><ce:label>†</ce:label><ce:textfn>Institute for Public Health, Yamanashi, Japan</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF3"><ce:label>‡</ce:label><ce:textfn>Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF4"><ce:label>§</ce:label><ce:textfn>Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF5"><ce:label>|</ce:label><ce:textfn>St. Joseph Hospital, Koforidua, Ghana</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:correspondence id="COR1"><ce:label>2</ce:label><ce:text>To whom reprint requests should be addressed.</ce:text></ce:correspondence><ce:footnote id="FN1"><ce:label>1</ce:label><ce:note-para>Present address: Department of Viral Infection, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.</ce:note-para></ce:footnote></ce:author-group><ce:date-received day="16" month="9" year="1991"></ce:date-received><ce:date-accepted day="16" month="3" year="1992"></ce:date-accepted><ce:abstract><ce:section-title>Abstract</ce:section-title><ce:abstract-sec><ce:simple-para>A highly divergent HIV-2 designated as HIV-2[GH-2] was obtained from an AIDS-related complex (ARC) patient in Ghana. A full-length molecular clone of this isolate was obtained and a biologically active clone was constructed. Its restriction pattern differed from that of prototype HIV-2[GH-1 ] in 25 of 35 restriction sites, but was strikingly similarto a previously characterized HIV-2 isolate from a Ghanaian (HIV-2<ce:inf>ALT</ce:inf>). The conserved integrase region (288-bp fragment) previously displayed 95% identity with that of ALT but 17–20% divergence from the HIV-2 prototype member, and a new distinct subgroup (HIV-2b) of HIV-2 consisting of GH-2 and ALT was postulated (Miura <ce:italic>et al.</ce:italic> 1991.) These isolates, however, were biologically distinguishable from each other by its replication capacity in a monocyte line, U937, in which GH-2 could not grow but ALT grew well. In addition, the nucleotide sequence of the LTR of this new isolate displays 21% divergence from that of prototype HIV-2[GH-1], but the core enhancer, Spl binding sites and TATA box were conserved. Although the 3' half of the env gene sequence which is deleted in HIV-2<ce:inf>ALT</ce:inf> clone showed 27% diversity from the prototype, functional differences in the rev-responsive element were not observed.</ce:simple-para></ce:abstract-sec></ce:abstract></head></converted-article></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo><title>Isolation and characterization of a highly divergent HIV-2[GH-2]: Generation of an infectious molecular clone and functional analysis of its rev-responsive element in response to primate retrovirus transactivators (rev and rex)</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA"><title>Isolation and characterization of a highly divergent HIV-2[GH-2]: Generation of an infectious molecular clone and functional analysis of its rev-responsive element in response to primate retrovirus transactivators (rev and rex)</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Meiko</namePart><namePart type="family">Kawamura</namePart><affiliation>Research Center for Immunodeficiency Virus, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606, Japan</affiliation><affiliation>1Present address: Department of Viral Infection, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Jun</namePart><namePart type="family">Katahira</namePart><affiliation>Research Center for Immunodeficiency Virus, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606, Japan</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Masashi</namePart><namePart type="family">Fukasawa</namePart><affiliation>Research Center for Immunodeficiency Virus, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606, Japan</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Jun-Ichi</namePart><namePart type="family">Sakuragi</namePart><affiliation>Research Center for Immunodeficiency Virus, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606, Japan</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Koh-Ichi</namePart><namePart type="family">Ishikawa</namePart><affiliation>Institute for Public Health, Yamanashi, Japan</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Masuyo</namePart><namePart type="family">Nakai</namePart><affiliation>Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Julius A.A.</namePart><namePart type="family">Mingle</namePart><affiliation>Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Mubarak</namePart><namePart type="family">Osei-Kwasi</namePart><affiliation>Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Victor B.A.</namePart><namePart type="family">Netty</namePart><affiliation>St. Joseph Hospital, Koforidua, Ghana</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Hirofumi</namePart><namePart type="family">Akari</namePart><affiliation>Research Center for Immunodeficiency Virus, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606, Japan</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Osamu</namePart><namePart type="family">Hishida</namePart><affiliation>Research Center for Immunodeficiency Virus, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606, Japan</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Keizo</namePart><namePart type="family">Tomonaga</namePart><affiliation>Research Center for Immunodeficiency Virus, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606, Japan</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Tomoyuki</namePart><namePart type="family">Miura</namePart><affiliation>Research Center for Immunodeficiency Virus, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606, Japan</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Masanori</namePart><namePart type="family">Hayami</namePart><affiliation>To whom reprint requests should be addressed.</affiliation><affiliation>Research Center for Immunodeficiency Virus, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606, Japan</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="brief-communication" displayLabel="Short communication"></genre><originInfo><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">1992</dateIssued><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">1992</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">A highly divergent HIV-2 designated as HIV-2[GH-2] was obtained from an AIDS-related complex (ARC) patient in Ghana. A full-length molecular clone of this isolate was obtained and a biologically active clone was constructed. Its restriction pattern differed from that of prototype HIV-2[GH-1 ] in 25 of 35 restriction sites, but was strikingly similarto a previously characterized HIV-2 isolate from a Ghanaian (HIV-2ALT). The conserved integrase region (288-bp fragment) previously displayed 95% identity with that of ALT but 17–20% divergence from the HIV-2 prototype member, and a new distinct subgroup (HIV-2b) of HIV-2 consisting of GH-2 and ALT was postulated (Miura et al. 1991.) These isolates, however, were biologically distinguishable from each other by its replication capacity in a monocyte line, U937, in which GH-2 could not grow but ALT grew well. In addition, the nucleotide sequence of the LTR of this new isolate displays 21% divergence from that of prototype HIV-2[GH-1], but the core enhancer, Spl binding sites and TATA box were conserved. Although the 3' half of the env gene sequence which is deleted in HIV-2ALT clone showed 27% diversity from the prototype, functional differences in the rev-responsive element were not observed.</abstract><note type="content">Section title: Short communication</note><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Virology</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>YVIRO</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><originInfo><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">199206</dateIssued></originInfo><identifier type="ISSN">0042-6822</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0042-6822(00)X0433-3</identifier><part><date>199206</date><detail type="volume"><number>188</number><caption>vol.</caption></detail><detail type="issue"><number>2</number><caption>no.</caption></detail><extent unit="issue pages"><start>417</start><end>975</end></extent><extent unit="pages"><start>850</start><end>853</end></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">49C21E1E512D0DCF7C41DFF59AEB320B29D14C38</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1016/0042-6822(92)90540-6</identifier><identifier type="PII">0042-6822(92)90540-6</identifier><recordInfo><recordContentSource>ELSEVIER</recordContentSource></recordInfo></mods></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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