Assessment of the static upright balance index and brain blood oxygen levels as parameters to evaluate pilot workload.
Identifieur interne : 000254 ( Main/Corpus ); précédent : 000253; suivant : 000255Assessment of the static upright balance index and brain blood oxygen levels as parameters to evaluate pilot workload.
Auteurs : Jicheng Sun ; Shan Cheng ; Jin Ma ; Kaiwen Xiong ; Miao Su ; Wendong HuSource :
- PloS one [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2019.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adult (MeSH), Aircraft (MeSH), Area Under Curve (MeSH), Blood Vessels (chemistry), Brain (metabolism), Electroencephalography (MeSH), Fatigue (pathology), Heart Rate (MeSH), Hemoglobins (analysis), Humans (MeSH), Male (MeSH), Oxygen (analysis), Postural Balance (physiology), ROC Curve (MeSH), Workload (MeSH), Young Adult (MeSH).
- MESH :
- chemical , analysis : Hemoglobins, Oxygen.
- chemistry : Blood Vessels.
- metabolism : Brain.
- pathology : Fatigue.
- physiology : Postural Balance.
- Adult, Aircraft, Area Under Curve, Electroencephalography, Heart Rate, Humans, Male, ROC Curve, Workload, Young Adult.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the potential for static upright balance function and brain-blood oxygen parameters to evaluate pilot workload.
METHODS
Phase 1: The NASA Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) was used to compare the workloads of real flights with flight simulator simulated flight tasks in 15 pilots (Cohort 1). Phase 2: To determine the effects of workload, 50 cadets were divided equally into simulated flight task load (experimental) and control groups (Cohort 2). The experimental group underwent 2 h of simulated flight tasks, while the control group rested for 2 h. Their static upright balance function was evaluated using balance index-1 (BI-1), before and after the tasks, with balance system posturography equipment and cerebral blood oxygen parameters monitored with near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in real time. Sternberg dual-task and reaction time tests were performed in the experimental and control groups before and after the simulated flight tasks.
RESULTS
(Phase1) There was a significant correlation between the workload caused by real flight and simulated flight tasks (P<0.01), indicating that NASA-TLX scales were also a tool for measuring workloads of the stimulated flight tasks. (Phase 2) For the simulated flight task experiments, the NASA-TLX total scores were significantly different between the two groups (P<0.001) and (pre-to-post) changes of the BI-1 index were greater in the experimental group than in controls (P<0.001). The cerebral blood oxygen saturation levels (rsO2) (P<0.01) and ΔHb reductions (P<0.05) were significantly higher in the experimental, compared to the control group, during the simulated flight task. In contrast to the control group the error rates (P = 0.002) and accuracy (P<0.001) changed significantly in the experimental group after the simulated flight tasks.
CONCLUSIONS
The simulated flight task model could simulate the real flight task load and static balance and NIRS were useful for evaluating pilots' workload/fatigue.
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214277
PubMed: 30921375
PubMed Central: PMC6438667
Links to Exploration step
pubmed:30921375Le document en format XML
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China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Xiong, Kaiwen" sort="Xiong, Kaiwen" uniqKey="Xiong K" first="Kaiwen" last="Xiong">Kaiwen Xiong</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Deparment of Aerospace Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Su, Miao" sort="Su, Miao" uniqKey="Su M" first="Miao" last="Su">Miao Su</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Deparment of Aerospace Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hu, Wendong" sort="Hu, Wendong" uniqKey="Hu W" first="Wendong" last="Hu">Wendong Hu</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Deparment of Aerospace Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2019">2019</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:30921375</idno><idno 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China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ma, Jin" sort="Ma, Jin" uniqKey="Ma J" first="Jin" last="Ma">Jin Ma</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Deparment of Aerospace Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Xiong, Kaiwen" sort="Xiong, Kaiwen" uniqKey="Xiong K" first="Kaiwen" last="Xiong">Kaiwen Xiong</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Deparment of Aerospace Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Su, Miao" sort="Su, Miao" uniqKey="Su M" first="Miao" last="Su">Miao Su</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Deparment of Aerospace Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hu, Wendong" sort="Hu, Wendong" uniqKey="Hu W" first="Wendong" last="Hu">Wendong Hu</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Deparment of Aerospace Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">PloS one</title><idno type="eISSN">1932-6203</idno><imprint><date when="2019" type="published">2019</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult (MeSH)</term><term>Aircraft (MeSH)</term><term>Area Under Curve (MeSH)</term><term>Blood Vessels (chemistry)</term><term>Brain (metabolism)</term><term>Electroencephalography (MeSH)</term><term>Fatigue (pathology)</term><term>Heart Rate (MeSH)</term><term>Hemoglobins (analysis)</term><term>Humans (MeSH)</term><term>Male (MeSH)</term><term>Oxygen (analysis)</term><term>Postural Balance (physiology)</term><term>ROC Curve (MeSH)</term><term>Workload (MeSH)</term><term>Young Adult (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="analysis" xml:lang="en"><term>Hemoglobins</term><term>Oxygen</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="chemistry" xml:lang="en"><term>Blood Vessels</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en"><term>Brain</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pathology" xml:lang="en"><term>Fatigue</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Postural Balance</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult</term><term>Aircraft</term><term>Area Under Curve</term><term>Electroencephalography</term><term>Heart Rate</term><term>Humans</term><term>Male</term><term>ROC Curve</term><term>Workload</term><term>Young Adult</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>OBJECTIVE</b></p><p>To investigate the potential for static upright balance function and brain-blood oxygen parameters to evaluate pilot workload.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>METHODS</b></p><p>Phase 1: The NASA Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) was used to compare the workloads of real flights with flight simulator simulated flight tasks in 15 pilots (Cohort 1). Phase 2: To determine the effects of workload, 50 cadets were divided equally into simulated flight task load (experimental) and control groups (Cohort 2). The experimental group underwent 2 h of simulated flight tasks, while the control group rested for 2 h. Their static upright balance function was evaluated using balance index-1 (BI-1), before and after the tasks, with balance system posturography equipment and cerebral blood oxygen parameters monitored with near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in real time. Sternberg dual-task and reaction time tests were performed in the experimental and control groups before and after the simulated flight tasks.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>RESULTS</b></p><p>(Phase1) There was a significant correlation between the workload caused by real flight and simulated flight tasks (P<0.01), indicating that NASA-TLX scales were also a tool for measuring workloads of the stimulated flight tasks. (Phase 2) For the simulated flight task experiments, the NASA-TLX total scores were significantly different between the two groups (P<0.001) and (pre-to-post) changes of the BI-1 index were greater in the experimental group than in controls (P<0.001). The cerebral blood oxygen saturation levels (rsO2) (P<0.01) and ΔHb reductions (P<0.05) were significantly higher in the experimental, compared to the control group, during the simulated flight task. In contrast to the control group the error rates (P = 0.002) and accuracy (P<0.001) changed significantly in the experimental group after the simulated flight tasks.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b></p><p>The simulated flight task model could simulate the real flight task load and static balance and NIRS were useful for evaluating pilots' workload/fatigue.</p></div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">30921375</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2019</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>16</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2020</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>09</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic-eCollection"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1932-6203</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>14</Volume><Issue>3</Issue><PubDate><Year>2019</Year></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>PloS one</Title><ISOAbbreviation>PLoS One</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Assessment of the static upright balance index and brain blood oxygen levels as parameters to evaluate pilot workload.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>e0214277</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1371/journal.pone.0214277</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="OBJECTIVE">To investigate the potential for static upright balance function and brain-blood oxygen parameters to evaluate pilot workload.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHODS">Phase 1: The NASA Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) was used to compare the workloads of real flights with flight simulator simulated flight tasks in 15 pilots (Cohort 1). Phase 2: To determine the effects of workload, 50 cadets were divided equally into simulated flight task load (experimental) and control groups (Cohort 2). The experimental group underwent 2 h of simulated flight tasks, while the control group rested for 2 h. Their static upright balance function was evaluated using balance index-1 (BI-1), before and after the tasks, with balance system posturography equipment and cerebral blood oxygen parameters monitored with near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in real time. Sternberg dual-task and reaction time tests were performed in the experimental and control groups before and after the simulated flight tasks.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS">(Phase1) There was a significant correlation between the workload caused by real flight and simulated flight tasks (P<0.01), indicating that NASA-TLX scales were also a tool for measuring workloads of the stimulated flight tasks. (Phase 2) For the simulated flight task experiments, the NASA-TLX total scores were significantly different between the two groups (P<0.001) and (pre-to-post) changes of the BI-1 index were greater in the experimental group than in controls (P<0.001). The cerebral blood oxygen saturation levels (rsO2) (P<0.01) and ΔHb reductions (P<0.05) were significantly higher in the experimental, compared to the control group, during the simulated flight task. In contrast to the control group the error rates (P = 0.002) and accuracy (P<0.001) changed significantly in the experimental group after the simulated flight tasks.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSIONS">The simulated flight task model could simulate the real flight task load and static balance and NIRS were useful for evaluating pilots' workload/fatigue.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sun</LastName><ForeName>Jicheng</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Deparment of Aerospace Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cheng</LastName><ForeName>Shan</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Deparment of Aerospace Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ma</LastName><ForeName>Jin</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Deparment of Aerospace Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Xiong</LastName><ForeName>Kaiwen</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Deparment of Aerospace Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Su</LastName><ForeName>Miao</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Deparment of Aerospace Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hu</LastName><ForeName>Wendong</ForeName><Initials>W</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0002-0616-0545</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Deparment of Aerospace Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2019</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>28</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>PLoS One</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101285081</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1932-6203</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D006454">Hemoglobins</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>9008-02-0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="C100003">deoxyhemoglobin</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>S88TT14065</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance 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MajorTopicYN="N">pathology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006339" MajorTopicYN="N">Heart Rate</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006454" MajorTopicYN="N">Hemoglobins</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000032" MajorTopicYN="N">analysis</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D010100" MajorTopicYN="N">Oxygen</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000032" MajorTopicYN="Y">analysis</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D004856" MajorTopicYN="N">Postural Balance</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="Y">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012372" MajorTopicYN="N">ROC Curve</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D016526" MajorTopicYN="N">Workload</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D055815" MajorTopicYN="N">Young Adult</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><CoiStatement>The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.</CoiStatement></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2018</Year><Month>07</Month><Day>26</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2019</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>11</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2019</Year><Month>3</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2019</Year><Month>3</Month><Day>29</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2019</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>18</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>epublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId 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