The relation between type of farming and prevalence of Parkinson's disease among agricultural workers in five french districts
Identifieur interne : 002351 ( Main/Corpus ); précédent : 002350; suivant : 002352The relation between type of farming and prevalence of Parkinson's disease among agricultural workers in five french districts
Auteurs : Frédéric Moisan ; Johan Spinosi ; Jean-Luc Dupupet ; Laurène Delabre ; Jean-Louis Mazurie ; Marcel Goldberg ; Ellen Imbernon ; Christophe Tzourio ; Alexis ElbazSource :
- Movement Disorders [ 0885-3185 ] ; 2011-02-01.
English descriptors
Abstract
Retrospective assessment of pesticide exposure is complex; however, patterns of pesticide use strongly depend on farming type, which is easier to assess than pesticide exposure. Our aim was to estimate Parkinson's disease (PD) prevalence in five French districts in 2007 among affiliates of Mutualité Sociale Agricole (MSA) and to investigate the relation between PD prevalence and farming type. We identified PD cases from administrative files as persons who used levodopa and/or benefited from free health care for PD. Densities of 16 farming types were defined at the canton of residence level (1988 French agricultural census). We used logistic regression to study the relation between PD prevalence and density of farming types and a semi‐Bayes approach to deal with correlated exposures. We identified 1,659 PD cases, yielding an age‐ and sex‐standardized PD prevalence of 3.01/1,000. Prevalence increased with age and was higher in men than women. We found a higher PD prevalence among affiliates living in cantons characterized by a higher density of farms specialized in fruits and permanent crops (multivariable semi‐Bayes model: OR4+5 vs 1+2+3 quintiles = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.08–1.36; test for trend, P = 0.035). In France, farms specialized in fruits and permanent crops rank first in terms of insecticide use per hectare. Our findings are consistent with studies reporting an association between PD and insecticide use and show that workers in farms specialized in fruits or permanent crops may be an occupational group at higher PD risk. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society
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DOI: 10.1002/mds.23370
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Our aim was to estimate Parkinson's disease (PD) prevalence in five French districts in 2007 among affiliates of Mutualité Sociale Agricole (MSA) and to investigate the relation between PD prevalence and farming type. We identified PD cases from administrative files as persons who used levodopa and/or benefited from free health care for PD. Densities of 16 farming types were defined at the canton of residence level (1988 French agricultural census). We used logistic regression to study the relation between PD prevalence and density of farming types and a semi‐Bayes approach to deal with correlated exposures. We identified 1,659 PD cases, yielding an age‐ and sex‐standardized PD prevalence of 3.01/1,000. Prevalence increased with age and was higher in men than women. We found a higher PD prevalence among affiliates living in cantons characterized by a higher density of farms specialized in fruits and permanent crops (multivariable semi‐Bayes model: OR4+5 vs 1+2+3 quintiles = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.08–1.36; test for trend, P = 0.035). In France, farms specialized in fruits and permanent crops rank first in terms of insecticide use per hectare. Our findings are consistent with studies reporting an association between PD and insecticide use and show that workers in farms specialized in fruits or permanent crops may be an occupational group at higher PD risk. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><author><json:item><name>Frédéric Moisan MSc</name><affiliations><json:string>INSERM, Paris, France</json:string><json:string>UPMC Univ Paris, Neuroepidemiology, Paris, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Johan Spinosi MSc</name><affiliations><json:string>Département santé travail, Institut de veille sanitaire, Saint‐Maurice, France</json:string><json:string>Umrestte (Unité mixte de recherche épidémiologique et de surveillance transport, travail, environnement) InVS/UCBL/Inrets, Lyon, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Jean‐Luc Dupupet MD</name><affiliations><json:string>Caisse centrale de la Mutualité sociale agricole, Bagnolet, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Laurène Delabre BSc</name><affiliations><json:string>Département santé travail, Institut de veille sanitaire, Saint‐Maurice, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Jean‐Louis Mazurie MD</name><affiliations><json:string>Caisse départementale de la Gironde, Mutualité sociale agricole, Bordeaux, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Marcel Goldberg MD, PhD</name><affiliations><json:string>Département santé travail, Institut de veille sanitaire, Saint‐Maurice, France</json:string><json:string>INSERM, U1018, Epidemiology of occupational and social determinants of health, Centre for research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France</json:string><json:string>University of Versailles St‐Quentin, Paris, France</json:string><json:string>Univ Paris, Villejuif, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Ellen Imbernon MD</name><affiliations><json:string>Département santé travail, Institut de veille sanitaire, Saint‐Maurice, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Christophe Tzourio MD, PhD</name><affiliations><json:string>INSERM, Paris, France</json:string><json:string>UPMC Univ Paris, Neuroepidemiology, Paris, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Alexis Elbaz MD, PhD</name><affiliations><json:string>INSERM, Paris, France</json:string><json:string>UPMC Univ Paris, Neuroepidemiology, Paris, France</json:string><json:string>Département santé travail, Institut de veille sanitaire, Saint‐Maurice, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>agriculture</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>environmental exposure</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Parkinson disease</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>prevalence</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>pesticides</value></json:item></subject><articleId><json:string>MDS23370</json:string></articleId><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><abstract>Retrospective assessment of pesticide exposure is complex; however, patterns of pesticide use strongly depend on farming type, which is easier to assess than pesticide exposure. Our aim was to estimate Parkinson's disease (PD) prevalence in five French districts in 2007 among affiliates of Mutualité Sociale Agricole (MSA) and to investigate the relation between PD prevalence and farming type. We identified PD cases from administrative files as persons who used levodopa and/or benefited from free health care for PD. Densities of 16 farming types were defined at the canton of residence level (1988 French agricultural census). We used logistic regression to study the relation between PD prevalence and density of farming types and a semi‐Bayes approach to deal with correlated exposures. We identified 1,659 PD cases, yielding an age‐ and sex‐standardized PD prevalence of 3.01/1,000. Prevalence increased with age and was higher in men than women. We found a higher PD prevalence among affiliates living in cantons characterized by a higher density of farms specialized in fruits and permanent crops (multivariable semi‐Bayes model: OR4+5 vs 1+2+3 quintiles = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.08–1.36; test for trend, P = 0.035). In France, farms specialized in fruits and permanent crops rank first in terms of insecticide use per hectare. Our findings are consistent with studies reporting an association between PD and insecticide use and show that workers in farms specialized in fruits or permanent crops may be an occupational group at higher PD risk. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>7.646</score><pdfVersion>1.3</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>612 x 810 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><keywordCount>5</keywordCount><abstractCharCount>1581</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>4694</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>34842</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>9</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>246</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>The relation between type of farming and prevalence of Parkinson's disease among agricultural workers in five french districts</title><genre><json:string>article</json:string></genre><host><volume>26</volume><publisherId><json:string>MDS</json:string></publisherId><pages><total>9</total><last>279</last><first>271</first></pages><issn><json:string>0885-3185</json:string></issn><issue>2</issue><subject><json:item><value>Research Article</value></json:item></subject><genre><json:string>Journal</json:string></genre><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><eissn><json:string>1531-8257</json:string></eissn><title>Movement Disorders</title><doi><json:string>10.1002/(ISSN)1531-8257</json:string></doi></host><publicationDate>2011</publicationDate><copyrightDate>2011</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1002/mds.23370</json:string></doi><id>49D8BD82FB55AA06A201D6DACCB10B889236D1F5</id><fulltext><json:item><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><extension>pdf</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/49D8BD82FB55AA06A201D6DACCB10B889236D1F5/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><extension>zip</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/49D8BD82FB55AA06A201D6DACCB10B889236D1F5/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/49D8BD82FB55AA06A201D6DACCB10B889236D1F5/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">The relation between type of farming and prevalence of Parkinson's disease among agricultural workers in five french districts</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisher><pubPlace>Hoboken</pubPlace><availability><p>WILEY</p></availability><date>2011</date></publicationStmt><notesStmt><note type="content">*Relevant conflicts of interest/financial disclosures: Nothing to report. 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Disord.</title><idno type="pISSN">0885-3185</idno><idno type="eISSN">1531-8257</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1002/(ISSN)1531-8257</idno><imprint><publisher>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisher><pubPlace>Hoboken</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2011-02-01"></date><biblScope unit="volume">26</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">2</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="271">271</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="279">279</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">49D8BD82FB55AA06A201D6DACCB10B889236D1F5</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1002/mds.23370</idno><idno type="ArticleID">MDS23370</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>2011</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Retrospective assessment of pesticide exposure is complex; however, patterns of pesticide use strongly depend on farming type, which is easier to assess than pesticide exposure. Our aim was to estimate Parkinson's disease (PD) prevalence in five French districts in 2007 among affiliates of Mutualité Sociale Agricole (MSA) and to investigate the relation between PD prevalence and farming type. We identified PD cases from administrative files as persons who used levodopa and/or benefited from free health care for PD. Densities of 16 farming types were defined at the canton of residence level (1988 French agricultural census). We used logistic regression to study the relation between PD prevalence and density of farming types and a semi‐Bayes approach to deal with correlated exposures. We identified 1,659 PD cases, yielding an age‐ and sex‐standardized PD prevalence of 3.01/1,000. Prevalence increased with age and was higher in men than women. We found a higher PD prevalence among affiliates living in cantons characterized by a higher density of farms specialized in fruits and permanent crops (multivariable semi‐Bayes model: OR4+5 vs 1+2+3 quintiles = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.08–1.36; test for trend, P = 0.035). In France, farms specialized in fruits and permanent crops rank first in terms of insecticide use per hectare. Our findings are consistent with studies reporting an association between PD and insecticide use and show that workers in farms specialized in fruits or permanent crops may be an occupational group at higher PD risk. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society</p></abstract><textClass xml:lang="en"><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>Keywords</head><item><term>agriculture</term></item><item><term>environmental exposure</term></item><item><term>Parkinson disease</term></item><item><term>prevalence</term></item><item><term>pesticides</term></item></list></keywords></textClass><textClass><keywords scheme="Journal Subject"><list><head>article category</head><item><term>Research Article</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2010-05-22">Received</change><change when="2010-07-05">Registration</change><change when="2011-02-01">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><extension>txt</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/49D8BD82FB55AA06A201D6DACCB10B889236D1F5/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component version="2.0" type="serialArticle" xml:lang="en"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><publisherInfo><publisherName>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisherName><publisherLoc>Hoboken</publisherLoc></publisherInfo><doi registered="yes">10.1002/(ISSN)1531-8257</doi><issn type="print">0885-3185</issn><issn type="electronic">1531-8257</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="MDS"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" xml:lang="en" sort="MOVEMENT DISORDERS">Movement Disorders</title><title type="short">Mov. Disord.</title></titleGroup></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="part" position="20"><doi origin="wiley" registered="yes">10.1002/mds.v26.2</doi><numberingGroup><numbering type="journalVolume" number="26">26</numbering><numbering type="journalIssue">2</numbering></numberingGroup><coverDate startDate="2011-02-01">1 February 2011</coverDate></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="unit" type="article" position="160" status="forIssue"><doi origin="wiley" registered="yes">10.1002/mds.23370</doi><idGroup><id type="unit" value="MDS23370"></id></idGroup><countGroup><count type="pageTotal" number="9"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="articleCategory">Research Article</title><title type="tocHeading1">Research Articles</title></titleGroup><copyright ownership="thirdParty">Copyright © 2010 Movement Disorder Society</copyright><eventGroup><event type="manuscriptReceived" date="2010-05-22"></event><event type="manuscriptRevised" date="2010-06-24"></event><event type="manuscriptAccepted" date="2010-07-05"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:JWSART34_TO_WML3G version:3.0.1 mode:FullText" date="2012-01-23"></event><event type="publishedOnlineEarlyUnpaginated" date="2010-12-13"></event><event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2011-03-14"></event><event type="firstOnline" date="2010-12-13"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WILEY_ML3G_TO_WILEY_ML3GV2 version:3.8.8" date="2014-02-02"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.1.7 mode:FullText,remove_FC" date="2014-10-31"></event></eventGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="pageFirst">271</numbering><numbering type="pageLast">279</numbering></numberingGroup><correspondenceTo>INSERM Unité 708, Neuroépidémiologie, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, 47 Bvd de l'Hôpital, 75651 Paris Cedex 13, France</correspondenceTo><linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:MDS.MDS23370.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><countGroup><count type="figureTotal" number="0"></count><count type="tableTotal" number="3"></count><count type="referenceTotal" number="39"></count><count type="wordTotal" number="8593"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" xml:lang="en">The relation between type of farming and prevalence of Parkinson's disease among agricultural workers in five french districts<link href="#fn1"></link></title><title type="short" xml:lang="en">Parkinson's Disease and Type of Farming</title></titleGroup><creators><creator xml:id="au1" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af1 #af2" corresponding="yes"><personName><givenNames>Frédéric</givenNames><familyName>Moisan</familyName><degrees>MSc</degrees></personName><contactDetails><email>frederic.moisan@upmc.fr</email></contactDetails></creator><creator xml:id="au2" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af3 #af4"><personName><givenNames>Johan</givenNames><familyName>Spinosi</familyName><degrees>MSc</degrees></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au3" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af5"><personName><givenNames>Jean‐Luc</givenNames><familyName>Dupupet</familyName><degrees>MD</degrees></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au4" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af3"><personName><givenNames>Laurène</givenNames><familyName>Delabre</familyName><degrees>BSc</degrees></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au5" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af6"><personName><givenNames>Jean‐Louis</givenNames><familyName>Mazurie</familyName><degrees>MD</degrees></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au6" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af3 #af7 #af8 #af9"><personName><givenNames>Marcel</givenNames><familyName>Goldberg</familyName><degrees>MD, PhD</degrees></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au7" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af3"><personName><givenNames>Ellen</givenNames><familyName>Imbernon</familyName><degrees>MD</degrees></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au8" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af1 #af2"><personName><givenNames>Christophe</givenNames><familyName>Tzourio</familyName><degrees>MD, PhD</degrees></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au9" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af1 #af2 #af3"><personName><givenNames>Alexis</givenNames><familyName>Elbaz</familyName><degrees>MD, PhD</degrees></personName></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation xml:id="af1" countryCode="FR" type="organization"><unparsedAffiliation>INSERM, Paris, France</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="af2" countryCode="FR" type="organization"><unparsedAffiliation>UPMC Univ Paris, Neuroepidemiology, Paris, France</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="af3" countryCode="FR" type="organization"><unparsedAffiliation>Département santé travail, Institut de veille sanitaire, Saint‐Maurice, France</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="af4" countryCode="FR" type="organization"><unparsedAffiliation>Umrestte (Unité mixte de recherche épidémiologique et de surveillance transport, travail, environnement) InVS/UCBL/Inrets, Lyon, France</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="af5" countryCode="FR" type="organization"><unparsedAffiliation>Caisse centrale de la Mutualité sociale agricole, Bagnolet, France</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="af6" countryCode="FR" type="organization"><unparsedAffiliation>Caisse départementale de la Gironde, Mutualité sociale agricole, Bordeaux, France</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="af7" countryCode="FR" type="organization"><unparsedAffiliation>INSERM, U1018, Epidemiology of occupational and social determinants of health, Centre for research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="af8" countryCode="FR" type="organization"><unparsedAffiliation>University of Versailles St‐Quentin, Paris, France</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="af9" countryCode="FR" type="organization"><unparsedAffiliation>Univ Paris, Villejuif, France</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation></affiliationGroup><keywordGroup xml:lang="en" type="author"><keyword xml:id="kwd1">agriculture</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd2">environmental exposure</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd3">Parkinson disease</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd4">prevalence</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd5">pesticides</keyword></keywordGroup><supportingInformation><p> Additional Supporting information may be found in the online version of this article. </p><supportingInfoItem><mediaResource alt="supporting information" href="urn-x:wiley:08853185:media:mds23370:MDS_23370_sm_suppinfo"></mediaResource><caption>Supporting Information</caption></supportingInfoItem></supportingInformation><abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:lang="en"><title type="main">Abstract</title><p>Retrospective assessment of pesticide exposure is complex; however, patterns of pesticide use strongly depend on farming type, which is easier to assess than pesticide exposure. Our aim was to estimate Parkinson's disease (PD) prevalence in five French districts in 2007 among affiliates of <i>Mutualité Sociale Agricole</i> (MSA) and to investigate the relation between PD prevalence and farming type. We identified PD cases from administrative files as persons who used levodopa and/or benefited from free health care for PD. Densities of 16 farming types were defined at the canton of residence level (1988 French agricultural census). We used logistic regression to study the relation between PD prevalence and density of farming types and a semi‐Bayes approach to deal with correlated exposures. We identified 1,659 PD cases, yielding an age‐ and sex‐standardized PD prevalence of 3.01/1,000. Prevalence increased with age and was higher in men than women. We found a higher PD prevalence among affiliates living in cantons characterized by a higher density of farms specialized in fruits and permanent crops (multivariable semi‐Bayes model: OR<sub>4+5 vs 1+2+3 quintiles</sub> = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.08–1.36; test for trend, <i>P</i> = 0.035). In France, farms specialized in fruits and permanent crops rank first in terms of insecticide use per hectare. Our findings are consistent with studies reporting an association between PD and insecticide use and show that workers in farms specialized in fruits or permanent crops may be an occupational group at higher PD risk. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society</p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta><noteGroup><note xml:id="fn1"><p><b>Relevant conflicts of interest/financial disclosures</b>: Nothing to report. Full financial disclosures and author roles can be found in the online version of this article.</p></note></noteGroup></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>The relation between type of farming and prevalence of Parkinson's disease among agricultural workers in five french districts</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated" lang="en"><title>Parkinson's Disease and Type of Farming</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>The relation between type of farming and prevalence of Parkinson's disease among agricultural workers in five french districts</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Frédéric</namePart><namePart type="family">Moisan</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">MSc</namePart><affiliation>INSERM, Paris, France</affiliation><affiliation>UPMC Univ Paris, Neuroepidemiology, Paris, France</affiliation><description>Correspondence: INSERM Unité 708, Neuroépidémiologie, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, 47 Bvd de l'Hôpital, 75651 Paris Cedex 13, France</description><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Johan</namePart><namePart type="family">Spinosi</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">MSc</namePart><affiliation>Département santé travail, Institut de veille sanitaire, Saint‐Maurice, France</affiliation><affiliation>Umrestte (Unité mixte de recherche épidémiologique et de surveillance transport, travail, environnement) InVS/UCBL/Inrets, Lyon, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Jean‐Luc</namePart><namePart type="family">Dupupet</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">MD</namePart><affiliation>Caisse centrale de la Mutualité sociale agricole, Bagnolet, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Laurène</namePart><namePart type="family">Delabre</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">BSc</namePart><affiliation>Département santé travail, Institut de veille sanitaire, Saint‐Maurice, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Jean‐Louis</namePart><namePart type="family">Mazurie</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">MD</namePart><affiliation>Caisse départementale de la Gironde, Mutualité sociale agricole, Bordeaux, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Marcel</namePart><namePart type="family">Goldberg</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">MD, PhD</namePart><affiliation>Département santé travail, Institut de veille sanitaire, Saint‐Maurice, France</affiliation><affiliation>INSERM, U1018, Epidemiology of occupational and social determinants of health, Centre for research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, France</affiliation><affiliation>University of Versailles St‐Quentin, Paris, France</affiliation><affiliation>Univ Paris, Villejuif, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Ellen</namePart><namePart type="family">Imbernon</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">MD</namePart><affiliation>Département santé travail, Institut de veille sanitaire, Saint‐Maurice, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Christophe</namePart><namePart type="family">Tzourio</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">MD, PhD</namePart><affiliation>INSERM, Paris, France</affiliation><affiliation>UPMC Univ Paris, Neuroepidemiology, Paris, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Alexis</namePart><namePart type="family">Elbaz</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">MD, PhD</namePart><affiliation>INSERM, Paris, France</affiliation><affiliation>UPMC Univ Paris, Neuroepidemiology, Paris, France</affiliation><affiliation>Département santé travail, Institut de veille sanitaire, Saint‐Maurice, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisher><place><placeTerm type="text">Hoboken</placeTerm></place><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2011-02-01</dateIssued><dateCaptured encoding="w3cdtf">2010-05-22</dateCaptured><dateValid encoding="w3cdtf">2010-07-05</dateValid><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2011</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType><extent unit="tables">3</extent><extent unit="references">39</extent><extent unit="words">8593</extent></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">Retrospective assessment of pesticide exposure is complex; however, patterns of pesticide use strongly depend on farming type, which is easier to assess than pesticide exposure. Our aim was to estimate Parkinson's disease (PD) prevalence in five French districts in 2007 among affiliates of Mutualité Sociale Agricole (MSA) and to investigate the relation between PD prevalence and farming type. We identified PD cases from administrative files as persons who used levodopa and/or benefited from free health care for PD. Densities of 16 farming types were defined at the canton of residence level (1988 French agricultural census). We used logistic regression to study the relation between PD prevalence and density of farming types and a semi‐Bayes approach to deal with correlated exposures. We identified 1,659 PD cases, yielding an age‐ and sex‐standardized PD prevalence of 3.01/1,000. Prevalence increased with age and was higher in men than women. We found a higher PD prevalence among affiliates living in cantons characterized by a higher density of farms specialized in fruits and permanent crops (multivariable semi‐Bayes model: OR4+5 vs 1+2+3 quintiles = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.08–1.36; test for trend, P = 0.035). In France, farms specialized in fruits and permanent crops rank first in terms of insecticide use per hectare. Our findings are consistent with studies reporting an association between PD and insecticide use and show that workers in farms specialized in fruits or permanent crops may be an occupational group at higher PD risk. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society</abstract><note type="content">*Relevant conflicts of interest/financial disclosures: Nothing to report. Full financial disclosures and author roles can be found in the online version of this article.</note><subject lang="en"><genre>Keywords</genre><topic>agriculture</topic><topic>environmental exposure</topic><topic>Parkinson disease</topic><topic>prevalence</topic><topic>pesticides</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Movement Disorders</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>Mov. Disord.</title></titleInfo><genre type="Journal">journal</genre><note type="content"> Additional Supporting information may be found in the online version of this article.Supporting Info Item: Supporting Information - </note><subject><genre>article category</genre><topic>Research Article</topic></subject><identifier type="ISSN">0885-3185</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1531-8257</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1002/(ISSN)1531-8257</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">MDS</identifier><part><date>2011</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>26</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>2</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>271</start><end>279</end><total>9</total></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">49D8BD82FB55AA06A201D6DACCB10B889236D1F5</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1002/mds.23370</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">MDS23370</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">Copyright © 2010 Movement Disorder Society</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource>WILEY</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</recordOrigin></recordInfo></mods></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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