Prevalence and correlates of neuropsychiatric symptoms in Parkinson's disease without dementia
Identifieur interne : 000A32 ( Main/Corpus ); précédent : 000A31; suivant : 000A33Prevalence and correlates of neuropsychiatric symptoms in Parkinson's disease without dementia
Auteurs : Jaime Kulisevsky ; Javier Pagonabarraga ; Berta Pascual-Sedano ; Carmen García-Sánchez ; Alexandre GironellSource :
- Movement Disorders [ 0885-3185 ] ; 2008-10-15.
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Abstract
A cross‐sectional study of the profile of psychiatric symptoms and their relationships to medications, executive performance, and excessive daytime somnolence (EDS) was conducted on 1351 consecutive Parkinson's disease patients without dementia (PD‐ND). Ratings were: neuropsychiatric inventory (NPI); hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS); executive performance (semantic, phonemic, and alternating verbal fluencies); and the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS). Eighty‐seven percent of the subjects reported at least one psychiatric symptom. The most common were depression (70%), anxiety (69%), apathy (48%), and irritability (47%). Fifty percent of the patients had HADS‐depression scores ranging from possible (8–10; 22%) to probable (≥11; 28%) depression. Executive impairment was found in 41% and EDS in 26% of subjects. All considered variables were significantly more common with longer duration and more severe disease. Only depression appeared to be influenced by type of medication, being less prevalent among patients treated with DAs. Five NPI clusters were identified among patients scoring ≥1 on the NPI (87.3%): patients exhibiting predominantly apathy (12.7%), psychosis (3%), depression (13%), anxiety (15.6%), and “low‐total NPI” (43.2%). Neuropsychiatric symptoms are common in nondemented PD patients suggesting that they are an integral part of PD from the beginning of the disease and appears more related to disease progression than to the type of antiparkinsonian medication. Apathy emerged as an independent construct in PD‐ND, indicating the need to address specific therapeutical approaches targeted toward this particular symptom. © 2008 Movement Disorder Society
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DOI: 10.1002/mds.22246
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Disord.</title><idno type="ISSN">0885-3185</idno><idno type="eISSN">1531-8257</idno><imprint><publisher>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisher><pubPlace>Hoboken</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2008-10-15">2008-10-15</date><biblScope unit="volume">23</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">13</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="1889">1889</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="1896">1896</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0885-3185</idno></series><idno type="istex">02BF9746E5126846F38C338F99FB706EBFF6F82C</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1002/mds.22246</idno><idno type="ArticleID">MDS22246</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0885-3185</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Parkinson</term><term>apathy</term><term>cluster</term><term>hallucinations</term><term>neuropsychiatry</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">A cross‐sectional study of the profile of psychiatric symptoms and their relationships to medications, executive performance, and excessive daytime somnolence (EDS) was conducted on 1351 consecutive Parkinson's disease patients without dementia (PD‐ND). Ratings were: neuropsychiatric inventory (NPI); hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS); executive performance (semantic, phonemic, and alternating verbal fluencies); and the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS). Eighty‐seven percent of the subjects reported at least one psychiatric symptom. The most common were depression (70%), anxiety (69%), apathy (48%), and irritability (47%). Fifty percent of the patients had HADS‐depression scores ranging from possible (8–10; 22%) to probable (≥11; 28%) depression. Executive impairment was found in 41% and EDS in 26% of subjects. All considered variables were significantly more common with longer duration and more severe disease. Only depression appeared to be influenced by type of medication, being less prevalent among patients treated with DAs. Five NPI clusters were identified among patients scoring ≥1 on the NPI (87.3%): patients exhibiting predominantly apathy (12.7%), psychosis (3%), depression (13%), anxiety (15.6%), and “low‐total NPI” (43.2%). Neuropsychiatric symptoms are common in nondemented PD patients suggesting that they are an integral part of PD from the beginning of the disease and appears more related to disease progression than to the type of antiparkinsonian medication. Apathy emerged as an independent construct in PD‐ND, indicating the need to address specific therapeutical approaches targeted toward this particular symptom. © 2008 Movement Disorder Society</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><author><json:item><name>Jaime Kulisevsky MD, PhD</name><affiliations><json:string>Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Sant Pau Hospital, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Spain</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Javier Pagonabarraga MD</name><affiliations><json:string>Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Sant Pau Hospital, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Spain</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Berta Pascual‐Sedano MD, PhD</name><affiliations><json:string>Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Sant Pau Hospital, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Spain</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Carmen García‐Sánchez PhD</name><affiliations><json:string>Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Sant Pau Hospital, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Spain</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Alexandre Gironell MD, PhD,</name><affiliations><json:string>Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Sant Pau Hospital, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Spain</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Parkinson</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>neuropsychiatry</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>cluster</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>apathy</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>hallucinations</value></json:item></subject><articleId><json:string>MDS22246</json:string></articleId><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><abstract>A cross‐sectional study of the profile of psychiatric symptoms and their relationships to medications, executive performance, and excessive daytime somnolence (EDS) was conducted on 1351 consecutive Parkinson's disease patients without dementia (PD‐ND). Ratings were: neuropsychiatric inventory (NPI); hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS); executive performance (semantic, phonemic, and alternating verbal fluencies); and the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS). Eighty‐seven percent of the subjects reported at least one psychiatric symptom. The most common were depression (70%), anxiety (69%), apathy (48%), and irritability (47%). Fifty percent of the patients had HADS‐depression scores ranging from possible (8–10; 22%) to probable (≥11; 28%) depression. Executive impairment was found in 41% and EDS in 26% of subjects. All considered variables were significantly more common with longer duration and more severe disease. Only depression appeared to be influenced by type of medication, being less prevalent among patients treated with DAs. Five NPI clusters were identified among patients scoring ≥1 on the NPI (87.3%): patients exhibiting predominantly apathy (12.7%), psychosis (3%), depression (13%), anxiety (15.6%), and “low‐total NPI” (43.2%). Neuropsychiatric symptoms are common in nondemented PD patients suggesting that they are an integral part of PD from the beginning of the disease and appears more related to disease progression than to the type of antiparkinsonian medication. Apathy emerged as an independent construct in PD‐ND, indicating the need to address specific therapeutical approaches targeted toward this particular symptom. © 2008 Movement Disorder Society</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>7.475</score><pdfVersion>1.3</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>612 x 810 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><keywordCount>5</keywordCount><abstractCharCount>1695</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>4667</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>32504</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>8</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>234</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Prevalence and correlates of neuropsychiatric symptoms in Parkinson's disease without dementia</title><corporate><json:item><name>Trapecio Group Study</name></json:item></corporate><genre><json:string>article</json:string></genre><host><volume>23</volume><publisherId><json:string>MDS</json:string></publisherId><pages><total>8</total><last>1896</last><first>1889</first></pages><issn><json:string>0885-3185</json:string></issn><issue>13</issue><subject><json:item><value>Research Article</value></json:item></subject><genre><json:string>Journal</json:string></genre><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><eissn><json:string>1531-8257</json:string></eissn><title>Movement Disorders</title><doi><json:string>10.1002/(ISSN)1531-8257</json:string></doi></host><publicationDate>2008</publicationDate><copyrightDate>2008</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1002/mds.22246</json:string></doi><id>02BF9746E5126846F38C338F99FB706EBFF6F82C</id><fulltext><json:item><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><extension>pdf</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/02BF9746E5126846F38C338F99FB706EBFF6F82C/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><extension>zip</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/02BF9746E5126846F38C338F99FB706EBFF6F82C/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/02BF9746E5126846F38C338F99FB706EBFF6F82C/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Prevalence and correlates of neuropsychiatric symptoms in Parkinson's disease without dementia</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisher><pubPlace>Hoboken</pubPlace><availability><p>WILEY</p></availability><date>2008</date></publicationStmt><notesStmt><note>Appendix 1 List of Trapecio Group members.</note><note type="content">*Potential conflict of interest: None reported.</note><note type="content">*Members of the Trapecio Group Study are listed as an Appendix.</note><note>Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias - No. PI‐051916;</note><note>CIBERNED</note><note>Fundación CIEN, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain</note><note>Boehringer Ingelheim, Spain</note></notesStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Prevalence and correlates of neuropsychiatric symptoms in Parkinson's disease without dementia</title><author><orgName>Trapecio Group Study</orgName></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Jaime</forename><surname>Kulisevsky</surname></persName><roleName type="degree">MD, PhD</roleName><note type="correspondence"><p>Correspondence: Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department. Sant Pau Hospital., Sant Antoni M. Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain</p></note><affiliation>Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Sant Pau Hospital, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Spain</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Javier</forename><surname>Pagonabarraga</surname></persName><roleName type="degree">MD</roleName><affiliation>Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Sant Pau Hospital, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Spain</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Berta</forename><surname>Pascual‐Sedano</surname></persName><roleName type="degree">MD, PhD</roleName><affiliation>Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Sant Pau Hospital, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Spain</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Carmen</forename><surname>García‐Sánchez</surname></persName><roleName type="degree">PhD</roleName><affiliation>Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Sant Pau Hospital, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Spain</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Alexandre</forename><surname>Gironell</surname></persName><roleName type="degree">MD, PhD,</roleName><affiliation>Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Sant Pau Hospital, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Spain</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Movement Disorders</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">Mov. 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Ratings were: neuropsychiatric inventory (NPI); hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS); executive performance (semantic, phonemic, and alternating verbal fluencies); and the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS). Eighty‐seven percent of the subjects reported at least one psychiatric symptom. The most common were depression (70%), anxiety (69%), apathy (48%), and irritability (47%). Fifty percent of the patients had HADS‐depression scores ranging from possible (8–10; 22%) to probable (≥11; 28%) depression. Executive impairment was found in 41% and EDS in 26% of subjects. All considered variables were significantly more common with longer duration and more severe disease. Only depression appeared to be influenced by type of medication, being less prevalent among patients treated with DAs. Five NPI clusters were identified among patients scoring ≥1 on the NPI (87.3%): patients exhibiting predominantly apathy (12.7%), psychosis (3%), depression (13%), anxiety (15.6%), and “low‐total NPI” (43.2%). Neuropsychiatric symptoms are common in nondemented PD patients suggesting that they are an integral part of PD from the beginning of the disease and appears more related to disease progression than to the type of antiparkinsonian medication. Apathy emerged as an independent construct in PD‐ND, indicating the need to address specific therapeutical approaches targeted toward this particular symptom. © 2008 Movement Disorder Society</p></abstract><textClass xml:lang="en"><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>Keywords</head><item><term>Parkinson</term></item><item><term>neuropsychiatry</term></item><item><term>cluster</term></item><item><term>apathy</term></item><item><term>hallucinations</term></item></list></keywords></textClass><textClass><keywords scheme="Journal Subject"><list><head>article category</head><item><term>Research Article</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2008-02-13">Received</change><change when="2008-06-30">Registration</change><change when="2008-10-15">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><extension>txt</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/02BF9746E5126846F38C338F99FB706EBFF6F82C/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component version="2.0" type="serialArticle" xml:lang="en"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><publisherInfo><publisherName>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisherName><publisherLoc>Hoboken</publisherLoc></publisherInfo><doi registered="yes">10.1002/(ISSN)1531-8257</doi><issn type="print">0885-3185</issn><issn type="electronic">1531-8257</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="MDS"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" xml:lang="en" sort="MOVEMENT DISORDERS">Movement Disorders</title><title type="short">Mov. 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Sant Pau Hospital., Sant Antoni M. Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain</correspondenceTo><linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:MDS.MDS22246.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><countGroup><count type="figureTotal" number="1"></count><count type="tableTotal" number="4"></count><count type="referenceTotal" number="41"></count><count type="wordTotal" number="6991"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" xml:lang="en">Prevalence and correlates of neuropsychiatric symptoms in Parkinson's disease without dementia<link href="#fn1"></link><link href="#fn2"></link></title><title type="short" xml:lang="en">Neuropsychiatry of Parkinson's Disease</title></titleGroup><creators><creator xml:id="au1" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af1" corresponding="yes"><personName><givenNames>Jaime</givenNames><familyName>Kulisevsky</familyName><degrees>MD, PhD</degrees></personName><contactDetails><email>jkulisevsky@santpau.es</email></contactDetails></creator><creator xml:id="au2" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af1"><personName><givenNames>Javier</givenNames><familyName>Pagonabarraga</familyName><degrees>MD</degrees></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au3" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af1"><personName><givenNames>Berta</givenNames><familyName>Pascual‐Sedano</familyName><degrees>MD, PhD</degrees></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au4" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af1"><personName><givenNames>Carmen</givenNames><familyName>García‐Sánchez</familyName><degrees>PhD</degrees></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au5" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af1"><personName><givenNames>Alexandre</givenNames><familyName>Gironell</familyName><degrees>MD, PhD,</degrees></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au6" creatorRole="author"><groupName>Trapecio Group Study</groupName></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation xml:id="af1" countryCode="ES" type="organization"><unparsedAffiliation>Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Sant Pau Hospital, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Spain</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation></affiliationGroup><keywordGroup xml:lang="en" type="author"><keyword xml:id="kwd1">Parkinson</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd2">neuropsychiatry</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd3">cluster</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd4">apathy</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd5">hallucinations</keyword></keywordGroup><fundingInfo><fundingAgency>Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias</fundingAgency><fundingNumber>PI‐051916</fundingNumber></fundingInfo><fundingInfo><fundingAgency>CIBERNED</fundingAgency></fundingInfo><fundingInfo><fundingAgency>Fundación CIEN, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain</fundingAgency></fundingInfo><fundingInfo><fundingAgency>Boehringer Ingelheim, Spain</fundingAgency></fundingInfo><supportingInformation><supportingInfoItem><mediaResource alt="supporting information" href="urn-x:wiley:08853185:media:mds22246:MDS22246suppmat"></mediaResource><caption>Appendix 1 List of Trapecio Group members.</caption></supportingInfoItem></supportingInformation><abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:lang="en"><title type="main">Abstract</title><p>A cross‐sectional study of the profile of psychiatric symptoms and their relationships to medications, executive performance, and excessive daytime somnolence (EDS) was conducted on 1351 consecutive Parkinson's disease patients without dementia (PD‐ND). Ratings were: neuropsychiatric inventory (NPI); hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS); executive performance (semantic, phonemic, and alternating verbal fluencies); and the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS). Eighty‐seven percent of the subjects reported at least one psychiatric symptom. The most common were depression (70%), anxiety (69%), apathy (48%), and irritability (47%). Fifty percent of the patients had HADS‐depression scores ranging from possible (8–10; 22%) to probable (≥11; 28%) depression. Executive impairment was found in 41% and EDS in 26% of subjects. All considered variables were significantly more common with longer duration and more severe disease. Only depression appeared to be influenced by type of medication, being less prevalent among patients treated with DAs. Five NPI clusters were identified among patients scoring ≥1 on the NPI (87.3%): patients exhibiting predominantly apathy (12.7%), psychosis (3%), depression (13%), anxiety (15.6%), and “low‐total NPI” (43.2%). Neuropsychiatric symptoms are common in nondemented PD patients suggesting that they are an integral part of PD from the beginning of the disease and appears more related to disease progression than to the type of antiparkinsonian medication. Apathy emerged as an independent construct in PD‐ND, indicating the need to address specific therapeutical approaches targeted toward this particular symptom. © 2008 Movement Disorder Society</p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta><noteGroup><note xml:id="fn1"><p>Potential conflict of interest: None reported.</p></note><note xml:id="fn2"><p>Members of the Trapecio Group Study are listed as an Appendix.</p></note></noteGroup></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Prevalence and correlates of neuropsychiatric symptoms in Parkinson's disease without dementia</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated" lang="en"><title>Neuropsychiatry of Parkinson's Disease</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Prevalence and correlates of neuropsychiatric symptoms in Parkinson's disease without dementia</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Jaime</namePart><namePart type="family">Kulisevsky</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">MD, PhD</namePart><affiliation>Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Sant Pau Hospital, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Spain</affiliation><description>Correspondence: Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department. Sant Pau Hospital., Sant Antoni M. Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain</description><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Javier</namePart><namePart type="family">Pagonabarraga</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">MD</namePart><affiliation>Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Sant Pau Hospital, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Spain</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Berta</namePart><namePart type="family">Pascual‐Sedano</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">MD, PhD</namePart><affiliation>Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Sant Pau Hospital, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Spain</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Carmen</namePart><namePart type="family">García‐Sánchez</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">PhD</namePart><affiliation>Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Sant Pau Hospital, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Spain</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Alexandre</namePart><namePart type="family">Gironell</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">MD, PhD,</namePart><affiliation>Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Sant Pau Hospital, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Spain</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="corporate"><namePart>Trapecio Group Study</namePart><description>Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Sant Pau Hospital, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Spain</description></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisher><place><placeTerm type="text">Hoboken</placeTerm></place><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2008-10-15</dateIssued><dateCaptured encoding="w3cdtf">2008-02-13</dateCaptured><dateValid encoding="w3cdtf">2008-06-30</dateValid><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2008</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType><extent unit="figures">1</extent><extent unit="tables">4</extent><extent unit="references">41</extent><extent unit="words">6991</extent></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">A cross‐sectional study of the profile of psychiatric symptoms and their relationships to medications, executive performance, and excessive daytime somnolence (EDS) was conducted on 1351 consecutive Parkinson's disease patients without dementia (PD‐ND). Ratings were: neuropsychiatric inventory (NPI); hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS); executive performance (semantic, phonemic, and alternating verbal fluencies); and the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS). Eighty‐seven percent of the subjects reported at least one psychiatric symptom. The most common were depression (70%), anxiety (69%), apathy (48%), and irritability (47%). Fifty percent of the patients had HADS‐depression scores ranging from possible (8–10; 22%) to probable (≥11; 28%) depression. Executive impairment was found in 41% and EDS in 26% of subjects. All considered variables were significantly more common with longer duration and more severe disease. Only depression appeared to be influenced by type of medication, being less prevalent among patients treated with DAs. Five NPI clusters were identified among patients scoring ≥1 on the NPI (87.3%): patients exhibiting predominantly apathy (12.7%), psychosis (3%), depression (13%), anxiety (15.6%), and “low‐total NPI” (43.2%). Neuropsychiatric symptoms are common in nondemented PD patients suggesting that they are an integral part of PD from the beginning of the disease and appears more related to disease progression than to the type of antiparkinsonian medication. Apathy emerged as an independent construct in PD‐ND, indicating the need to address specific therapeutical approaches targeted toward this particular symptom. © 2008 Movement Disorder Society</abstract><note type="additional physical form">Appendix 1 List of Trapecio Group members.</note><note type="content">*Potential conflict of interest: None reported.</note><note type="content">*Members of the Trapecio Group Study are listed as an Appendix.</note><note type="funding">Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias - No. PI‐051916; </note><note type="funding">CIBERNED</note><note type="funding">Fundación CIEN, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain</note><note type="funding">Boehringer Ingelheim, Spain</note><subject lang="en"><genre>Keywords</genre><topic>Parkinson</topic><topic>neuropsychiatry</topic><topic>cluster</topic><topic>apathy</topic><topic>hallucinations</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Movement Disorders</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>Mov. Disord.</title></titleInfo><genre type="Journal">journal</genre><subject><genre>article category</genre><topic>Research Article</topic></subject><identifier type="ISSN">0885-3185</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1531-8257</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1002/(ISSN)1531-8257</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">MDS</identifier><part><date>2008</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>23</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>13</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>1889</start><end>1896</end><total>8</total></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">02BF9746E5126846F38C338F99FB706EBFF6F82C</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1002/mds.22246</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">MDS22246</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">Copyright © 2008 Movement Disorder Society</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource>WILEY</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</recordOrigin></recordInfo></mods></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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