Noradrenaline and Parkinson's disease.
Identifieur interne : 000882 ( PubMed/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000881; suivant : 000883Noradrenaline and Parkinson's disease.
Auteurs : Claire Delaville [France] ; Philippe De Deurwaerdère ; Abdelhamid BenazzouzSource :
- Frontiers in systems neuroscience [ 1662-5137 ] ; 2011.
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the degeneration of dopamine (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, and motor symptoms including bradykinesia, rigidity, and tremor at rest. These symptoms are exhibited when striatal dopamine concentration has decreased by around 70%. In addition to motor deficits, PD is also characterized by the non-motor symptoms. However, depletion of DA alone in animal models has failed to simultaneously elicit both the motor and non-motor deficits of PD, possibly because the disease is a multi-system disorder that features a profound loss in other neurotransmitter systems. There is growing evidence that additional loss of noradrenaline (NA) neurons of the locus coeruleus, the principal source of NA in the brain, could be involved in the clinical expression of motor as well as in non-motor deficits. In the present review, we analyze the latest evidence for the implication of NA in the pathophysiology of PD obtained from animal models of parkinsonism and from parkinsonian patients. Recent studies have shown that NA depletion alone, or combined with DA depletion, results in motor as well as in non-motor dysfunctions. In addition, by using selective agonists and antagonists of noradrenaline alpha receptors we, and others, have shown that α2 receptors are implicated in the control of motor activity and that α2 receptor antagonists can improve PD motor symptoms as well as l-Dopa-induced dyskinesia. In this review we argue that the loss of NA neurons in PD has an impact on all PD symptoms and that the addition of NAergic agents to dopaminergic medication could be beneficial in the treatment of the disease.
DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2011.00031
PubMed: 21647359
Affiliations:
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
Links to Exploration step
pubmed:21647359Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Noradrenaline and Parkinson's disease.</title><author><name sortKey="Delaville, Claire" sort="Delaville, Claire" uniqKey="Delaville C" first="Claire" last="Delaville">Claire Delaville</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>UMR 5293, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Université de Bordeaux Bordeaux, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>UMR 5293, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Université de Bordeaux Bordeaux</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Université de Bordeaux Bordeaux</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Université de Bordeaux Bordeaux</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Deurwaerdere, Philippe De" sort="Deurwaerdere, Philippe De" uniqKey="Deurwaerdere P" first="Philippe De" last="Deurwaerdère">Philippe De Deurwaerdère</name></author><author><name sortKey="Benazzouz, Abdelhamid" sort="Benazzouz, Abdelhamid" uniqKey="Benazzouz A" first="Abdelhamid" last="Benazzouz">Abdelhamid Benazzouz</name></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2011">2011</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:21647359</idno><idno type="pmid">21647359</idno><idno type="doi">10.3389/fnsys.2011.00031</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000971</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000971</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">000931</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Curation">000931</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">000931</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Checkpoint" wicri:step="PubMed">000931</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Noradrenaline and Parkinson's disease.</title><author><name sortKey="Delaville, Claire" sort="Delaville, Claire" uniqKey="Delaville C" first="Claire" last="Delaville">Claire Delaville</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>UMR 5293, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Université de Bordeaux Bordeaux, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>UMR 5293, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Université de Bordeaux Bordeaux</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Université de Bordeaux Bordeaux</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Université de Bordeaux Bordeaux</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Deurwaerdere, Philippe De" sort="Deurwaerdere, Philippe De" uniqKey="Deurwaerdere P" first="Philippe De" last="Deurwaerdère">Philippe De Deurwaerdère</name></author><author><name sortKey="Benazzouz, Abdelhamid" sort="Benazzouz, Abdelhamid" uniqKey="Benazzouz A" first="Abdelhamid" last="Benazzouz">Abdelhamid Benazzouz</name></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Frontiers in systems neuroscience</title><idno type="eISSN">1662-5137</idno><imprint><date when="2011" type="published">2011</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the degeneration of dopamine (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, and motor symptoms including bradykinesia, rigidity, and tremor at rest. These symptoms are exhibited when striatal dopamine concentration has decreased by around 70%. In addition to motor deficits, PD is also characterized by the non-motor symptoms. However, depletion of DA alone in animal models has failed to simultaneously elicit both the motor and non-motor deficits of PD, possibly because the disease is a multi-system disorder that features a profound loss in other neurotransmitter systems. There is growing evidence that additional loss of noradrenaline (NA) neurons of the locus coeruleus, the principal source of NA in the brain, could be involved in the clinical expression of motor as well as in non-motor deficits. In the present review, we analyze the latest evidence for the implication of NA in the pathophysiology of PD obtained from animal models of parkinsonism and from parkinsonian patients. Recent studies have shown that NA depletion alone, or combined with DA depletion, results in motor as well as in non-motor dysfunctions. In addition, by using selective agonists and antagonists of noradrenaline alpha receptors we, and others, have shown that α2 receptors are implicated in the control of motor activity and that α2 receptor antagonists can improve PD motor symptoms as well as l-Dopa-induced dyskinesia. In this review we argue that the loss of NA neurons in PD has an impact on all PD symptoms and that the addition of NAergic agents to dopaminergic medication could be beneficial in the treatment of the disease.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="PubMed-not-MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">21647359</PMID><DateCreated><Year>2011</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>07</Day></DateCreated><DateCompleted><Year>2011</Year><Month>07</Month><Day>14</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2016</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>14</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic-eCollection"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1662-5137</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>5</Volume><PubDate><Year>2011</Year></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Frontiers in systems neuroscience</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Front Syst Neurosci</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Noradrenaline and Parkinson's disease.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>31</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.3389/fnsys.2011.00031</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the degeneration of dopamine (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, and motor symptoms including bradykinesia, rigidity, and tremor at rest. These symptoms are exhibited when striatal dopamine concentration has decreased by around 70%. In addition to motor deficits, PD is also characterized by the non-motor symptoms. However, depletion of DA alone in animal models has failed to simultaneously elicit both the motor and non-motor deficits of PD, possibly because the disease is a multi-system disorder that features a profound loss in other neurotransmitter systems. There is growing evidence that additional loss of noradrenaline (NA) neurons of the locus coeruleus, the principal source of NA in the brain, could be involved in the clinical expression of motor as well as in non-motor deficits. In the present review, we analyze the latest evidence for the implication of NA in the pathophysiology of PD obtained from animal models of parkinsonism and from parkinsonian patients. Recent studies have shown that NA depletion alone, or combined with DA depletion, results in motor as well as in non-motor dysfunctions. In addition, by using selective agonists and antagonists of noradrenaline alpha receptors we, and others, have shown that α2 receptors are implicated in the control of motor activity and that α2 receptor antagonists can improve PD motor symptoms as well as l-Dopa-induced dyskinesia. In this review we argue that the loss of NA neurons in PD has an impact on all PD symptoms and that the addition of NAergic agents to dopaminergic medication could be beneficial in the treatment of the disease.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Delaville</LastName><ForeName>Claire</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>UMR 5293, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Université de Bordeaux Bordeaux, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Deurwaerdère</LastName><ForeName>Philippe De</ForeName><Initials>PD</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Benazzouz</LastName><ForeName>Abdelhamid</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2011</Year><Month>05</Month><Day>18</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Switzerland</Country><MedlineTA>Front Syst Neurosci</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101477946</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1662-5137</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CommentsCorrectionsList><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Brain Res Bull. 1992 May;28(5):663-6</RefSource><PMID Version="1">1617453</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Neurology. 1984 Nov;34(11):1446-50</RefSource><PMID Version="1">6436731</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Neurobiol Dis. 2010 Apr;38(1):136-43</RefSource><PMID Version="1">20096781</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Neurosci. 1995 May;15(5 Pt 2):3863-75</RefSource><PMID Version="1">7751951</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Neuroscience. 1989;30(1):181-97</RefSource><PMID Version="1">2747911</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2009 Jul;116(7):867-74</RefSource><PMID Version="1">19468817</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 1999 Oct;23(7):1237-46</RefSource><PMID Version="1">10581645</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Synapse. 2008 Aug;62(8):632-5</RefSource><PMID Version="1">18509855</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol. 1988 Oct;62(1):93-102</RefSource><PMID Version="1">2849789</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Mov Disord. 2003 Aug;18(8):872-83</RefSource><PMID Version="1">12889076</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Adv Neurol. 2003;91:39-49</RefSource><PMID Version="1">12442662</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2003 Nov;368(5):342-51</RefSource><PMID Version="1">14566451</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Am J Psychiatry. 1990 Feb;147(2):217-20</RefSource><PMID Version="1">2301664</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Annu Rev Neurosci. 2005;28:403-50</RefSource><PMID Version="1">16022602</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Psychol Med. 2001 Jan;31(1):65-73</RefSource><PMID Version="1">11200961</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Comp Neurol. 2005 Dec 5;493(1):99-110</RefSource><PMID Version="1">16254995</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Adv Neurol. 2001;86:373-83</RefSource><PMID Version="1">11553999</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Neuroscience. 1991;44(3):591-605</RefSource><PMID Version="1">1754053</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Arch Neurol. 1984 Oct;41(10):1086-9</RefSource><PMID Version="1">6206831</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Neurosci Lett. 1990 Aug 14;116(1-2):194-7</RefSource><PMID Version="1">2259448</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol. 1983 Jan-Feb;9(1):3-19</RefSource><PMID Version="1">6133229</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Neurol Sci. 2006 Oct 25;248(1-2):35-41</RefSource><PMID Version="1">16753180</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Jul;81(14):4591-5</RefSource><PMID Version="1">6611553</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Eur J Neurosci. 1993 Apr 1;5(4):382-9</RefSource><PMID Version="1">8261116</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2001 May;155(3):251-9</RefSource><PMID Version="1">11432687</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Ann Neurol. 1992 Nov;32(5):667-76</RefSource><PMID Version="1">1449247</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Neurosci Res. 2008 Jul;86(9):2050-61</RefSource><PMID Version="1">18335518</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Neurology. 1987 Jul;37(7):1130-4</RefSource><PMID Version="1">2439947</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Neurobiol Dis. 2010 Oct;40(1):216-21</RefSource><PMID Version="1">20594979</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Neurosci Lett. 1985 Oct 24;61(1-2):195-200</RefSource><PMID Version="1">3878482</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Brain Res. 1986 Apr 2;370(1):127-35</RefSource><PMID Version="1">3085866</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Mech Ageing Dev. 1983 Sep;23(1):73-94</RefSource><PMID Version="1">6228698</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Exp Neurol. 2002 Jun;175(2):303-17</RefSource><PMID Version="1">12061862</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Brain Res Brain Res Rev. 2004 Apr;45(1):38-78</RefSource><PMID Version="1">15063099</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Mov Disord. 1999 Sep;14(5):744-53</RefSource><PMID Version="1">10495035</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Expert Rev Neurother. 2009 Feb;9(2):279-90</RefSource><PMID Version="1">19210201</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Adv Neurol. 1996;69:167-76</RefSource><PMID Version="1">8615126</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr. 1998 Jul;66(7):303-12</RefSource><PMID Version="1">9697005</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Lancet Neurol. 2010 Jun;9(6):573-80</RefSource><PMID Version="1">20452823</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 1998 Aug;4(2):53-7</RefSource><PMID Version="1">18591088</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Neural Transm (Vienna). 1997;104(4-5):363-77</RefSource><PMID Version="1">9295171</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>N Engl J Med. 1983 Aug 4;309(5):310</RefSource><PMID Version="1">6602944</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1999 Feb;288(2):798-804</RefSource><PMID Version="1">9918591</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Comp Neurol. 1989 Sep 15;287(3):373-92</RefSource><PMID Version="1">2570794</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Eur J Neurosci. 1998 Apr;10(4):1429-35</RefSource><PMID Version="1">9749797</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Neural Transm Park Dis Dement Sect. 1995;9(1):55-71</RefSource><PMID Version="1">7605590</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Neurosci. 2002 Nov 1;22(21):9150-4</RefSource><PMID Version="1">12417637</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Cogn Behav Neurol. 2003 Dec;16(4):225-33</RefSource><PMID Version="1">14665822</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Fundam Clin Pharmacol. 2010 Aug;24(4):407-21</RefSource><PMID Version="1">20163480</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Can J Neurol Sci. 1984 Feb;11(1 Suppl):160-5</RefSource><PMID Version="1">6608979</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Nihon Rinsho. 1997 Jan;55(1):59-64</RefSource><PMID Version="1">9014424</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Nihon Rinsho. 2004 Sep;62(9):1661-6</RefSource><PMID Version="1">15462381</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Auton Pharmacol. 1999 Dec;19(6):311-20</RefSource><PMID Version="1">10961736</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Eur J Pharmacol. 1985 Feb 5;108(3):233-41</RefSource><PMID Version="1">2859209</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1953 Nov;16(4):213-26</RefSource><PMID Version="1">13109537</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Neurobiol Dis. 2011 Feb;41(2):585-90</RefSource><PMID Version="1">21092759</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Clin Psychiatry. 2002 Apr;63(4):300-4</RefSource><PMID Version="1">12000202</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Mov Disord. 2004 Oct;19(10):1183-6</RefSource><PMID Version="1">15390018</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Exp Neurol. 2007 May;205(1):36-47</RefSource><PMID Version="1">17395181</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Clin Neuropharmacol. 1998 Mar-Apr;21(2):108-17</RefSource><PMID Version="1">9579297</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Neurol Sci. 1986 Mar;73(1):39-44</RefSource><PMID Version="1">3084714</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Ageing Res Rev. 2002 Feb;1(1):113-34</RefSource><PMID Version="1">12039452</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Br J Pharmacol. 1999 Dec;128(7):1577-85</RefSource><PMID Version="1">10602339</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Clin Neuropharmacol. 1993 Oct;16(5):418-27</RefSource><PMID Version="1">8106150</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Arch Neurol. 2003 Mar;60(3):337-41</RefSource><PMID Version="1">12633144</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Neurosci Methods. 2005 May 15;144(1):35-45</RefSource><PMID Version="1">15848237</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Science. 1990 Sep 21;249(4975):1436-8</RefSource><PMID Version="1">2402638</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Klin Wochenschr. 1960 Dec 15;38:1236-9</RefSource><PMID Version="1">13726012</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>No To Shinkei. 1991 Mar;43(3):263-8</RefSource><PMID Version="1">1907469</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2000 Feb;361(2):181-6</RefSource><PMID Version="1">10685874</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Histochem Cytochem. 1989 Sep;37(9):1435-42</RefSource><PMID Version="1">2768812</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Brain. 2005 Jun;128(Pt 6):1314-22</RefSource><PMID Version="1">15716302</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Med Biol. 1981 Jun;59(3):161-9</RefSource><PMID Version="1">6796787</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Eur J Pharmacol. 1985 Oct 22;116(3):221-8</RefSource><PMID Version="1">3878298</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Brain. 2007 Jul;130(Pt 7):1819-33</RefSource><PMID Version="1">17452372</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Brain. 2008 Jan;131(Pt 1):120-31</RefSource><PMID Version="1">17956909</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Med. 1985;16(5-6):525-34</RefSource><PMID Version="1">3938472</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Neurology. 1987 Jan;37(1):42-6</RefSource><PMID Version="1">3796837</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Neuropharmacology. 1987 Sep;26(9):1431-40</RefSource><PMID Version="1">3670563</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Ann Neurol. 1991 Sep;30(3):365-74</RefSource><PMID Version="1">1683212</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Neurol. 2004 Jan;251(1):24-9</RefSource><PMID Version="1">14999485</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Eur J Neurosci. 1997 Oct;9(10):2077-85</RefSource><PMID Version="1">9421168</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Neurosci Lett. 1991 Feb 25;123(2):244-7</RefSource><PMID Version="1">2027538</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2005 Nov;76(11):1472-8</RefSource><PMID Version="1">16227533</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Mov Disord. 2001 Jul;16(4):708-13</RefSource><PMID Version="1">11481696</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Ann Neurol. 1986 Oct;20(4):449-55</RefSource><PMID Version="1">3024555</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Neurology. 2009 Nov 17;73(20):1699-704</RefSource><PMID Version="1">19917994</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Brain Res. 1982 Mar 11;235(2):303-14</RefSource><PMID Version="1">7188329</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Neurosci. 2009 Jun 24;29(25):8103-13</RefSource><PMID Version="1">19553450</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Prog Brain Res. 1991;88:257-68</RefSource><PMID Version="1">1726027</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Neuropharmacology. 2003 Dec;45(8):1070-9</RefSource><PMID Version="1">14614950</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2009 Oct;116(10):1257-66</RefSource><PMID Version="1">19710996</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Prog Brain Res. 1991;88:293-305</RefSource><PMID Version="1">1726028</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Clin Neuropharmacol. 2003 Nov-Dec;26(6):299-305</RefSource><PMID Version="1">14646609</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 1988;12(6):849-64</RefSource><PMID Version="1">2907387</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2000 May;1(4):771-82</RefSource><PMID Version="1">11249515</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Eur J Pharmacol. 2007 Dec 8;576(1-3):83-90</RefSource><PMID Version="1">17888901</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Eur J Pharmacol. 2003 Feb 21;462(1-3):83-9</RefSource><PMID Version="1">12591099</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Brain Res. 2007 Mar 2;1135(1):219-29</RefSource><PMID Version="1">17222394</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Neurology. 1994 Jul;44(7 Suppl 6):S29-34</RefSource><PMID Version="1">8047258</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Neurosci. 2001 Sep 1;21(17):6853-61</RefSource><PMID Version="1">11517273</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Neural Transm (Vienna). 1997;104(4-5):441-9</RefSource><PMID Version="1">9295176</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Natl Inst Drug Abuse Res Monogr Ser. 1975 Nov;(3):13-21</RefSource><PMID Version="1">787796</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Eur J Neurosci. 2003 Jun;17(12):2586-92</RefSource><PMID Version="1">12823465</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Neurosci. 1989 Jul;9(7):2297-305</RefSource><PMID Version="1">2568408</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Neurology. 2010 Aug 3;75(5):448-55</RefSource><PMID Version="1">20679638</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Am J Psychiatry. 1992 Apr;149(4):443-54</RefSource><PMID Version="1">1372794</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1983;15 Suppl 2:277S-289S</RefSource><PMID Version="1">6337612</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Neuroscience. 1991;41(2-3):507-23</RefSource><PMID Version="1">1870701</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Neuroreport. 1999 Feb 25;10(3):631-4</RefSource><PMID Version="1">10208602</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Neurochem. 2010 May;113(4):1046-59</RefSource><PMID Version="1">20236221</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Neurosci Methods. 2006 Jan 15;150(1):111-5</RefSource><PMID Version="1">16098600</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2007 Nov;194(4):517-25</RefSource><PMID Version="1">17619858</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Mov Disord. 2001 Jul;16(4):642-50</RefSource><PMID Version="1">11481687</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr. 1997 Oct;65(10):435-45</RefSource><PMID Version="1">9445836</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Neurosci Bull. 2009 Feb;25(1):15-20</RefSource><PMID Version="1">19190684</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Prog Brain Res. 2010;184:325-41</RefSource><PMID Version="1">20887883</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Brain Res. 1986 Aug 6;379(2):286-93</RefSource><PMID Version="1">2427166</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Acta Med Okayama. 1984 Jun;38(3):301-4</RefSource><PMID Version="1">6431755</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Neurosci. 2007 Sep 5;27(36):9595-606</RefSource><PMID Version="1">17804620</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Eur J Neurosci. 1995 May 1;7(5):972-80</RefSource><PMID Version="1">7613632</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Med Res Rev. 1995 Sep;15(5):419-44</RefSource><PMID Version="1">8531503</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Nature. 1995 Apr 13;374(6523):643-6</RefSource><PMID Version="1">7715704</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Ann Neurol. 1991 Jun;29(6):577-84</RefSource><PMID Version="1">1892359</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Neuroscience. 2009 Feb 18;158(4):1284-91</RefSource><PMID Version="1">19041693</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Exp Neurol. 1998 Aug;152(2):259-77</RefSource><PMID Version="1">9710526</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Behav Neurol. 2006;17(1):43-51</RefSource><PMID Version="1">16720959</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1979 Jan;208(1):37-43</RefSource><PMID Version="1">759613</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Folia Neuropathol. 1997;35(2):80-6</RefSource><PMID Version="1">9377080</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Am J Psychiatry. 1986 Jun;143(6):756-9</RefSource><PMID Version="1">2424323</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Neural Transm Park Dis Dement Sect. 1993;5(1):27-34</RefSource><PMID Version="1">8439390</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Physiol. 1991 Oct;442:235-55</RefSource><PMID Version="1">1665858</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Neurol Sci. 1996 Jul;139(1):141-8</RefSource><PMID Version="1">8836986</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Neurol. 2004 Sep;251 Suppl 6:VI/24-7</RefSource><PMID Version="1">15675721</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Mov Disord. 1994 Jul;9(4):437-40</RefSource><PMID Version="1">7969211</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Eur J Pharmacol. 1996 Aug 1;309(1):1-11</RefSource><PMID Version="1">8864686</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Mov Disord. 1996 Nov;11(6):627-32</RefSource><PMID Version="1">8914087</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Curr Med Chem. 2007;14(22):2330-4</RefSource><PMID Version="1">17896981</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Arch Neurol. 1992 Mar;49(3):305-7</RefSource><PMID Version="1">1536634</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Prog Brain Res. 2010;184:133-57</RefSource><PMID Version="1">20887873</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Acta Neurol Scand. 1991 Jul;84(1):46-50</RefSource><PMID Version="1">1656690</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2006 Sep;113(9):1119-29</RefSource><PMID Version="1">16362627</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Neurology. 2008 May 13;70(20):1916-25</RefSource><PMID Version="1">18474848</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova. 2002;102(9):37-40</RefSource><PMID Version="1">12378880</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Brain Res. 1984 Nov 26;322(2):269-75</RefSource><PMID Version="1">6095967</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1979 Mar;10(3):421-7</RefSource><PMID Version="1">450952</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Clin Neurophysiol. 1992 Apr;9(2):212-23</RefSource><PMID Version="1">1350591</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Int J Neurosci. 1996 Mar;85(1-2):111-24</RefSource><PMID Version="1">8727687</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Neurochem. 2004 Dec;91(5):1116-24</RefSource><PMID Version="1">15569255</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Neuroscience. 2008 Oct 28;156(4):830-40</RefSource><PMID Version="1">18817851</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Brain Res Brain Res Rev. 2003 Apr;42(1):33-84</RefSource><PMID Version="1">12668290</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Biochem Pharmacol. 2007 Jul 15;74(2):177-90</RefSource><PMID Version="1">17416354</PMID></CommentsCorrections></CommentsCorrectionsList><OtherID Source="NLM">PMC3103977</OtherID><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Parkinson's disease</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">dopamine</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">locus coeruleus</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">motor and non-motor symptoms</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">noradrenaline</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2011</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>02</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2011</Year><Month>05</Month><Day>04</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2011</Year><Month>6</Month><Day>8</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2011</Year><Month>6</Month><Day>8</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2011</Year><Month>6</Month><Day>8</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>1</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>epublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">21647359</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.3389/fnsys.2011.00031</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC3103977</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed><affiliations><list><country><li>France</li></country></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Benazzouz, Abdelhamid" sort="Benazzouz, Abdelhamid" uniqKey="Benazzouz A" first="Abdelhamid" last="Benazzouz">Abdelhamid Benazzouz</name><name sortKey="Deurwaerdere, Philippe De" sort="Deurwaerdere, Philippe De" uniqKey="Deurwaerdere P" first="Philippe De" last="Deurwaerdère">Philippe De Deurwaerdère</name></noCountry><country name="France"><noRegion><name sortKey="Delaville, Claire" sort="Delaville, Claire" uniqKey="Delaville C" first="Claire" last="Delaville">Claire Delaville</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Wicri/Sante/explor/ParkinsonFranceV1/Data/PubMed/Checkpoint
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 000882 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/PubMed/Checkpoint/biblio.hfd -nk 000882 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Wicri/Sante
|area= ParkinsonFranceV1
|flux= PubMed
|étape= Checkpoint
|type= RBID
|clé= pubmed:21647359
|texte= Noradrenaline and Parkinson's disease.
}}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/PubMed/Checkpoint/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:21647359" \
| HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/PubMed/Checkpoint/biblio.hfd \
| NlmPubMed2Wicri -a ParkinsonFranceV1
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.29. |  |