Protective Effects of Physical Exercise in Alzheimer's Disease and Parkinson's Disease: A Narrative Review.
Identifieur interne : 000287 ( PubMed/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000286; suivant : 000288Protective Effects of Physical Exercise in Alzheimer's Disease and Parkinson's Disease: A Narrative Review.
Auteurs : Thierry Paillard [France] ; Yves Rolland [France] ; Philipe De Souto Barreto [France]Source :
- Journal of clinical neurology (Seoul, Korea) [ 1738-6586 ] ; 2015.
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are devastating, frequent, and still incurable neurodegenerative diseases that manifest as cognitive and motor disorders. Epidemiological data support an inverse relationship between the amount of physical activity (PA) undertaken and the risk of developing these two diseases. Beyond this preventive role, exercise may also slow down their progression. Several mechanisms have been suggested for explaining the benefits of PA in the prevention of AD. Aerobic physical exercise (PE) activates the release of neurotrophic factors and promotes angiogenesis, thereby facilitating neurogenesis and synaptogenesis, which in turn improve memory and cognitive functions. Research has shown that the neuroprotective mechanisms induced by PE are linked to an increased production of superoxide dismutase, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, nerve growth factor, insulin-like growth factor, and vascular endothelial growth factor, and a reduction in the production of free radicals in brain areas such as the hippocampus, which is particularly involved in memory. Other mechanisms have also been reported in the prevention of PD. Exercise limits the alteration in dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and contributes to optimal functioning of the basal ganglia involved in motor commands and control by adaptive mechanisms involving dopamine and glutamate neurotransmission. AD and PD are expansive throughout our ageing society, and so even a small impact of nonpharmacological interventions, such as PA and exercise, may have a major impact on public health.
DOI: 10.3988/jcn.2015.11.3.212
PubMed: 26174783
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Clinique des Minimes, Toulouse, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Gerontopole of Toulouse, Institute of Ageing, University Hospital of Toulouse (CHU-Toulouse), Toulouse, France.; UMR INSERM 1027, University of Toulouse III, Toulouse, France; 3. Clinique des Minimes, Toulouse</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Occitanie (région administrative)</region><region type="old region">Midi-Pyrénées</region><settlement type="city">Toulouse</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Souto Barreto, Philipe" sort="De Souto Barreto, Philipe" uniqKey="De Souto Barreto P" first="Philipe" last="De Souto Barreto">Philipe De Souto Barreto</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Gerontopole of Toulouse, Institute of Ageing, University Hospital of Toulouse (CHU-Toulouse), Toulouse, France.; UMR INSERM 1027, University of Toulouse III, Toulouse, France; 3. Clinique des Minimes, Toulouse, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Gerontopole of Toulouse, Institute of Ageing, University Hospital of Toulouse (CHU-Toulouse), Toulouse, France.; UMR INSERM 1027, University of Toulouse III, Toulouse, France; 3. Clinique des Minimes, Toulouse</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Occitanie (région administrative)</region><region type="old region">Midi-Pyrénées</region><settlement type="city">Toulouse</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Journal of clinical neurology (Seoul, Korea)</title><idno type="ISSN">1738-6586</idno><imprint><date when="2015" type="published">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are devastating, frequent, and still incurable neurodegenerative diseases that manifest as cognitive and motor disorders. Epidemiological data support an inverse relationship between the amount of physical activity (PA) undertaken and the risk of developing these two diseases. Beyond this preventive role, exercise may also slow down their progression. Several mechanisms have been suggested for explaining the benefits of PA in the prevention of AD. Aerobic physical exercise (PE) activates the release of neurotrophic factors and promotes angiogenesis, thereby facilitating neurogenesis and synaptogenesis, which in turn improve memory and cognitive functions. Research has shown that the neuroprotective mechanisms induced by PE are linked to an increased production of superoxide dismutase, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, nerve growth factor, insulin-like growth factor, and vascular endothelial growth factor, and a reduction in the production of free radicals in brain areas such as the hippocampus, which is particularly involved in memory. Other mechanisms have also been reported in the prevention of PD. Exercise limits the alteration in dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and contributes to optimal functioning of the basal ganglia involved in motor commands and control by adaptive mechanisms involving dopamine and glutamate neurotransmission. AD and PD are expansive throughout our ageing society, and so even a small impact of nonpharmacological interventions, such as PA and exercise, may have a major impact on public health.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="PubMed-not-MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">26174783</PMID><DateCreated><Year>2015</Year><Month>07</Month><Day>16</Day></DateCreated><DateCompleted><Year>2015</Year><Month>07</Month><Day>16</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2015</Year><Month>07</Month><Day>29</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Print">1738-6586</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Print"><Volume>11</Volume><Issue>3</Issue><PubDate><Year>2015</Year><Month>Jul</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Journal of clinical neurology (Seoul, Korea)</Title><ISOAbbreviation>J Clin Neurol</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Protective Effects of Physical Exercise in Alzheimer's Disease and Parkinson's Disease: A Narrative Review.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>212-9</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.3988/jcn.2015.11.3.212</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are devastating, frequent, and still incurable neurodegenerative diseases that manifest as cognitive and motor disorders. Epidemiological data support an inverse relationship between the amount of physical activity (PA) undertaken and the risk of developing these two diseases. Beyond this preventive role, exercise may also slow down their progression. Several mechanisms have been suggested for explaining the benefits of PA in the prevention of AD. Aerobic physical exercise (PE) activates the release of neurotrophic factors and promotes angiogenesis, thereby facilitating neurogenesis and synaptogenesis, which in turn improve memory and cognitive functions. Research has shown that the neuroprotective mechanisms induced by PE are linked to an increased production of superoxide dismutase, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, nerve growth factor, insulin-like growth factor, and vascular endothelial growth factor, and a reduction in the production of free radicals in brain areas such as the hippocampus, which is particularly involved in memory. Other mechanisms have also been reported in the prevention of PD. Exercise limits the alteration in dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and contributes to optimal functioning of the basal ganglia involved in motor commands and control by adaptive mechanisms involving dopamine and glutamate neurotransmission. AD and PD are expansive throughout our ageing society, and so even a small impact of nonpharmacological interventions, such as PA and exercise, may have a major impact on public health.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Paillard</LastName><ForeName>Thierry</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratoire Activité Physique, Performance et Santé (EA 4445), Université de Pau & Pays de l'Adour, Département STAPS, Tarbes, France. thierry.paillard@univ-pau.fr.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Rolland</LastName><ForeName>Yves</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Gerontopole of Toulouse, Institute of Ageing, University Hospital of Toulouse (CHU-Toulouse), Toulouse, France.; UMR INSERM 1027, University of Toulouse III, Toulouse, France; 3. Clinique des Minimes, Toulouse, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>de Souto Barreto</LastName><ForeName>Philipe</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Gerontopole of Toulouse, Institute of Ageing, University Hospital of Toulouse (CHU-Toulouse), Toulouse, France.; UMR INSERM 1027, University of Toulouse III, Toulouse, France; 3. Clinique des Minimes, Toulouse, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016454">Review</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Korea (South)</Country><MedlineTA>J Clin Neurol</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101252374</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1738-6586</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><OtherID Source="NLM">PMC4507374</OtherID><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Alzheimer's disease</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Parkinson's disease</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">exercise</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">physical activity</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">prevention</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">slowing-down effects</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2014</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>08</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2015</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>02</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2015</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>05</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2015</Year><Month>7</Month><Day>16</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2015</Year><Month>7</Month><Day>16</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2015</Year><Month>7</Month><Day>16</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>1</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">26174783</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">201507212</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.3988/jcn.2015.11.3.212</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC4507374</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed><affiliations><list><country><li>France</li></country><region><li>Midi-Pyrénées</li><li>Occitanie (région administrative)</li></region><settlement><li>Tarbes</li><li>Toulouse</li></settlement></list><tree><country name="France"><region name="Occitanie (région administrative)"><name sortKey="Paillard, Thierry" sort="Paillard, Thierry" uniqKey="Paillard T" first="Thierry" last="Paillard">Thierry Paillard</name></region><name sortKey="De Souto Barreto, Philipe" sort="De Souto Barreto, Philipe" uniqKey="De Souto Barreto P" first="Philipe" last="De Souto Barreto">Philipe De Souto Barreto</name><name sortKey="Rolland, Yves" sort="Rolland, Yves" uniqKey="Rolland Y" first="Yves" last="Rolland">Yves Rolland</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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