Motor preparation is more impaired in Parkinson's disease when sensorimotor integration is involved
Identifieur interne : 000D64 ( PascalFrancis/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000D63; suivant : 000D65Motor preparation is more impaired in Parkinson's disease when sensorimotor integration is involved
Auteurs : E. Labyt [France] ; D. Devos [France] ; J.-L. Bourriez [France] ; F. Cassim [France] ; A. Destee [France] ; J.-D. Guieu [France] ; L. Defebvre [France] ; P. Derambure [France]Source :
- Clinical neurophysiology [ 1388-2457 ] ; 2003.
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Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to investigate changes in spatio-temporal, event-related (de)synchronization (ERD/ERS) patterns recorded with respect to the more akinetic versus the less akinetic side during performance of a visuo-guided targeting movement when compared to an index finger extension. Methods: Twelve de novo parkinsonian patients were recorded. ERD/ERS in mu and beta frequency bands was computed from 21 source derivations. Results: When the index finger extension was performed with the less akinetic limb, mu ERD focused over contralateral central region appeared 2 s before movement. With the targeting movement, additional pre-movement mu ERD was observed over the parietal region, as well as earlier ipsilateral mu ERD. When the same movements were performed with the more akinetic limb, we observed delayed mu ERD over contralateral regions, earlier ipsilateral mu ERD and a lack of contralateral parietal mu ERD before the targeting movement. Following index finger extension for the less akinetic limb, a focused contralateral central beta ERS was recorded, increasing and spreading after the targeting movement. In contrast, for the more akinetic limb, beta ERS was dramatically attenuated and remained unchanged after the targeting movement. Conclusions: These results confirm the fact that motor programming is delayed, and provide some insight into what may well be impaired sensorimotor integration in Parkinson's disease.
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Salengro Hospital, University Medical Center</s1><s2>59037 Lille</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Hauts-de-France</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Nord-Pas-de-Calais</region><settlement type="city">Lille</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Defebvre, L" sort="Defebvre, L" uniqKey="Defebvre L" first="L." last="Defebvre">L. Defebvre</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Department of Neurology A, EA2683 MENRT, R. Salengro Hospital, University Medical Center</s1><s2>Lille</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region">Hauts-de-France</region><region type="old region">Nord-Pas-de-Calais</region><settlement type="city">Lille</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Derambure, P" sort="Derambure, P" uniqKey="Derambure P" first="P." last="Derambure">P. Derambure</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, EA2683 MENRT, R. Salengro Hospital, University Medical Center</s1><s2>59037 Lille</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Hauts-de-France</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Nord-Pas-de-Calais</region><settlement type="city">Lille</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">INIST</idno><idno type="inist">04-0259458</idno><date when="2003">2003</date><idno type="stanalyst">PASCAL 04-0259458 INIST</idno><idno type="RBID">Pascal:04-0259458</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Corpus">000E25</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Curation">000609</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Checkpoint">000D64</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PascalFrancis" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000D64</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a">Motor preparation is more impaired in Parkinson's disease when sensorimotor integration is involved</title><author><name sortKey="Labyt, E" sort="Labyt, E" uniqKey="Labyt E" first="E." last="Labyt">E. Labyt</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, EA2683 MENRT, R. Salengro Hospital, University Medical Center</s1><s2>59037 Lille</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Hauts-de-France</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Nord-Pas-de-Calais</region><settlement type="city">Lille</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Devos, D" sort="Devos, D" uniqKey="Devos D" first="D." last="Devos">D. Devos</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Department of Neurology A, EA2683 MENRT, R. Salengro Hospital, University Medical Center</s1><s2>Lille</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region">Hauts-de-France</region><region type="old region">Nord-Pas-de-Calais</region><settlement type="city">Lille</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bourriez, J L" sort="Bourriez, J L" uniqKey="Bourriez J" first="J.-L." last="Bourriez">J.-L. Bourriez</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, EA2683 MENRT, R. Salengro Hospital, University Medical Center</s1><s2>59037 Lille</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Hauts-de-France</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Nord-Pas-de-Calais</region><settlement type="city">Lille</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cassim, F" sort="Cassim, F" uniqKey="Cassim F" first="F." last="Cassim">F. Cassim</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, EA2683 MENRT, R. Salengro Hospital, University Medical Center</s1><s2>59037 Lille</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Hauts-de-France</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Nord-Pas-de-Calais</region><settlement type="city">Lille</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Destee, A" sort="Destee, A" uniqKey="Destee A" first="A." last="Destee">A. Destee</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Department of Neurology A, EA2683 MENRT, R. Salengro Hospital, University Medical Center</s1><s2>Lille</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region">Hauts-de-France</region><region type="old region">Nord-Pas-de-Calais</region><settlement type="city">Lille</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Guieu, J D" sort="Guieu, J D" uniqKey="Guieu J" first="J.-D." last="Guieu">J.-D. Guieu</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, EA2683 MENRT, R. Salengro Hospital, University Medical Center</s1><s2>59037 Lille</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Hauts-de-France</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Nord-Pas-de-Calais</region><settlement type="city">Lille</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Defebvre, L" sort="Defebvre, L" uniqKey="Defebvre L" first="L." last="Defebvre">L. Defebvre</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Department of Neurology A, EA2683 MENRT, R. Salengro Hospital, University Medical Center</s1><s2>Lille</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region">Hauts-de-France</region><region type="old region">Nord-Pas-de-Calais</region><settlement type="city">Lille</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Derambure, P" sort="Derambure, P" uniqKey="Derambure P" first="P." last="Derambure">P. Derambure</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, EA2683 MENRT, R. Salengro Hospital, University Medical Center</s1><s2>59037 Lille</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Hauts-de-France</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Nord-Pas-de-Calais</region><settlement type="city">Lille</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j" type="main">Clinical neurophysiology</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">Clin. neurophysiol.</title><idno type="ISSN">1388-2457</idno><imprint><date when="2003">2003</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><title level="j" type="main">Clinical neurophysiology</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">Clin. neurophysiol.</title><idno type="ISSN">1388-2457</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Body movement</term><term>Desynchronization</term><term>Electrodiagnosis</term><term>Extension</term><term>Finger</term><term>Human</term><term>Motor control</term><term>Motor preparation</term><term>Parkinson disease</term><term>Performance</term><term>Sensorimotor coordination</term><term>Synchronization</term><term>Topography</term><term>Visuomotor control</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr"><term>Préparation motrice</term><term>Coordination sensorimotrice</term><term>Synchronisation</term><term>Performance</term><term>Mouvement corporel</term><term>Doigt</term><term>Extension</term><term>Contrôle moteur</term><term>Désynchronisation</term><term>Contrôle visuomoteur</term><term>Parkinson maladie</term><term>Electrodiagnostic</term><term>Topographie</term><term>Homme</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="topic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Homme</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Objective: This study aimed to investigate changes in spatio-temporal, event-related (de)synchronization (ERD/ERS) patterns recorded with respect to the more akinetic versus the less akinetic side during performance of a visuo-guided targeting movement when compared to an index finger extension. Methods: Twelve de novo parkinsonian patients were recorded. ERD/ERS in mu and beta frequency bands was computed from 21 source derivations. Results: When the index finger extension was performed with the less akinetic limb, mu ERD focused over contralateral central region appeared 2 s before movement. With the targeting movement, additional pre-movement mu ERD was observed over the parietal region, as well as earlier ipsilateral mu ERD. When the same movements were performed with the more akinetic limb, we observed delayed mu ERD over contralateral regions, earlier ipsilateral mu ERD and a lack of contralateral parietal mu ERD before the targeting movement. Following index finger extension for the less akinetic limb, a focused contralateral central beta ERS was recorded, increasing and spreading after the targeting movement. In contrast, for the more akinetic limb, beta ERS was dramatically attenuated and remained unchanged after the targeting movement. Conclusions: These results confirm the fact that motor programming is delayed, and provide some insight into what may well be impaired sensorimotor integration in Parkinson's disease.</div></front></TEI><inist><standard h6="B"><pA><fA01 i1="01" i2="1"><s0>1388-2457</s0></fA01><fA03 i2="1"><s0>Clin. neurophysiol.</s0></fA03><fA05><s2>114</s2></fA05><fA06><s2>12</s2></fA06><fA08 i1="01" i2="1" l="ENG"><s1>Motor preparation is more impaired in Parkinson's disease when sensorimotor integration is involved</s1></fA08><fA11 i1="01" i2="1"><s1>LABYT (E.)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="02" i2="1"><s1>DEVOS (D.)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="03" i2="1"><s1>BOURRIEZ (J.-L.)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="04" i2="1"><s1>CASSIM (F.)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="05" i2="1"><s1>DESTEE (A.)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="06" i2="1"><s1>GUIEU (J.-D.)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="07" i2="1"><s1>DEFEBVRE (L.)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="08" i2="1"><s1>DERAMBURE (P.)</s1></fA11><fA14 i1="01"><s1>Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, EA2683 MENRT, R. Salengro Hospital, University Medical Center</s1><s2>59037 Lille</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="02"><s1>Department of Neurology A, EA2683 MENRT, R. Salengro Hospital, University Medical Center</s1><s2>Lille</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA20><s1>2423-2433</s1></fA20><fA21><s1>2003</s1></fA21><fA23 i1="01"><s0>ENG</s0></fA23><fA43 i1="01"><s1>INIST</s1><s2>5626E</s2><s5>354000118910910220</s5></fA43><fA44><s0>0000</s0><s1>© 2004 INIST-CNRS. All rights reserved.</s1></fA44><fA45><s0>1 p.1/4</s0></fA45><fA47 i1="01" i2="1"><s0>04-0259458</s0></fA47><fA60><s1>P</s1></fA60><fA61><s0>A</s0></fA61><fA64 i1="01" i2="1"><s0>Clinical neurophysiology</s0></fA64><fA66 i1="01"><s0>IRL</s0></fA66><fC01 i1="01" l="ENG"><s0>Objective: This study aimed to investigate changes in spatio-temporal, event-related (de)synchronization (ERD/ERS) patterns recorded with respect to the more akinetic versus the less akinetic side during performance of a visuo-guided targeting movement when compared to an index finger extension. Methods: Twelve de novo parkinsonian patients were recorded. ERD/ERS in mu and beta frequency bands was computed from 21 source derivations. Results: When the index finger extension was performed with the less akinetic limb, mu ERD focused over contralateral central region appeared 2 s before movement. With the targeting movement, additional pre-movement mu ERD was observed over the parietal region, as well as earlier ipsilateral mu ERD. When the same movements were performed with the more akinetic limb, we observed delayed mu ERD over contralateral regions, earlier ipsilateral mu ERD and a lack of contralateral parietal mu ERD before the targeting movement. Following index finger extension for the less akinetic limb, a focused contralateral central beta ERS was recorded, increasing and spreading after the targeting movement. In contrast, for the more akinetic limb, beta ERS was dramatically attenuated and remained unchanged after the targeting movement. Conclusions: These results confirm the fact that motor programming is delayed, and provide some insight into what may well be impaired sensorimotor integration in Parkinson's disease.</s0></fC01><fC02 i1="01" i2="X"><s0>002B17G</s0></fC02><fC03 i1="01" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Préparation motrice</s0><s5>01</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="01" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Motor preparation</s0><s5>01</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="01" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Preparación motriz</s0><s5>01</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="02" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Coordination sensorimotrice</s0><s5>02</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="02" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Sensorimotor coordination</s0><s5>02</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="02" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Coordinación sensoriomotora</s0><s5>02</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="03" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Synchronisation</s0><s5>03</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="03" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Synchronization</s0><s5>03</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="03" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Sincronización</s0><s5>03</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="04" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Performance</s0><s5>04</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="04" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Performance</s0><s5>04</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="04" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Rendimiento</s0><s5>04</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="05" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Mouvement corporel</s0><s5>05</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="05" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Body movement</s0><s5>05</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="05" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Movimiento corporal</s0><s5>05</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="06" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Doigt</s0><s5>06</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="06" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Finger</s0><s5>06</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="06" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Dedo</s0><s5>06</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="07" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Extension</s0><s5>07</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="07" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Extension</s0><s5>07</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="07" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Extensión</s0><s5>07</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="08" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Contrôle moteur</s0><s5>08</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="08" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Motor control</s0><s5>08</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="08" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Control motor</s0><s5>08</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="09" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Désynchronisation</s0><s5>10</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="09" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Desynchronization</s0><s5>10</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="09" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Desincronización</s0><s5>10</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="10" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Contrôle visuomoteur</s0><s5>11</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="10" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Visuomotor control</s0><s5>11</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="10" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Control visuomotor</s0><s5>11</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="11" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Parkinson maladie</s0><s5>12</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="11" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Parkinson disease</s0><s5>12</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="11" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Parkinson enfermedad</s0><s5>12</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="12" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Electrodiagnostic</s0><s5>13</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="12" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Electrodiagnosis</s0><s5>13</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="12" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Electrodiagnóstico</s0><s5>13</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="13" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Topographie</s0><s5>14</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="13" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Topography</s0><s5>14</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="13" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Topografía</s0><s5>14</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="14" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Homme</s0><s5>54</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="14" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Human</s0><s5>54</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="14" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Hombre</s0><s5>54</s5></fC03><fC07 i1="01" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Système nerveux pathologie</s0><s5>20</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="01" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Nervous system diseases</s0><s5>20</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="01" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Sistema nervioso patología</s0><s5>20</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="02" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Encéphale pathologie</s0><s5>21</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="02" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Cerebral disorder</s0><s5>21</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="02" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Encéfalo patología</s0><s5>21</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="03" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Extrapyramidal syndrome</s0><s5>22</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="03" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Extrapyramidal syndrome</s0><s5>22</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="03" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Extrapiramidal síndrome</s0><s5>22</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="04" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Maladie dégénérative</s0><s5>23</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="04" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Degenerative disease</s0><s5>23</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="04" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Enfermedad degenerativa</s0><s5>23</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="05" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Système nerveux central pathologie</s0><s5>24</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="05" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Central nervous system disease</s0><s5>24</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="05" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Sistema nervosio central patología</s0><s5>24</s5></fC07><fN21><s1>166</s1></fN21></pA></standard></inist><affiliations><list><country><li>France</li></country><region><li>Hauts-de-France</li><li>Nord-Pas-de-Calais</li></region><settlement><li>Lille</li></settlement></list><tree><country name="France"><region name="Hauts-de-France"><name sortKey="Labyt, E" sort="Labyt, E" uniqKey="Labyt E" first="E." last="Labyt">E. Labyt</name></region><name sortKey="Bourriez, J L" sort="Bourriez, J L" uniqKey="Bourriez J" first="J.-L." last="Bourriez">J.-L. Bourriez</name><name sortKey="Cassim, F" sort="Cassim, F" uniqKey="Cassim F" first="F." last="Cassim">F. Cassim</name><name sortKey="Defebvre, L" sort="Defebvre, L" uniqKey="Defebvre L" first="L." last="Defebvre">L. Defebvre</name><name sortKey="Derambure, P" sort="Derambure, P" uniqKey="Derambure P" first="P." last="Derambure">P. Derambure</name><name sortKey="Destee, A" sort="Destee, A" uniqKey="Destee A" first="A." last="Destee">A. Destee</name><name sortKey="Devos, D" sort="Devos, D" uniqKey="Devos D" first="D." last="Devos">D. Devos</name><name sortKey="Guieu, J D" sort="Guieu, J D" uniqKey="Guieu J" first="J.-D." last="Guieu">J.-D. Guieu</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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|area= ParkinsonFranceV1
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|texte= Motor preparation is more impaired in Parkinson's disease when sensorimotor integration is involved
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