Oligomerization and fibrillization properties of amyloid peptides and interactions with inhibitors
Identifieur interne : 000405 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000404; suivant : 000406Oligomerization and fibrillization properties of amyloid peptides and interactions with inhibitors
Auteurs : Anais Hoffmann [France]Source :
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Abstract
Amyloid diseases, including Alzheimer's (AD), Parkinson's, Prion diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), are characterized by the accumulation of insoluble fibrillar aggregates in tissues. These diseases are the result of the aberrant folding of proteins that constitute the main component of the fibrils. My thesis project focused on two amyloid peptides: β-amyloid peptide, a 40/42 residue peptide involved in AD, and Islet Amyloid PolyPeptide (IAPP), a 37 residue peptide linked with T2DM. Although the mechanism of oligomerization is still unclear, it is known to be a stepwise process that includes a nucleation phase, where the peptides are mainly monomeric and slowly form aggregates, followed by an elongation phase, characterized by the formation of large prefibrillar oligomers leading to mature fibrils. A first part of my project focused on the early stages of fibrillation of IAPP, using a set of complementary biophysical techniques. This study showed that the oligomerization pathway of IAPP involved no or short time lived oligomers favoring the formation of large aggregates. In a second step, I investigated the effect of residue 18 and global charge of IAPP by a mutational analysis of residue His18 and biophysical analysis at pH 5.5 and 7.4. The results showed that (1) the substitution of His18 slowed down the kinetics of fibrillation of IAPP by affecting the interactions between monomers, (2) acidic pH was unfavorable for the process. Finally, we examined the interaction of amyloid peptides with potential inhibitors of synthetic (sugar or fluor-based peptides) or natural origin (epigallocatechingallate). Different mechanisms of action could be characterized.
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These diseases are the result of the aberrant folding of proteins that constitute the main component of the fibrils. My thesis project focused on two amyloid peptides: β-amyloid peptide, a 40/42 residue peptide involved in AD, and Islet Amyloid PolyPeptide (IAPP), a 37 residue peptide linked with T2DM. Although the mechanism of oligomerization is still unclear, it is known to be a stepwise process that includes a nucleation phase, where the peptides are mainly monomeric and slowly form aggregates, followed by an elongation phase, characterized by the formation of large prefibrillar oligomers leading to mature fibrils. A first part of my project focused on the early stages of fibrillation of IAPP, using a set of complementary biophysical techniques. This study showed that the oligomerization pathway of IAPP involved no or short time lived oligomers favoring the formation of large aggregates. In a second step, I investigated the effect of residue 18 and global charge of IAPP by a mutational analysis of residue His18 and biophysical analysis at pH 5.5 and 7.4. The results showed that (1) the substitution of His18 slowed down the kinetics of fibrillation of IAPP by affecting the interactions between monomers, (2) acidic pH was unfavorable for the process. Finally, we examined the interaction of amyloid peptides with potential inhibitors of synthetic (sugar or fluor-based peptides) or natural origin (epigallocatechingallate). Different mechanisms of action could be characterized.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>France</li></country></list><tree><country name="France"><noRegion><name sortKey="Hoffmann, Anais" sort="Hoffmann, Anais" uniqKey="Hoffmann A" first="Anais" last="Hoffmann">Anais Hoffmann</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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