Effects of complete and partial lesions of the dopaminergic mesotelencephalic system on skilled forelimb use in the rat
Identifieur interne : 001165 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001164; suivant : 001166Effects of complete and partial lesions of the dopaminergic mesotelencephalic system on skilled forelimb use in the rat
Auteurs : P. Barnéoud ; S. Parmentier ; M. Mazadier ; J. M. Miquet ; A. Boireau ; P. Dubédat ; J.-C. BlanchardSource :
- Neuroscience [ 0306-4522 ] ; 1995.
English descriptors
Abstract
Abstract: This study compares certain behavioural consequences of partial and complete unilateral lesions of the dopaminergic mesotelencephalic system. We investigated skilled forelimb use, rotations induced by apomorphine and amphetamine, and dopaminergic metabolism of the nigrostriatal system of rats that had received a unilateral injection of 6-hydroxydopamine into the medial forebrain bundle. The rats classified Apo(+), that rotated after the administrations of apomorphine, had a complete lesion of the nigrostriatal system, whereas those classified Apo(−), that did not rotate after the administration of apomorphine, had a partial lesion of the nigrostriatal system. In the Apo(+) rats, 99.8% of the dopamine in the striatum was depleted, as was 85% of that in the substantia nigra. For the Apo(−) rats, 72% of the dopamine in the striatum was depleted as was 56% of that in the substantia nigra. When investigated with the staircase test, the animals with the most severe dopamine depletions were those most impaired in the paw reaching task. Complete and partial unilateral depletions of the dopaminergic mesotelencephalic system impaired the heirarhic phases of paw reaching differently. A complete dopamine depletion, but not a partial one, decreased the number of attempts made with the contralateral paw, and induced a bias towards the ipsilateral paw. A partial dopamine lesion impaired the sensorimotor co-ordination of both paws, whereas the complete dopamine lesion had a greater effect on the contralateral paw than on the ipsilateral paw.The mild paw reaching impairments observed in animals with moderate depletions of dopamine are proposed as a model of the early symptoms of Parkinson's disease that may be useful for the development of protective or restorative therapies.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/0306-4522(95)00112-V
Links to Exploration step
ISTEX:88F30D08C9B0F050F665BCBA52C0A90643D2405ALe document en format XML
<record><TEI wicri:istexFullTextTei="biblStruct"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Effects of complete and partial lesions of the dopaminergic mesotelencephalic system on skilled forelimb use in the rat</title><author><name sortKey="Barneoud, P" sort="Barneoud, P" uniqKey="Barneoud P" first="P." last="Barnéoud">P. Barnéoud</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Rhoˆne-Poulenc Rorer S.A., Centre de Recherches de Vitry-Alfortville, Département de Biologie, 13 quai Jules Guesde, F-94403, Vitry-sur-Seine Cedex, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Parmentier, S" sort="Parmentier, S" uniqKey="Parmentier S" first="S." last="Parmentier">S. Parmentier</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Rhoˆne-Poulenc Rorer S.A., Centre de Recherches de Vitry-Alfortville, Département de Biologie, 13 quai Jules Guesde, F-94403, Vitry-sur-Seine Cedex, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mazadier, M" sort="Mazadier, M" uniqKey="Mazadier M" first="M." last="Mazadier">M. Mazadier</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Rhoˆne-Poulenc Rorer S.A., Centre de Recherches de Vitry-Alfortville, Département de Biologie, 13 quai Jules Guesde, F-94403, Vitry-sur-Seine Cedex, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Miquet, J M" sort="Miquet, J M" uniqKey="Miquet J" first="J. M." last="Miquet">J. M. Miquet</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Rhoˆne-Poulenc Rorer S.A., Centre de Recherches de Vitry-Alfortville, Département de Biologie, 13 quai Jules Guesde, F-94403, Vitry-sur-Seine Cedex, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Boireau, A" sort="Boireau, A" uniqKey="Boireau A" first="A." last="Boireau">A. Boireau</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Rhoˆne-Poulenc Rorer S.A., Centre de Recherches de Vitry-Alfortville, Département de Biologie, 13 quai Jules Guesde, F-94403, Vitry-sur-Seine Cedex, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dubedat, P" sort="Dubedat, P" uniqKey="Dubedat P" first="P." last="Dubédat">P. Dubédat</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Rhoˆne-Poulenc Rorer S.A., Centre de Recherches de Vitry-Alfortville, Département de Biologie, 13 quai Jules Guesde, F-94403, Vitry-sur-Seine Cedex, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Blanchard, J C" sort="Blanchard, J C" uniqKey="Blanchard J" first="J.-C." last="Blanchard">J.-C. Blanchard</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Rhoˆne-Poulenc Rorer S.A., Centre de Recherches de Vitry-Alfortville, Département de Biologie, 13 quai Jules Guesde, F-94403, Vitry-sur-Seine Cedex, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:88F30D08C9B0F050F665BCBA52C0A90643D2405A</idno><date when="1995" year="1995">1995</date><idno type="doi">10.1016/0306-4522(95)00112-V</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/88F30D08C9B0F050F665BCBA52C0A90643D2405A/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">001165</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">001165</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Effects of complete and partial lesions of the dopaminergic mesotelencephalic system on skilled forelimb use in the rat</title><author><name sortKey="Barneoud, P" sort="Barneoud, P" uniqKey="Barneoud P" first="P." last="Barnéoud">P. Barnéoud</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Rhoˆne-Poulenc Rorer S.A., Centre de Recherches de Vitry-Alfortville, Département de Biologie, 13 quai Jules Guesde, F-94403, Vitry-sur-Seine Cedex, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Parmentier, S" sort="Parmentier, S" uniqKey="Parmentier S" first="S." last="Parmentier">S. Parmentier</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Rhoˆne-Poulenc Rorer S.A., Centre de Recherches de Vitry-Alfortville, Département de Biologie, 13 quai Jules Guesde, F-94403, Vitry-sur-Seine Cedex, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mazadier, M" sort="Mazadier, M" uniqKey="Mazadier M" first="M." last="Mazadier">M. Mazadier</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Rhoˆne-Poulenc Rorer S.A., Centre de Recherches de Vitry-Alfortville, Département de Biologie, 13 quai Jules Guesde, F-94403, Vitry-sur-Seine Cedex, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Miquet, J M" sort="Miquet, J M" uniqKey="Miquet J" first="J. M." last="Miquet">J. M. Miquet</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Rhoˆne-Poulenc Rorer S.A., Centre de Recherches de Vitry-Alfortville, Département de Biologie, 13 quai Jules Guesde, F-94403, Vitry-sur-Seine Cedex, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Boireau, A" sort="Boireau, A" uniqKey="Boireau A" first="A." last="Boireau">A. Boireau</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Rhoˆne-Poulenc Rorer S.A., Centre de Recherches de Vitry-Alfortville, Département de Biologie, 13 quai Jules Guesde, F-94403, Vitry-sur-Seine Cedex, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dubedat, P" sort="Dubedat, P" uniqKey="Dubedat P" first="P." last="Dubédat">P. Dubédat</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Rhoˆne-Poulenc Rorer S.A., Centre de Recherches de Vitry-Alfortville, Département de Biologie, 13 quai Jules Guesde, F-94403, Vitry-sur-Seine Cedex, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Blanchard, J C" sort="Blanchard, J C" uniqKey="Blanchard J" first="J.-C." last="Blanchard">J.-C. Blanchard</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Rhoˆne-Poulenc Rorer S.A., Centre de Recherches de Vitry-Alfortville, Département de Biologie, 13 quai Jules Guesde, F-94403, Vitry-sur-Seine Cedex, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Neuroscience</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">NSC</title><idno type="ISSN">0306-4522</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="1995">1995</date><biblScope unit="volume">67</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">4</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="837">837</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="848">848</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0306-4522</idno></series><idno type="istex">88F30D08C9B0F050F665BCBA52C0A90643D2405A</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1016/0306-4522(95)00112-V</idno><idno type="PII">0306-4522(95)00112-V</idno><idno type="ArticleID">9500112V</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0306-4522</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>6-OHDA</term><term>DA</term><term>EDTA</term><term>HVA</term><term>SH</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Abstract: This study compares certain behavioural consequences of partial and complete unilateral lesions of the dopaminergic mesotelencephalic system. We investigated skilled forelimb use, rotations induced by apomorphine and amphetamine, and dopaminergic metabolism of the nigrostriatal system of rats that had received a unilateral injection of 6-hydroxydopamine into the medial forebrain bundle. The rats classified Apo(+), that rotated after the administrations of apomorphine, had a complete lesion of the nigrostriatal system, whereas those classified Apo(−), that did not rotate after the administration of apomorphine, had a partial lesion of the nigrostriatal system. In the Apo(+) rats, 99.8% of the dopamine in the striatum was depleted, as was 85% of that in the substantia nigra. For the Apo(−) rats, 72% of the dopamine in the striatum was depleted as was 56% of that in the substantia nigra. When investigated with the staircase test, the animals with the most severe dopamine depletions were those most impaired in the paw reaching task. Complete and partial unilateral depletions of the dopaminergic mesotelencephalic system impaired the heirarhic phases of paw reaching differently. A complete dopamine depletion, but not a partial one, decreased the number of attempts made with the contralateral paw, and induced a bias towards the ipsilateral paw. A partial dopamine lesion impaired the sensorimotor co-ordination of both paws, whereas the complete dopamine lesion had a greater effect on the contralateral paw than on the ipsilateral paw.The mild paw reaching impairments observed in animals with moderate depletions of dopamine are proposed as a model of the early symptoms of Parkinson's disease that may be useful for the development of protective or restorative therapies.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>elsevier</corpusName><author><json:item><name>P. Barnéoud</name><affiliations><json:string>Rhoˆne-Poulenc Rorer S.A., Centre de Recherches de Vitry-Alfortville, Département de Biologie, 13 quai Jules Guesde, F-94403, Vitry-sur-Seine Cedex, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>S. Parmentier</name><affiliations><json:string>Rhoˆne-Poulenc Rorer S.A., Centre de Recherches de Vitry-Alfortville, Département de Biologie, 13 quai Jules Guesde, F-94403, Vitry-sur-Seine Cedex, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>M. Mazadier</name><affiliations><json:string>Rhoˆne-Poulenc Rorer S.A., Centre de Recherches de Vitry-Alfortville, Département de Biologie, 13 quai Jules Guesde, F-94403, Vitry-sur-Seine Cedex, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>J.M. Miquet</name><affiliations><json:string>Rhoˆne-Poulenc Rorer S.A., Centre de Recherches de Vitry-Alfortville, Département de Biologie, 13 quai Jules Guesde, F-94403, Vitry-sur-Seine Cedex, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>A. Boireau</name><affiliations><json:string>Rhoˆne-Poulenc Rorer S.A., Centre de Recherches de Vitry-Alfortville, Département de Biologie, 13 quai Jules Guesde, F-94403, Vitry-sur-Seine Cedex, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>P. Dubédat</name><affiliations><json:string>Rhoˆne-Poulenc Rorer S.A., Centre de Recherches de Vitry-Alfortville, Département de Biologie, 13 quai Jules Guesde, F-94403, Vitry-sur-Seine Cedex, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>J.-C. Blanchard</name><affiliations><json:string>Rhoˆne-Poulenc Rorer S.A., Centre de Recherches de Vitry-Alfortville, Département de Biologie, 13 quai Jules Guesde, F-94403, Vitry-sur-Seine Cedex, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>DA : dopamine</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>EDTA : ethylenediaminetetra acetate</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>HVA : homovanillic acid</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>SH : sham-operated</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>6-OHDA : 6-hydroxydopamine</value></json:item></subject><articleId><json:string>9500112V</json:string></articleId><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>Full-length article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>Abstract: This study compares certain behavioural consequences of partial and complete unilateral lesions of the dopaminergic mesotelencephalic system. We investigated skilled forelimb use, rotations induced by apomorphine and amphetamine, and dopaminergic metabolism of the nigrostriatal system of rats that had received a unilateral injection of 6-hydroxydopamine into the medial forebrain bundle. The rats classified Apo(+), that rotated after the administrations of apomorphine, had a complete lesion of the nigrostriatal system, whereas those classified Apo(−), that did not rotate after the administration of apomorphine, had a partial lesion of the nigrostriatal system. In the Apo(+) rats, 99.8% of the dopamine in the striatum was depleted, as was 85% of that in the substantia nigra. For the Apo(−) rats, 72% of the dopamine in the striatum was depleted as was 56% of that in the substantia nigra. When investigated with the staircase test, the animals with the most severe dopamine depletions were those most impaired in the paw reaching task. Complete and partial unilateral depletions of the dopaminergic mesotelencephalic system impaired the heirarhic phases of paw reaching differently. A complete dopamine depletion, but not a partial one, decreased the number of attempts made with the contralateral paw, and induced a bias towards the ipsilateral paw. A partial dopamine lesion impaired the sensorimotor co-ordination of both paws, whereas the complete dopamine lesion had a greater effect on the contralateral paw than on the ipsilateral paw.The mild paw reaching impairments observed in animals with moderate depletions of dopamine are proposed as a model of the early symptoms of Parkinson's disease that may be useful for the development of protective or restorative therapies.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>6.548</score><pdfVersion>1.3</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>540 x 792 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><keywordCount>5</keywordCount><abstractCharCount>1799</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>3548</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>21955</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>12</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>268</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Effects of complete and partial lesions of the dopaminergic mesotelencephalic system on skilled forelimb use in the rat</title><pii><json:string>0306-4522(95)00112-V</json:string></pii><refBibs><json:item><author><json:item><name>D.N. Abrous</name></json:item><json:item><name>K. Choulli</name></json:item><json:item><name>F. Rouge-Pont</name></json:item><json:item><name>H. Simon</name></json:item><json:item><name>M. Le Moal</name></json:item><json:item><name>J.P. Herman</name></json:item></author><host><volume>54</volume><pages><last>511</last><first>499</first></pages><author></author><title>Neuroscience</title></host><title>Effects of intracerebral dopaminergic grafts on behavioural deficits induced by neonatal 6-OHDA lesions of the mesotelencephalic dopaminergic pathway</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>D.N. Abrous</name></json:item><json:item><name>S.B. Dunnett</name></json:item></author><host><volume>10</volume><pages><last>11</last><first>1</first></pages><author></author><title>Neurosci. Protoc.</title></host><title>Paw reaching in rats: the staircase test</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>D.N. Abrous</name></json:item><json:item><name>E.M. Torres</name></json:item><json:item><name>S.B. Dunnett</name></json:item></author><host><volume>54</volume><pages><last>658</last><first>657</first></pages><author></author><title>Neuroscience</title></host><title>Dopaminergic grafts implanted into the neonatal or adult striatum: comparative effects on rotation and paw reaching deficits induced by subsequent unilateral nigrostriatal lesions in adulthood</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>D.N. Abrous</name></json:item><json:item><name>A.T. Wareham</name></json:item><json:item><name>E.M. Torres</name></json:item><json:item><name>S.B. Dunnett</name></json:item></author><host><volume>51</volume><pages><last>75</last><first>67</first></pages><author></author><title>Behav. Brain Res.</title></host><title>Unilateral dopamine lesions in neonatal, weanling and adult rats: comparisons of rotation and reaching deficits</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>Y. Agid</name></json:item><json:item><name>M. Ruberg</name></json:item><json:item><name>R. Raisman</name></json:item><json:item><name>E. Hirsch</name></json:item><json:item><name>F. Javoy-Agid</name></json:item></author><host><pages><last>125</last><first>99</first></pages><author></author><title>Parkinson's Disease</title></host><title>The biochemistry of Parkinson's disease</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>C.A. Altar</name></json:item><json:item><name>C.B. Boylan</name></json:item><json:item><name>C. Jackson</name></json:item><json:item><name>S. Hershenson</name></json:item><json:item><name>J. Miller</name></json:item><json:item><name>S.J. Wiegand</name></json:item><json:item><name>R.M. Lindsay</name></json:item><json:item><name>C. Hyman</name></json:item></author><host><author></author><title>Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.</title></host><serie><author></author><title>Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.</title></serie><title>Brain-derived neurotrophic factor augments rotational behaviour and nigrostriatal dopamine turnover in vivo</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>C.A. Altar</name></json:item><json:item><name>M.R. Marien</name></json:item></author><host><volume>96</volume><pages><last>334</last><first>329</first></pages><author></author><title>Neurosci. Lett.</title></host><title>Preservation of dopamine release in the denervated striatum</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>P. Barnéoud</name></json:item><json:item><name>M. Le Moal</name></json:item><json:item><name>P.J. Neveu</name></json:item></author><host><volume>520</volume><pages><last>326</last><first>317</first></pages><author></author><title>Brain Res.</title></host><title>Asymmetric distribution of brain monoamines in left and right handed mice</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>P. Barnéoud</name></json:item><json:item><name>H. Van der Loos</name></json:item></author><host><author></author><title>Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.</title></host><serie><author></author><title>Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.</title></serie><title>Direction of handedness linked to hereditary asymmetry of sensory system</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>H. Bernheimer</name></json:item><json:item><name>H. Birkmayer</name></json:item><json:item><name>O. Hornykiewicz</name></json:item><json:item><name>K. Jellinger</name></json:item><json:item><name>F. Seitelberger</name></json:item></author><host><volume>20</volume><pages><last>455</last><first>415</first></pages><author></author><title>J. neurol. Sci.</title></host><title>Brain dopamine and the syndromes of Parkinson and Huntington</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>A. Björklund</name></json:item></author><host><volume>2</volume><pages><first>263</first></pages><author></author><title>Curr. Opin. Neurobiol.</title></host><title>Dopaminergic transplants in experimental parkinsonism: cellular mechanisms of graft-induced recovery</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>A. Björklund</name></json:item><json:item><name>S.B. Dunnett</name></json:item><json:item><name>U. Stenevi</name></json:item><json:item><name>M.E. Lewis</name></json:item><json:item><name>S. Iversen</name></json:item></author><host><volume>199</volume><pages><last>333</last><first>307</first></pages><author></author><title>Brain Res.</title></host><title>Reinnervation of the denervated striatum by substantia nigra transplants: functional consequences as revealed by pharmacological and sensorimotor testing</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>A. Björklund</name></json:item><json:item><name>O. Lindvall</name></json:item><json:item><name>O. Isacson</name></json:item><json:item><name>P. Brundin</name></json:item><json:item><name>K. Wictorin</name></json:item><json:item><name>R.E. Strecker</name></json:item><json:item><name>D.L. Clarke</name></json:item><json:item><name>S.B. Dunnett</name></json:item></author><host><volume>10</volume><pages><last>516</last><first>509</first></pages><author></author><title>Trends Neurosci.</title></host><title>Mechanisms of action of intracerebral neural implants: studies on nigral and striatal grafts to the lesioned striatum</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>A. Boireau</name></json:item><json:item><name>P. Dubédat</name></json:item><json:item><name>F. Bordier</name></json:item><json:item><name>C. Peny</name></json:item><json:item><name>J.-M. Miquet</name></json:item><json:item><name>G. Durand</name></json:item><json:item><name>M. Meunier</name></json:item><json:item><name>A. Doble</name></json:item></author><host><volume>5</volume><pages><last>2660</last><first>2657</first></pages><author></author><title>NeuroReport</title></host><title>Riluzole and experimental Parkinsonism: antagonism of MPTP-induced decrease in central dopamine levels in mice</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>A. Boireau</name></json:item><json:item><name>J.-M. Miquet</name></json:item><json:item><name>P. Dubédat</name></json:item><json:item><name>M. Meunier</name></json:item><json:item><name>A. Doble</name></json:item></author><host><volume>5</volume><pages><last>2160</last><first>2157</first></pages><author></author><title>NeuroReport</title></host><title>Riluzole and experimental parkinsonism: partial antagonism of MPP +-induced increase in striatal extracellular dopamine in rats in vivo</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>L.S. Carman</name></json:item><json:item><name>F.H. Gage</name></json:item><json:item><name>C.W. Shults</name></json:item></author><host><volume>553</volume><pages><last>283</last><first>275</first></pages><author></author><title>Brain Res.</title></host><title>Partial lesion of the substantia nigra: relation between extent of lesion and rotational behaviour</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>R.L. Collins</name></json:item></author><host><pages><last>71</last><first>41</first></pages><author></author><title>Cerebral Lateralization in Nonhuman Species</title></host><title>On the inheritance of direction and degree of asymmetry</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>I. Creese</name></json:item><json:item><name>D.R. Burt</name></json:item><json:item><name>S.M. Snyder</name></json:item></author><host><volume>197</volume><pages><last>598</last><first>596</first></pages><author></author><title>Science</title></host><title>Dopamine receptor binding enhancement accompanies lesion-induced behavioural supersensitivity</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>S.B. Dunnett</name></json:item></author><host><volume>238</volume><pages><last>74</last><first>65</first></pages><author></author><title>J. Neurol.</title></host><title>Transplantation of embryonic dopamine neurons: what we know from rats</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>S.B. Dunnett</name></json:item><json:item><name>A. Björklund</name></json:item><json:item><name>U. Stenevi</name></json:item><json:item><name>S. Iversen</name></json:item></author><host><volume>215</volume><pages><last>161</last><first>147</first></pages><author></author><title>Brain Res.</title></host><title>Behavioural recovery following transplantation of substantia nigra in rats subjected to 6-OHDA lesions of the nigrostriatal pathway. I. Unilateral lesions</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>S.B. Dunnett</name></json:item><json:item><name>O. Isacson</name></json:item><json:item><name>D.J.S. Sirinathsinghji</name></json:item><json:item><name>D.J. Clarke</name></json:item><json:item><name>A. Björklund</name></json:item></author><host><volume>24</volume><pages><last>820</last><first>813</first></pages><author></author><title>Neuroscience</title></host><title>Striatal grafts in rats with unilateral neostriatal lesions-III. Recovery from dopamine-dependent behaviour asymmetry and deficits in skilled paw reaching</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>S.B. Dunnett</name></json:item><json:item><name>I.Q. Whishaw</name></json:item><json:item><name>D.C. Rogers</name></json:item><json:item><name>G.H. Jones</name></json:item></author><host><volume>415</volume><pages><last>78</last><first>63</first></pages><author></author><title>Brain Res.</title></host><title>Dopamine-rich grafts ameliorate whole body motor asymmetry and sensory neglect but not independent limb use in rats with 6-OHDA lesions</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>J. Fornaguera</name></json:item><json:item><name>R.K.W. Schwarting</name></json:item><json:item><name>F. Boix</name></json:item><json:item><name>J.P. Huston</name></json:item></author><host><volume>13</volume><pages><last>185</last><first>179</first></pages><author></author><title>Synapse</title></host><title>Behavioural indices of moderate nigro-striatal 6-OHDA lesion: A preclinical Parkinson's model</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>W.J. Freed</name></json:item></author><host><volume>2</volume><pages><last>31</last><first>13</first></pages><author></author><title>Cell Transpl.</title></host><title>Neural transplantation :prospects for clinical use</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>A.E. Harding</name></json:item></author><host><pages><last>401</last><first>395</first></pages><author></author><title>Brain Diseases of the Nervous System</title></host><title>Movement Disorders</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>F. Hefti</name></json:item><json:item><name>E. Melamed</name></json:item><json:item><name>B.J. Sahakian</name></json:item><json:item><name>R.J. Wurtman</name></json:item></author><host><volume>12</volume><pages><last>188</last><first>185</first></pages><author></author><title>Pharmac. Biochem. behav.</title></host><title>Circling behaviour in rats with partial, unilateral nigrostriatal lesions: effect of amphetamine, apomorphine, and dopa</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>F. Hefti</name></json:item><json:item><name>E. Melamed</name></json:item><json:item><name>R.J. Wurtman</name></json:item></author><host><volume>195</volume><pages><last>137</last><first>123</first></pages><author></author><title>Brain Res.</title></host><title>Partial lesions of the dopaminergic nigrostriatal system in rat brain: biochemical characterization</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>J.P. Herman</name></json:item></author><host><volume>24</volume><pages><last>1286</last><first>1284</first></pages><author></author><title>La Recherche</title></host><title>Parkinson, vers de nouvelles thérapies</title></json:item><json:item><host><author></author></host></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>J.P. Herman</name></json:item><json:item><name>K. Choulli</name></json:item><json:item><name>D.N. Abrous</name></json:item><json:item><name>M. Le Moal</name></json:item></author><host><pages><last>23</last><first>21</first></pages><author></author><title>Neuronal Grafting and Alzheimer's Disease</title></host><title>Intracerebral grafts of dopaminergic neurons: a discussion of their functional effects and mechanisms of action</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>J.P. Herman</name></json:item><json:item><name>K. Choulli</name></json:item><json:item><name>M. Le Moal</name></json:item></author><host><volume>60</volume><pages><last>526</last><first>521</first></pages><author></author><title>Expl Brain Res.</title></host><title>Hyper-reactivity to amphetamine in rats with dopaminergic grafts</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>J.P. Herman</name></json:item><json:item><name>J.M. Rivet</name></json:item><json:item><name>N. Abrous</name></json:item><json:item><name>M. Le Moal</name></json:item></author><host><volume>90</volume><pages><last>88</last><first>83</first></pages><author></author><title>Neurosci. Lett.</title></host><title>Intracerebral dopaminergic transplants are not activated by electrical footshock stress activating in situ mesocorticolimbic neurons</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>J.P. Herman</name></json:item><json:item><name>F. Rouge-Pont</name></json:item><json:item><name>M. Le Moal</name></json:item><json:item><name>D.N. Abrous</name></json:item></author><host><volume>53</volume><pages><last>1095</last><first>1083</first></pages><author></author><title>Neuroscience</title></host><title>Mechanisms of amphetamine-induced rotation in rats with unilateral intrastriatal grafts of embryonic dopaminergic neurons: A pharmacological and biochemical analysis</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>E. Hétier</name></json:item><json:item><name>A. Boireau</name></json:item><json:item><name>P. Dubédat</name></json:item><json:item><name>J.-C. Blanchard</name></json:item></author><host><volume>337</volume><pages><last>17</last><first>13</first></pages><author></author><title>Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmac.</title></host><title>Neurotensin effects on evoked release of dopamine in slices from striatum, nucleus accumbens and prefrontal cortex in rat</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>L.-F.H. Hin</name></json:item><json:item><name>D.H. Doherty</name></json:item><json:item><name>J.D. Lile</name></json:item><json:item><name>S. Bektesh</name></json:item><json:item><name>F. Collins</name></json:item></author><host><volume>260</volume><pages><last>1132</last><first>1130</first></pages><author></author><title>Science</title></host><title>GDNF: a glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor for midbrain dopaminergic neurons</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>J.L. Hudson</name></json:item><json:item><name>C.G. Van Horne</name></json:item><json:item><name>I. Stomberg</name></json:item></author><host><volume>626</volume><pages><last>174</last><first>167</first></pages><author></author><title>Brain Res.</title></host><title>Correlation of apomorphine- and amphetamine-induced turning with nigrostriatal dopamine content in unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesioned rats</title></json:item><json:item><host><pages><last>83</last><first>67</first></pages><author></author><title>Recent Developments in Parkinson's Disease</title></host></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>S. Lavielle</name></json:item><json:item><name>J.-P. Tassin</name></json:item><json:item><name>A.-M. Thierry</name></json:item><json:item><name>G. Blanc</name></json:item><json:item><name>D. Hervé</name></json:item><json:item><name>C. Barthelemey</name></json:item><json:item><name>J. Glowinski</name></json:item></author><host><volume>168</volume><pages><last>594</last><first>585</first></pages><author></author><title>Brain Res.</title></host><title>Blockade by benzodiazepines of the selective high increase in dopamine turnover induced by stress in mesocortical dopaminergic neurons in the rat</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>R.J. Mandel</name></json:item><json:item><name>P. Brundin</name></json:item><json:item><name>A. Björklund</name></json:item></author><host><volume>2</volume><pages><last>894</last><first>888</first></pages><author></author><title>Eur. J. Neurosci.</title></host><title>The importance of graft placement and task complexity for transplant-induced recovery of simple and complex sensorimotor deficits in dopamine denervation rats</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>R. Miller</name></json:item><json:item><name>R.J. Beninger</name></json:item></author><host><volume>36</volume><pages><last>256</last><first>229</first></pages><author></author><title>Prog. Neurobiol.</title></host><title>On the interpretation of asymmetries of posture and locomotion produced with dopamine agonists in animals with unilateral depletion of striatal dopamine</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>R.K. Mishra</name></json:item><json:item><name>E.L. Gardner</name></json:item><json:item><name>R. Katzman</name></json:item><json:item><name>M.H. Makman</name></json:item></author><host><author></author><title>Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.</title></host><serie><author></author><title>Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.</title></serie><title>Enhancement of dopamine-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity in rat caudate after lesions in substantia nigra: evidence for denervation supersensitivity</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>C.P. Montoya</name></json:item><json:item><name>S. Astell</name></json:item><json:item><name>S.B. Dunnett</name></json:item></author><host><volume>82</volume><pages><last>466</last><first>459</first></pages><author></author><title>Prog. Brain Res.</title></host><title>Effect of nigral and striatal grafts on skilled forelimb use in the rat</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>C.P. Montoya</name></json:item><json:item><name>L.J. Campbell-Hope</name></json:item><json:item><name>S.B. Dunnett</name></json:item></author><host><volume>36</volume><pages><last>228</last><first>219</first></pages><author></author><title>J. Neurosci. Meth.</title></host><title>The “staircase test”: a measure of independent forelimb reaching and grasping abilities in rats</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>G. Nikkah</name></json:item><json:item><name>W.M. Duan</name></json:item><json:item><name>U. Knappe</name></json:item><json:item><name>A. Jödike</name></json:item><json:item><name>A. Björklund</name></json:item></author><host><volume>56</volume><pages><last>43</last><first>33</first></pages><author></author><title>Neuroscience</title></host><title>Restoration of complex sensorimotor behaviour and skilled forelimb use by a modified nigral cell suspension transplantation approach in the rat Parkinson model</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>D. Otto</name></json:item><json:item><name>K. Unsicker</name></json:item></author><host><volume>10</volume><pages><last>1921</last><first>1912</first></pages><author></author><title>J. Neurosci.</title></host><title>Basic FGF reverses chemical and morphological deficits in the nigrostriatal system of MPTP-treated mice</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>T.E. Robinson</name></json:item><json:item><name>E. Castaneda</name></json:item><json:item><name>I.Q. Whishaw</name></json:item></author><host><volume>44</volume><pages><last>275</last><first>253</first></pages><author></author><title>Can. J. Psychol.</title></host><title>Compensatory changes in striatal dopamine neurons following recovery from injury induced by 6-OHDA or metamphetamine: a review of evidence for microdialysis studies</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>T.E. Robinson</name></json:item><json:item><name>Z. Moscary</name></json:item><json:item><name>D.M. Camp</name></json:item><json:item><name>I.Q. Whishaw</name></json:item></author><host><volume>14</volume><pages><last>2696</last><first>2687</first></pages><author></author><title>J. Neurosci.</title></host><title>Time course of recovery of extracellular dopamine following partial damage to the nigrostriatal dopamine system</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>T.E. Robinson</name></json:item><json:item><name>I.Q. Whishaw</name></json:item></author><host><volume>450</volume><pages><last>224</last><first>209</first></pages><author></author><title>Brain Res.</title></host><title>Normalization of extracellular dopamine in striatum following recovery from a partial unilateral 6-OHDA lesion of the substantia nigra: a microdialysis study in freely moving rats</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>H. Sauer</name></json:item><json:item><name>W.J. Oertel</name></json:item></author><host><volume>59</volume><pages><last>415</last><first>401</first></pages><author></author><title>Neuroscience</title></host><title>Progressive degeneration of nigrostriatal dopamine neurons following intrastriatal terminal lesions with 6-OHDA: a combined retrograde trancing and immunocytochemical study in the rat</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>R.K.W. Schwarting</name></json:item><json:item><name>J.P. Huston</name></json:item></author><host><volume>48</volume><pages><last>1479</last><first>1473</first></pages><author></author><title>J. Neurochem.</title></host><title>Dopamine and serotonin metabolism in brain sites ipsi- and contralateral to direction of conditioned turning in rats</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>B. Siegfried</name></json:item><json:item><name>J. Bures</name></json:item></author><host><volume>8</volume><pages><last>368</last><first>360</first></pages><author></author><title>Physiol. Psychol.</title></host><title>Handedness in rats: blockade of reaching behaviour by unilateral 6-OHDA injections into substantia nigra and caudate nucleus</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>W.W. Spirduso</name></json:item><json:item><name>P.E. Gilliam</name></json:item><json:item><name>T. Schallert</name></json:item><json:item><name>M. Upchurch</name></json:item><json:item><name>D.M. Vaughn</name></json:item><json:item><name>R.E. Wilcox</name></json:item></author><host><volume>335</volume><pages><last>54</last><first>45</first></pages><author></author><title>Brain Res.</title></host><title>Reactive capacity: a sensitive behavioural marker of movement initiation and nigrostriatal dopamine function</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>M.H. Tuszynski</name></json:item><json:item><name>D.M. Armstrong</name></json:item><json:item><name>F. Gage</name></json:item></author><host><volume>508</volume><pages><last>248</last><first>241</first></pages><author></author><title>Brain Res.</title></host><title>Basal forebrain cell loss following fibria/fornix transection</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>U. Ungerstedt</name></json:item></author><host><volume>367</volume><pages><last>93</last><first>69</first></pages><author></author><title>Acta physiol. scand.</title></host><title>Postsynaptic supersensitivity after 6-OHDA induced degeneration of the nigrostriatal dopamine system</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>U. Ungerstedt</name></json:item><json:item><name>G.W. Arbuthnott</name></json:item></author><host><volume>24</volume><pages><last>493</last><first>485</first></pages><author></author><title>Brain Res.</title></host><title>Quantitative recording of rotational behaviour in rats after 6-hydroxy-dopamine lesions of the nigrostriatal dopamine system</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>I.Q. Whishaw</name></json:item></author><host><volume>52</volume><pages><last>48</last><first>45</first></pages><author></author><title>Behav. Brain Res.</title></host><title>Lateralization and reaching skill related: results and implications from a large sample of Long-Evans rats</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>I.Q. Whishaw</name></json:item><json:item><name>E. Castaneda</name></json:item><json:item><name>B. Gorny</name></json:item></author><host><volume>47</volume><pages><last>92</last><first>89</first></pages><author></author><title>Behav. Brain Res.</title></host><title>Dopamine and skilled limb use in the rat: more severe bilateral impairments follow substantia nigra than sensorimotor cortex 6-OHDA injection</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>I.Q. Whishaw</name></json:item><json:item><name>H.C. Dringenberg</name></json:item><json:item><name>S.M. Pellis</name></json:item></author><host><volume>48</volume><pages><last>125</last><first>113</first></pages><author></author><title>Behav. Brain Res.</title></host><title>Spontaneous forelimb grapsing in free feeding by rats: motor cortex aids limb and digit positioning</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>I.Q. Whishaw</name></json:item><json:item><name>B.P. Gorny</name></json:item></author><host><volume>60</volume><pages><last>24</last><first>15</first></pages><author></author><title>Behav. Brain Res.</title></host><title>Arpeggio and fractionated digit movements used in prehension by rats</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>I.Q. Whishaw</name></json:item><json:item><name>B. Gorny</name></json:item><json:item><name>L.T.L. Tran-Nguyen</name></json:item><json:item><name>E. Castaneda</name></json:item><json:item><name>E.I. Miklyaeva</name></json:item><json:item><name>S.M. Pellis</name></json:item></author><host><volume>61</volume><pages><last>77</last><first>65</first></pages><author></author><title>Behav. Brain Res.</title></host><title>Making two movements at once: impairments of movement posture, and their integration underlie the adult skilled reaching deficit of neonatally dopamine-depleted rats</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>I.Q. Whishaw</name></json:item><json:item><name>W.T. O'Connor</name></json:item><json:item><name>S.B. Dunnett</name></json:item></author><host><volume>109</volume><pages><last>843</last><first>805</first></pages><author></author><title>Brain</title></host><title>The contributions of motor cortex, nigrostriatal dopamine and caudate-putamen to skilled forelimb use in the rat</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>I.Q. Whishaw</name></json:item><json:item><name>S.M. Pellis</name></json:item></author><host><volume>41</volume><pages><last>59</last><first>49</first></pages><author></author><title>Behav. Brain Res.</title></host><title>The structure of skilled forelimb reaching in the rat: a proximally driven movement with a single distal rotatory component</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>I.Q. Whishaw</name></json:item><json:item><name>S.M. Pellis</name></json:item><json:item><name>B.P. Gorny</name></json:item></author><host><volume>47</volume><pages><last>70</last><first>59</first></pages><author></author><title>Behav. Brain Res.</title></host><title>Skilled reaching in rats and humans: evidence for parallel development or homology</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>M.J. Zigmond</name></json:item><json:item><name>E.D. Abercrombie</name></json:item><json:item><name>T.W. Berger</name></json:item><json:item><name>A.A. Grace</name></json:item><json:item><name>E.M. Stricker</name></json:item></author><host><volume>13</volume><pages><last>296</last><first>290</first></pages><author></author><title>Trends Neurosci.</title></host><title>Compensations after lesions of central dopaminergic neurons: some clinical and basic implications</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>M.J. Zigmond</name></json:item><json:item><name>E.M. Stricker</name></json:item></author><host><volume>35</volume><pages><last>18</last><first>5</first></pages><author></author><title>Life Sci.</title></host><title>Parkinson's disease: studies with an animal model</title></json:item><json:item><author><json:item><name>M.J. Zigmond</name></json:item><json:item><name>E.M. Stricker</name></json:item></author><host><volume>31</volume><pages><last>79</last><first>1</first></pages><author></author><title>Int. Rev. Neurobiol.</title></host><title>Animal models of Parkinsonism using selective neurotoxins: clinical and basic implications</title></json:item></refBibs><genre><json:string>research-article</json:string></genre><serie><volume>89</volume><pages><last>11351</last><first>11347</first></pages><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><title>Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.</title></serie><host><volume>67</volume><pii><json:string>S0306-4522(00)X0024-3</json:string></pii><pages><last>848</last><first>837</first></pages><issn><json:string>0306-4522</json:string></issn><issue>4</issue><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><title>Neuroscience</title><publicationDate>1995</publicationDate></host><categories><wos><json:string>science</json:string><json:string>neurosciences</json:string></wos><scienceMetrix><json:string>health sciences</json:string><json:string>clinical medicine</json:string><json:string>neurology & neurosurgery</json:string></scienceMetrix></categories><publicationDate>1995</publicationDate><copyrightDate>1995</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1016/0306-4522(95)00112-V</json:string></doi><id>88F30D08C9B0F050F665BCBA52C0A90643D2405A</id><score>0.12194027</score><fulltext><json:item><extension>pdf</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/88F30D08C9B0F050F665BCBA52C0A90643D2405A/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><extension>zip</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/88F30D08C9B0F050F665BCBA52C0A90643D2405A/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/88F30D08C9B0F050F665BCBA52C0A90643D2405A/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Effects of complete and partial lesions of the dopaminergic mesotelencephalic system on skilled forelimb use in the rat</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><availability><p>©1995 IBRO</p></availability><date>1995</date></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Effects of complete and partial lesions of the dopaminergic mesotelencephalic system on skilled forelimb use in the rat</title><author xml:id="author-1"><persName><forename type="first">P.</forename><surname>Barnéoud</surname></persName><affiliation>To whom correspondence should be addressed.</affiliation><affiliation>Rhoˆne-Poulenc Rorer S.A., Centre de Recherches de Vitry-Alfortville, Département de Biologie, 13 quai Jules Guesde, F-94403, Vitry-sur-Seine Cedex, France</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-2"><persName><forename type="first">S.</forename><surname>Parmentier</surname></persName><affiliation>Rhoˆne-Poulenc Rorer S.A., Centre de Recherches de Vitry-Alfortville, Département de Biologie, 13 quai Jules Guesde, F-94403, Vitry-sur-Seine Cedex, France</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-3"><persName><forename type="first">M.</forename><surname>Mazadier</surname></persName><affiliation>Rhoˆne-Poulenc Rorer S.A., Centre de Recherches de Vitry-Alfortville, Département de Biologie, 13 quai Jules Guesde, F-94403, Vitry-sur-Seine Cedex, France</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-4"><persName><forename type="first">J.M.</forename><surname>Miquet</surname></persName><affiliation>Rhoˆne-Poulenc Rorer S.A., Centre de Recherches de Vitry-Alfortville, Département de Biologie, 13 quai Jules Guesde, F-94403, Vitry-sur-Seine Cedex, France</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-5"><persName><forename type="first">A.</forename><surname>Boireau</surname></persName><affiliation>Rhoˆne-Poulenc Rorer S.A., Centre de Recherches de Vitry-Alfortville, Département de Biologie, 13 quai Jules Guesde, F-94403, Vitry-sur-Seine Cedex, France</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-6"><persName><forename type="first">P.</forename><surname>Dubédat</surname></persName><affiliation>Rhoˆne-Poulenc Rorer S.A., Centre de Recherches de Vitry-Alfortville, Département de Biologie, 13 quai Jules Guesde, F-94403, Vitry-sur-Seine Cedex, France</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-7"><persName><forename type="first">J.-C.</forename><surname>Blanchard</surname></persName><affiliation>Rhoˆne-Poulenc Rorer S.A., Centre de Recherches de Vitry-Alfortville, Département de Biologie, 13 quai Jules Guesde, F-94403, Vitry-sur-Seine Cedex, France</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Neuroscience</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">NSC</title><idno type="pISSN">0306-4522</idno><idno type="PII">S0306-4522(00)X0024-3</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="1995"></date><biblScope unit="volume">67</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">4</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="837">837</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="848">848</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">88F30D08C9B0F050F665BCBA52C0A90643D2405A</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1016/0306-4522(95)00112-V</idno><idno type="PII">0306-4522(95)00112-V</idno><idno type="ArticleID">9500112V</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>1995</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Abstract: This study compares certain behavioural consequences of partial and complete unilateral lesions of the dopaminergic mesotelencephalic system. We investigated skilled forelimb use, rotations induced by apomorphine and amphetamine, and dopaminergic metabolism of the nigrostriatal system of rats that had received a unilateral injection of 6-hydroxydopamine into the medial forebrain bundle. The rats classified Apo(+), that rotated after the administrations of apomorphine, had a complete lesion of the nigrostriatal system, whereas those classified Apo(−), that did not rotate after the administration of apomorphine, had a partial lesion of the nigrostriatal system. In the Apo(+) rats, 99.8% of the dopamine in the striatum was depleted, as was 85% of that in the substantia nigra. For the Apo(−) rats, 72% of the dopamine in the striatum was depleted as was 56% of that in the substantia nigra. When investigated with the staircase test, the animals with the most severe dopamine depletions were those most impaired in the paw reaching task. Complete and partial unilateral depletions of the dopaminergic mesotelencephalic system impaired the heirarhic phases of paw reaching differently. A complete dopamine depletion, but not a partial one, decreased the number of attempts made with the contralateral paw, and induced a bias towards the ipsilateral paw. A partial dopamine lesion impaired the sensorimotor co-ordination of both paws, whereas the complete dopamine lesion had a greater effect on the contralateral paw than on the ipsilateral paw.The mild paw reaching impairments observed in animals with moderate depletions of dopamine are proposed as a model of the early symptoms of Parkinson's disease that may be useful for the development of protective or restorative therapies.</p></abstract><textClass xml:lang="en"><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><item><term>DA</term><term>dopamine</term></item><item><term>EDTA</term><term>ethylenediaminetetra acetate</term></item><item><term>HVA</term><term>homovanillic acid</term></item><item><term>SH</term><term>sham-operated</term></item><item><term>6-OHDA</term><term>6-hydroxydopamine</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="1995">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/88F30D08C9B0F050F665BCBA52C0A90643D2405A/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Elsevier doc found" wicri:toSee="Elsevier, no converted or simple article"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:docType PUBLIC="-//ES//DTD journal article DTD version 5.0.1//EN//XML" URI="art501.dtd" name="istex:docType"></istex:docType><istex:document><article version="5.0" xml:lang="en" docsubtype="fla"><item-info><jid>NSC</jid><aid>9500112V</aid><ce:pii>0306-4522(95)00112-V</ce:pii><ce:doi>10.1016/0306-4522(95)00112-V</ce:doi><ce:copyright type="unknown" year="1995">IBRO</ce:copyright></item-info><head><ce:title>Effects of complete and partial lesions of the dopaminergic mesotelencephalic system on skilled forelimb use in the rat</ce:title><ce:author-group><ce:author><ce:given-name>P.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Barnéoud</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="cor1"><ce:sup>*</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>S.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Parmentier</ce:surname></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>M.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Mazadier</ce:surname></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>J.M.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Miquet</ce:surname></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>A.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Boireau</ce:surname></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>P.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Dubédat</ce:surname></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>J.-C.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Blanchard</ce:surname></ce:author><ce:affiliation><ce:textfn>Rhoˆne-Poulenc Rorer S.A., Centre de Recherches de Vitry-Alfortville, Département de Biologie, 13 quai Jules Guesde, F-94403, Vitry-sur-Seine Cedex, France</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:correspondence id="cor1"><ce:label>*</ce:label><ce:text>To whom correspondence should be addressed.</ce:text></ce:correspondence></ce:author-group><ce:date-accepted day="16" month="2" year="1995"></ce:date-accepted><ce:abstract id="ab1" class="author" xml:lang="en"><ce:section-title>Abstract</ce:section-title><ce:abstract-sec><ce:simple-para>This study compares certain behavioural consequences of partial and complete unilateral lesions of the dopaminergic mesotelencephalic system. We investigated skilled forelimb use, rotations induced by apomorphine and amphetamine, and dopaminergic metabolism of the nigrostriatal system of rats that had received a unilateral injection of 6-hydroxydopamine into the medial forebrain bundle. The rats classified Apo(+), that rotated after the administrations of apomorphine, had a complete lesion of the nigrostriatal system, whereas those classified Apo(−), that did not rotate after the administration of apomorphine, had a partial lesion of the nigrostriatal system. In the Apo(+) rats, 99.8% of the dopamine in the striatum was depleted, as was 85% of that in the substantia nigra. For the Apo(−) rats, 72% of the dopamine in the striatum was depleted as was 56% of that in the substantia nigra. When investigated with the staircase test, the animals with the most severe dopamine depletions were those most impaired in the paw reaching task. Complete and partial unilateral depletions of the dopaminergic mesotelencephalic system impaired the heirarhic phases of paw reaching differently. A complete dopamine depletion, but not a partial one, decreased the number of attempts made with the contralateral paw, and induced a bias towards the ipsilateral paw. A partial dopamine lesion impaired the sensorimotor co-ordination of both paws, whereas the complete dopamine lesion had a greater effect on the contralateral paw than on the ipsilateral paw.</ce:simple-para><ce:simple-para>The mild paw reaching impairments observed in animals with moderate depletions of dopamine are proposed as a model of the early symptoms of Parkinson's disease that may be useful for the development of protective or restorative therapies.</ce:simple-para></ce:abstract-sec></ce:abstract><ce:keywords class="abr"><ce:keyword><ce:text>DA</ce:text><ce:keyword><ce:text>dopamine</ce:text></ce:keyword></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>EDTA</ce:text><ce:keyword><ce:text>ethylenediaminetetra acetate</ce:text></ce:keyword></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>HVA</ce:text><ce:keyword><ce:text>homovanillic acid</ce:text></ce:keyword></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>SH</ce:text><ce:keyword><ce:text>sham-operated</ce:text></ce:keyword></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>6-OHDA</ce:text><ce:keyword><ce:text>6-hydroxydopamine</ce:text></ce:keyword></ce:keyword></ce:keywords></head><tail><ce:bibliography><ce:section-title>Reference</ce:section-title><ce:bibliography-sec><ce:bib-reference id="bib1"><ce:label>1.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Abrous</ce:surname><ce:given-name>D.N.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Choulli</ce:surname><ce:given-name>K.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Rouge-Pont</ce:surname><ce:given-name>F.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Simon</ce:surname><ce:given-name>H.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Le Moal</ce:surname><ce:given-name>M.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Herman</ce:surname><ce:given-name>J.P.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Effects of intracerebral dopaminergic grafts on behavioural deficits induced by neonatal 6-OHDA lesions of the mesotelencephalic dopaminergic pathway</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Neuroscience</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>54</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1992</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>499</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>511</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib2"><ce:label>2.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Abrous</ce:surname><ce:given-name>D.N.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Dunnett</ce:surname><ce:given-name>S.B.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Paw reaching in rats: the staircase test</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Neurosci. Protoc.</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>10</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1994</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>1</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>11</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib3"><ce:label>3.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Abrous</ce:surname><ce:given-name>D.N.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Torres</ce:surname><ce:given-name>E.M.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Dunnett</ce:surname><ce:given-name>S.B.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Dopaminergic grafts implanted into the neonatal or adult striatum: comparative effects on rotation and paw reaching deficits induced by subsequent unilateral nigrostriatal lesions in adulthood</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Neuroscience</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>54</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1993</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>657</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>658</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib4"><ce:label>4.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Abrous</ce:surname><ce:given-name>D.N.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Wareham</ce:surname><ce:given-name>A.T.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Torres</ce:surname><ce:given-name>E.M.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Dunnett</ce:surname><ce:given-name>S.B.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Unilateral dopamine lesions in neonatal, weanling and adult rats: comparisons of rotation and reaching deficits</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Behav. Brain Res.</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>51</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1992</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>67</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>75</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib5"><ce:label>5.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Agid</ce:surname><ce:given-name>Y.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Ruberg</ce:surname><ce:given-name>M.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Raisman</ce:surname><ce:given-name>R.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Hirsch</ce:surname><ce:given-name>E.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Javoy-Agid</ce:surname><ce:given-name>F.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>The biochemistry of Parkinson's disease</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:edited-book><sb:editors><sb:editor><ce:surname>Stern</ce:surname><ce:given-name>G.M.</ce:given-name></sb:editor></sb:editors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Parkinson's Disease</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:date>1990</sb:date><sb:publisher><sb:name>Chapman and Hall Medical</sb:name><sb:location>London</sb:location></sb:publisher></sb:edited-book><sb:pages><sb:first-page>99</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>125</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib6"><ce:label>6.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Altar</ce:surname><ce:given-name>C.A.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Boylan</ce:surname><ce:given-name>C.B.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Jackson</ce:surname><ce:given-name>C.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Hershenson</ce:surname><ce:given-name>S.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Miller</ce:surname><ce:given-name>J.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Wiegand</ce:surname><ce:given-name>S.J.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Lindsay</ce:surname><ce:given-name>R.M.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Hyman</ce:surname><ce:given-name>C.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Brain-derived neurotrophic factor augments rotational behaviour and nigrostriatal dopamine turnover <ce:italic>in vivo</ce:italic></sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:edited-book><sb:book-series><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>89</sb:volume-nr></sb:series></sb:book-series><sb:date>1992</sb:date></sb:edited-book><sb:pages><sb:first-page>11347</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>11351</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib7"><ce:label>7.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Altar</ce:surname><ce:given-name>C.A.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Marien</ce:surname><ce:given-name>M.R.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Preservation of dopamine release in the denervated striatum</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Neurosci. Lett.</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>96</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1989</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>329</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>334</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib8"><ce:label>8.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Barnéoud</ce:surname><ce:given-name>P.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Le Moal</ce:surname><ce:given-name>M.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Neveu</ce:surname><ce:given-name>P.J.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Asymmetric distribution of brain monoamines in left and right handed mice</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Brain Res.</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>520</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1990</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>317</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>326</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib9"><ce:label>9.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Barnéoud</ce:surname><ce:given-name>P.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Van der Loos</ce:surname><ce:given-name>H.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Direction of handedness linked to hereditary asymmetry of sensory system</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:edited-book><sb:book-series><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>90</sb:volume-nr></sb:series></sb:book-series><sb:date>1993</sb:date></sb:edited-book><sb:pages><sb:first-page>3246</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>3250</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib10"><ce:label>10.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Bernheimer</ce:surname><ce:given-name>H.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Birkmayer</ce:surname><ce:given-name>H.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Hornykiewicz</ce:surname><ce:given-name>O.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Jellinger</ce:surname><ce:given-name>K.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Seitelberger</ce:surname><ce:given-name>F.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Brain dopamine and the syndromes of Parkinson and Huntington</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>J. neurol. Sci.</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>20</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1973</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>415</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>455</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib11"><ce:label>11.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Björklund</ce:surname><ce:given-name>A.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Dopaminergic transplants in experimental parkinsonism: cellular mechanisms of graft-induced recovery</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Curr. Opin. Neurobiol.</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>2</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1992</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>263</sb:first-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib12"><ce:label>12.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Björklund</ce:surname><ce:given-name>A.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Dunnett</ce:surname><ce:given-name>S.B.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Stenevi</ce:surname><ce:given-name>U.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Lewis</ce:surname><ce:given-name>M.E.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Iversen</ce:surname><ce:given-name>S.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Reinnervation of the denervated striatum by substantia nigra transplants: functional consequences as revealed by pharmacological and sensorimotor testing</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Brain Res.</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>199</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1980</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>307</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>333</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib13"><ce:label>13.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Björklund</ce:surname><ce:given-name>A.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Lindvall</ce:surname><ce:given-name>O.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Isacson</ce:surname><ce:given-name>O.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Brundin</ce:surname><ce:given-name>P.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Wictorin</ce:surname><ce:given-name>K.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Strecker</ce:surname><ce:given-name>R.E.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Clarke</ce:surname><ce:given-name>D.L.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Dunnett</ce:surname><ce:given-name>S.B.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Mechanisms of action of intracerebral neural implants: studies on nigral and striatal grafts to the lesioned striatum</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Trends Neurosci.</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>10</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1987</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>509</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>516</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib14"><ce:label>14.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Boireau</ce:surname><ce:given-name>A.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Dubédat</ce:surname><ce:given-name>P.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Bordier</ce:surname><ce:given-name>F.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Peny</ce:surname><ce:given-name>C.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Miquet</ce:surname><ce:given-name>J.-M.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Durand</ce:surname><ce:given-name>G.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Meunier</ce:surname><ce:given-name>M.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Doble</ce:surname><ce:given-name>A.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Riluzole and experimental Parkinsonism: antagonism of MPTP-induced decrease in central dopamine levels in mice</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>NeuroReport</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>5</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1994</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>2657</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>2660</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib15"><ce:label>15.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Boireau</ce:surname><ce:given-name>A.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Miquet</ce:surname><ce:given-name>J.-M.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Dubédat</ce:surname><ce:given-name>P.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Meunier</ce:surname><ce:given-name>M.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Doble</ce:surname><ce:given-name>A.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Riluzole and experimental parkinsonism: partial antagonism of MPP +-induced increase in striatal extracellular dopamine in rats <ce:italic>in vivo</ce:italic></sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>NeuroReport</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>5</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1994</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>2157</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>2160</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib16"><ce:label>16.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Carman</ce:surname><ce:given-name>L.S.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Gage</ce:surname><ce:given-name>F.H.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Shults</ce:surname><ce:given-name>C.W.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Partial lesion of the substantia nigra: relation between extent of lesion and rotational behaviour</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Brain Res.</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>553</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1991</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>275</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>283</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib17"><ce:label>17.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Collins</ce:surname><ce:given-name>R.L.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>On the inheritance of direction and degree of asymmetry</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:edited-book><sb:editors><sb:editor><ce:surname>Glick</ce:surname><ce:given-name>E.D.</ce:given-name></sb:editor></sb:editors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Cerebral Lateralization in Nonhuman Species</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:date>1985</sb:date><sb:publisher><sb:name>Academic Press</sb:name><sb:location>New York</sb:location></sb:publisher></sb:edited-book><sb:pages><sb:first-page>41</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>71</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib18"><ce:label>18.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Creese</ce:surname><ce:given-name>I.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Burt</ce:surname><ce:given-name>D.R.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Snyder</ce:surname><ce:given-name>S.M.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Dopamine receptor binding enhancement accompanies lesion-induced behavioural supersensitivity</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Science</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>197</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1977</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>596</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>598</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib19"><ce:label>19.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Dunnett</ce:surname><ce:given-name>S.B.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Transplantation of embryonic dopamine neurons: what we know from rats</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>J. Neurol.</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>238</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1991</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>65</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>74</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib20"><ce:label>20.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Dunnett</ce:surname><ce:given-name>S.B.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Björklund</ce:surname><ce:given-name>A.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Stenevi</ce:surname><ce:given-name>U.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Iversen</ce:surname><ce:given-name>S.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Behavioural recovery following transplantation of substantia nigra in rats subjected to 6-OHDA lesions of the nigrostriatal pathway. I. Unilateral lesions</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Brain Res.</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>215</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1981</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>147</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>161</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib21"><ce:label>21.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Dunnett</ce:surname><ce:given-name>S.B.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Isacson</ce:surname><ce:given-name>O.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Sirinathsinghji</ce:surname><ce:given-name>D.J.S.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Clarke</ce:surname><ce:given-name>D.J.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Björklund</ce:surname><ce:given-name>A.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Striatal grafts in rats with unilateral neostriatal lesions-III. Recovery from dopamine-dependent behaviour asymmetry and deficits in skilled paw reaching</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Neuroscience</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>24</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1988</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>813</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>820</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib22"><ce:label>22.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Dunnett</ce:surname><ce:given-name>S.B.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Whishaw</ce:surname><ce:given-name>I.Q.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Rogers</ce:surname><ce:given-name>D.C.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Jones</ce:surname><ce:given-name>G.H.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Dopamine-rich grafts ameliorate whole body motor asymmetry and sensory neglect but not independent limb use in rats with 6-OHDA lesions</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Brain Res.</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>415</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1987</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>63</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>78</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib23"><ce:label>23.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Fornaguera</ce:surname><ce:given-name>J.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Schwarting</ce:surname><ce:given-name>R.K.W.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Boix</ce:surname><ce:given-name>F.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Huston</ce:surname><ce:given-name>J.P.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Behavioural indices of moderate nigro-striatal 6-OHDA lesion: A preclinical Parkinson's model</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Synapse</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>13</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1993</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>179</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>185</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib24"><ce:label>24.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Freed</ce:surname><ce:given-name>W.J.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Neural transplantation :prospects for clinical use</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Cell Transpl.</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>2</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1993</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>13</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>31</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib25"><ce:label>25.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Harding</ce:surname><ce:given-name>A.E.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Movement Disorders</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:edited-book><sb:editors><sb:editor><ce:surname>Walton</ce:surname><ce:given-name>J.</ce:given-name></sb:editor></sb:editors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Brain Diseases of the Nervous System</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:date>1993</sb:date><sb:publisher><sb:name>Oxford University Press</sb:name><sb:location>New York</sb:location></sb:publisher></sb:edited-book><sb:pages><sb:first-page>395</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>401</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib26"><ce:label>26.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Hefti</ce:surname><ce:given-name>F.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Melamed</ce:surname><ce:given-name>E.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Sahakian</ce:surname><ce:given-name>B.J.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Wurtman</ce:surname><ce:given-name>R.J.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Circling behaviour in rats with partial, unilateral nigrostriatal lesions: effect of amphetamine, apomorphine, and dopa</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Pharmac. Biochem. behav.</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>12</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1980</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>185</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>188</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib27"><ce:label>27.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Hefti</ce:surname><ce:given-name>F.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Melamed</ce:surname><ce:given-name>E.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Wurtman</ce:surname><ce:given-name>R.J.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Partial lesions of the dopaminergic nigrostriatal system in rat brain: biochemical characterization</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Brain Res.</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>195</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1980</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>123</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>137</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib28"><ce:label>28.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Herman</ce:surname><ce:given-name>J.P.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Parkinson, vers de nouvelles thérapies</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>La Recherche</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>24</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1993</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>1284</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>1286</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib29"><ce:label>29.</ce:label><ce:other-ref><ce:textref>Herman J. P. and Abrous D. N. Dopaminergic neural grafts after fifteen years: results and perspectives. <ce:italic>Prog. Neurobiol.</ce:italic> (in press).</ce:textref></ce:other-ref></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib30"><ce:label>30.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Herman</ce:surname><ce:given-name>J.P.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Choulli</ce:surname><ce:given-name>K.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Abrous</ce:surname><ce:given-name>D.N.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Le Moal</ce:surname><ce:given-name>M.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Intracerebral grafts of dopaminergic neurons: a discussion of their functional effects and mechanisms of action</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:edited-book><sb:editors><sb:editor><ce:surname>Gage</ce:surname><ce:given-name>F.</ce:given-name></sb:editor><sb:editor><ce:surname>Privat</ce:surname><ce:given-name>A.</ce:given-name></sb:editor><sb:editor><ce:surname>Christen</ce:surname><ce:given-name>Y.</ce:given-name></sb:editor></sb:editors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Neuronal Grafting and Alzheimer's Disease</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:date>1989</sb:date><sb:publisher><sb:name>Springer-Verlag</sb:name><sb:location>Berlin</sb:location></sb:publisher></sb:edited-book><sb:pages><sb:first-page>21</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>23</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib31"><ce:label>31.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Herman</ce:surname><ce:given-name>J.P.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Choulli</ce:surname><ce:given-name>K.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Le Moal</ce:surname><ce:given-name>M.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Hyper-reactivity to amphetamine in rats with dopaminergic grafts</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Expl Brain Res.</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>60</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1985</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>521</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>526</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib32"><ce:label>32.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Herman</ce:surname><ce:given-name>J.P.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Rivet</ce:surname><ce:given-name>J.M.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Abrous</ce:surname><ce:given-name>N.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Le Moal</ce:surname><ce:given-name>M.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Intracerebral dopaminergic transplants are not activated by electrical footshock stress activating <ce:italic>in situ</ce:italic> mesocorticolimbic neurons</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Neurosci. Lett.</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>90</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1988</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>83</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>88</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib33"><ce:label>33.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Herman</ce:surname><ce:given-name>J.P.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Rouge-Pont</ce:surname><ce:given-name>F.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Le Moal</ce:surname><ce:given-name>M.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Abrous</ce:surname><ce:given-name>D.N.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Mechanisms of amphetamine-induced rotation in rats with unilateral intrastriatal grafts of embryonic dopaminergic neurons: A pharmacological and biochemical analysis</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Neuroscience</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>53</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1993</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>1083</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>1095</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib34"><ce:label>34.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Hétier</ce:surname><ce:given-name>E.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Boireau</ce:surname><ce:given-name>A.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Dubédat</ce:surname><ce:given-name>P.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Blanchard</ce:surname><ce:given-name>J.-C.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Neurotensin effects on evoked release of dopamine in slices from striatum, nucleus accumbens and prefrontal cortex in rat</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmac.</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>337</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1988</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>13</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>17</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib35"><ce:label>35.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Hin</ce:surname><ce:given-name>L.-F.H.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Doherty</ce:surname><ce:given-name>D.H.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Lile</ce:surname><ce:given-name>J.D.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Bektesh</ce:surname><ce:given-name>S.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Collins</ce:surname><ce:given-name>F.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>GDNF: a glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor for midbrain dopaminergic neurons</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Science</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>260</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1993</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>1130</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>1132</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib36"><ce:label>36.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Hudson</ce:surname><ce:given-name>J.L.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Van Horne</ce:surname><ce:given-name>C.G.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Stomberg</ce:surname><ce:given-name>I.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Correlation of apomorphine- and amphetamine-induced turning with nigrostriatal dopamine content in unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesioned rats</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Brain Res.</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>626</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1993</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>167</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>174</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib37"><ce:label>37.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Javoy-Agid</ce:surname><ce:given-name>F.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Ruberg</ce:surname><ce:given-name>M.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Hirsch</ce:surname><ce:given-name>E.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Cash</ce:surname><ce:given-name>R.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Raisman</ce:surname><ce:given-name>R.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Taquet</ce:surname><ce:given-name>H.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Epelbaum</ce:surname><ce:given-name>J.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Scatton</ce:surname><ce:given-name>B.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Duyckaerts</ce:surname><ce:given-name>C.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Agid</ce:surname><ce:given-name>Y.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:edited-book><sb:editors><sb:editor><ce:surname>Fahn</ce:surname><ce:given-name>S.</ce:given-name></sb:editor><sb:editor><ce:surname>Marsden</ce:surname><ce:given-name>C.D.</ce:given-name></sb:editor><sb:editor><ce:surname>Jenner</ce:surname><ce:given-name>P.</ce:given-name></sb:editor><sb:editor><ce:surname>Teychenne</ce:surname><ce:given-name>P.</ce:given-name></sb:editor></sb:editors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Recent Developments in Parkinson's Disease</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:date>1986</sb:date><sb:publisher><sb:name>Raven Press</sb:name><sb:location>New York</sb:location></sb:publisher></sb:edited-book><sb:pages><sb:first-page>67</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>83</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib38"><ce:label>38.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Lavielle</ce:surname><ce:given-name>S.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Tassin</ce:surname><ce:given-name>J.-P.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Thierry</ce:surname><ce:given-name>A.-M.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Blanc</ce:surname><ce:given-name>G.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Hervé</ce:surname><ce:given-name>D.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Barthelemey</ce:surname><ce:given-name>C.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Glowinski</ce:surname><ce:given-name>J.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Blockade by benzodiazepines of the selective high increase in dopamine turnover induced by stress in mesocortical dopaminergic neurons in the rat</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Brain Res.</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>168</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1978</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>585</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>594</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib39"><ce:label>39.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Mandel</ce:surname><ce:given-name>R.J.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Brundin</ce:surname><ce:given-name>P.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Björklund</ce:surname><ce:given-name>A.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>The importance of graft placement and task complexity for transplant-induced recovery of simple and complex sensorimotor deficits in dopamine denervation rats</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Eur. J. Neurosci.</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>2</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1990</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>888</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>894</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib40"><ce:label>40.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Miller</ce:surname><ce:given-name>R.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Beninger</ce:surname><ce:given-name>R.J.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>On the interpretation of asymmetries of posture and locomotion produced with dopamine agonists in animals with unilateral depletion of striatal dopamine</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Prog. Neurobiol.</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>36</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1991</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>229</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>256</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib41"><ce:label>41.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Mishra</ce:surname><ce:given-name>R.K.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Gardner</ce:surname><ce:given-name>E.L.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Katzman</ce:surname><ce:given-name>R.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Makman</ce:surname><ce:given-name>M.H.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Enhancement of dopamine-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity in rat caudate after lesions in substantia nigra: evidence for denervation supersensitivity</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:edited-book><sb:book-series><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>71</sb:volume-nr></sb:series></sb:book-series><sb:date>1974</sb:date></sb:edited-book><sb:pages><sb:first-page>3883</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>3887</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib42"><ce:label>42.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Montoya</ce:surname><ce:given-name>C.P.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Astell</ce:surname><ce:given-name>S.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Dunnett</ce:surname><ce:given-name>S.B.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Effect of nigral and striatal grafts on skilled forelimb use in the rat</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Prog. Brain Res.</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>82</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1990</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>459</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>466</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib43"><ce:label>43.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Montoya</ce:surname><ce:given-name>C.P.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Campbell-Hope</ce:surname><ce:given-name>L.J.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Dunnett</ce:surname><ce:given-name>S.B.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>The “staircase test”: a measure of independent forelimb reaching and grasping abilities in rats</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>J. Neurosci. Meth.</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>36</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1991</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>219</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>228</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib44"><ce:label>44.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Nikkah</ce:surname><ce:given-name>G.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Duan</ce:surname><ce:given-name>W.M.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Knappe</ce:surname><ce:given-name>U.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Jödike</ce:surname><ce:given-name>A.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Björklund</ce:surname><ce:given-name>A.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Restoration of complex sensorimotor behaviour and skilled forelimb use by a modified nigral cell suspension transplantation approach in the rat Parkinson model</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Neuroscience</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>56</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1993</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>33</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>43</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib45"><ce:label>45.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Otto</ce:surname><ce:given-name>D.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Unsicker</ce:surname><ce:given-name>K.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Basic FGF reverses chemical and morphological deficits in the nigrostriatal system of MPTP-treated mice</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>J. Neurosci.</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>10</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1990</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>1912</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>1921</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib46"><ce:label>46.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Robinson</ce:surname><ce:given-name>T.E.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Castaneda</ce:surname><ce:given-name>E.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Whishaw</ce:surname><ce:given-name>I.Q.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Compensatory changes in striatal dopamine neurons following recovery from injury induced by 6-OHDA or metamphetamine: a review of evidence for microdialysis studies</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Can. J. Psychol.</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>44</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1990</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>253</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>275</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib47"><ce:label>47.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Robinson</ce:surname><ce:given-name>T.E.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Moscary</ce:surname><ce:given-name>Z.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Camp</ce:surname><ce:given-name>D.M.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Whishaw</ce:surname><ce:given-name>I.Q.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Time course of recovery of extracellular dopamine following partial damage to the nigrostriatal dopamine system</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>J. Neurosci.</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>14</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1994</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>2687</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>2696</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib48"><ce:label>48.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Robinson</ce:surname><ce:given-name>T.E.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Whishaw</ce:surname><ce:given-name>I.Q.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Normalization of extracellular dopamine in striatum following recovery from a partial unilateral 6-OHDA lesion of the substantia nigra: a microdialysis study in freely moving rats</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Brain Res.</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>450</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1988</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>209</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>224</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib49"><ce:label>49.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Sauer</ce:surname><ce:given-name>H.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Oertel</ce:surname><ce:given-name>W.J.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Progressive degeneration of nigrostriatal dopamine neurons following intrastriatal terminal lesions with 6-OHDA: a combined retrograde trancing and immunocytochemical study in the rat</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Neuroscience</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>59</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1994</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>401</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>415</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib50"><ce:label>50.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Schwarting</ce:surname><ce:given-name>R.K.W.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Huston</ce:surname><ce:given-name>J.P.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Dopamine and serotonin metabolism in brain sites ipsi- and contralateral to direction of conditioned turning in rats</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>J. Neurochem.</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>48</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1987</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>1473</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>1479</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib51"><ce:label>51.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Siegfried</ce:surname><ce:given-name>B.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Bures</ce:surname><ce:given-name>J.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Handedness in rats: blockade of reaching behaviour by unilateral 6-OHDA injections into substantia nigra and caudate nucleus</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Physiol. Psychol.</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>8</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1980</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>360</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>368</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib52"><ce:label>52.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Spirduso</ce:surname><ce:given-name>W.W.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Gilliam</ce:surname><ce:given-name>P.E.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Schallert</ce:surname><ce:given-name>T.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Upchurch</ce:surname><ce:given-name>M.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Vaughn</ce:surname><ce:given-name>D.M.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Wilcox</ce:surname><ce:given-name>R.E.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Reactive capacity: a sensitive behavioural marker of movement initiation and nigrostriatal dopamine function</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Brain Res.</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>335</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1985</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>45</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>54</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib53"><ce:label>53.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Tuszynski</ce:surname><ce:given-name>M.H.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Armstrong</ce:surname><ce:given-name>D.M.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Gage</ce:surname><ce:given-name>F.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Basal forebrain cell loss following fibria/fornix transection</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Brain Res.</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>508</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1990</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>241</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>248</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib54"><ce:label>54.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Ungerstedt</ce:surname><ce:given-name>U.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Postsynaptic supersensitivity after 6-OHDA induced degeneration of the nigrostriatal dopamine system</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Acta physiol. scand.</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>367</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1971</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>69</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>93</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host><sb:comment>suppl.</sb:comment></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib55"><ce:label>55.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Ungerstedt</ce:surname><ce:given-name>U.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Arbuthnott</ce:surname><ce:given-name>G.W.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Quantitative recording of rotational behaviour in rats after 6-hydroxy-dopamine lesions of the nigrostriatal dopamine system</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Brain Res.</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>24</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1970</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>485</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>493</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib56"><ce:label>56.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Whishaw</ce:surname><ce:given-name>I.Q.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Lateralization and reaching skill related: results and implications from a large sample of Long-Evans rats</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Behav. Brain Res.</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>52</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1992</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>45</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>48</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib57"><ce:label>57.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Whishaw</ce:surname><ce:given-name>I.Q.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Castaneda</ce:surname><ce:given-name>E.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Gorny</ce:surname><ce:given-name>B.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Dopamine and skilled limb use in the rat: more severe bilateral impairments follow substantia nigra than sensorimotor cortex 6-OHDA injection</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Behav. Brain Res.</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>47</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1992</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>89</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>92</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib58"><ce:label>58.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Whishaw</ce:surname><ce:given-name>I.Q.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Dringenberg</ce:surname><ce:given-name>H.C.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Pellis</ce:surname><ce:given-name>S.M.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Spontaneous forelimb grapsing in free feeding by rats: motor cortex aids limb and digit positioning</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Behav. Brain Res.</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>48</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1992</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>113</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>125</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib59"><ce:label>59.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Whishaw</ce:surname><ce:given-name>I.Q.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Gorny</ce:surname><ce:given-name>B.P.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Arpeggio and fractionated digit movements used in prehension by rats</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Behav. Brain Res.</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>60</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1994</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>15</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>24</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib60"><ce:label>60.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Whishaw</ce:surname><ce:given-name>I.Q.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Gorny</ce:surname><ce:given-name>B.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Tran-Nguyen</ce:surname><ce:given-name>L.T.L.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Castaneda</ce:surname><ce:given-name>E.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Miklyaeva</ce:surname><ce:given-name>E.I.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Pellis</ce:surname><ce:given-name>S.M.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Making two movements at once: impairments of movement posture, and their integration underlie the adult skilled reaching deficit of neonatally dopamine-depleted rats</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Behav. Brain Res.</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>61</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1994</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>65</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>77</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib61"><ce:label>61.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Whishaw</ce:surname><ce:given-name>I.Q.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>O'Connor</ce:surname><ce:given-name>W.T.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Dunnett</ce:surname><ce:given-name>S.B.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>The contributions of motor cortex, nigrostriatal dopamine and caudate-putamen to skilled forelimb use in the rat</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Brain</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>109</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1986</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>805</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>843</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib62"><ce:label>62.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Whishaw</ce:surname><ce:given-name>I.Q.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Pellis</ce:surname><ce:given-name>S.M.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>The structure of skilled forelimb reaching in the rat: a proximally driven movement with a single distal rotatory component</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Behav. Brain Res.</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>41</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1990</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>49</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>59</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib63"><ce:label>63.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Whishaw</ce:surname><ce:given-name>I.Q.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Pellis</ce:surname><ce:given-name>S.M.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Gorny</ce:surname><ce:given-name>B.P.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Skilled reaching in rats and humans: evidence for parallel development or homology</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Behav. Brain Res.</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>47</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1992</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>59</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>70</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib64"><ce:label>64.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Zigmond</ce:surname><ce:given-name>M.J.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Abercrombie</ce:surname><ce:given-name>E.D.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Berger</ce:surname><ce:given-name>T.W.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Grace</ce:surname><ce:given-name>A.A.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Stricker</ce:surname><ce:given-name>E.M.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Compensations after lesions of central dopaminergic neurons: some clinical and basic implications</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Trends Neurosci.</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>13</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1990</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>290</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>296</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib65"><ce:label>65.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Zigmond</ce:surname><ce:given-name>M.J.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Stricker</ce:surname><ce:given-name>E.M.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Parkinson's disease: studies with an animal model</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Life Sci.</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>35</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1984</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>5</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>18</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib66"><ce:label>66.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Zigmond</ce:surname><ce:given-name>M.J.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Stricker</ce:surname><ce:given-name>E.M.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Animal models of Parkinsonism using selective neurotoxins: clinical and basic implications</sb:maintitle></sb:title></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Int. Rev. Neurobiol.</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>31</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1989</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>1</sb:first-page><sb:last-page>79</sb:last-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference></ce:bibliography-sec></ce:bibliography></tail></article></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Effects of complete and partial lesions of the dopaminergic mesotelencephalic system on skilled forelimb use in the rat</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" lang="en" contentType="CDATA"><title>Effects of complete and partial lesions of the dopaminergic mesotelencephalic system on skilled forelimb use in the rat</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">P.</namePart><namePart type="family">Barnéoud</namePart><affiliation>Rhoˆne-Poulenc Rorer S.A., Centre de Recherches de Vitry-Alfortville, Département de Biologie, 13 quai Jules Guesde, F-94403, Vitry-sur-Seine Cedex, France</affiliation><description>To whom correspondence should be addressed.</description><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">S.</namePart><namePart type="family">Parmentier</namePart><affiliation>Rhoˆne-Poulenc Rorer S.A., Centre de Recherches de Vitry-Alfortville, Département de Biologie, 13 quai Jules Guesde, F-94403, Vitry-sur-Seine Cedex, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">M.</namePart><namePart type="family">Mazadier</namePart><affiliation>Rhoˆne-Poulenc Rorer S.A., Centre de Recherches de Vitry-Alfortville, Département de Biologie, 13 quai Jules Guesde, F-94403, Vitry-sur-Seine Cedex, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">J.M.</namePart><namePart type="family">Miquet</namePart><affiliation>Rhoˆne-Poulenc Rorer S.A., Centre de Recherches de Vitry-Alfortville, Département de Biologie, 13 quai Jules Guesde, F-94403, Vitry-sur-Seine Cedex, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">A.</namePart><namePart type="family">Boireau</namePart><affiliation>Rhoˆne-Poulenc Rorer S.A., Centre de Recherches de Vitry-Alfortville, Département de Biologie, 13 quai Jules Guesde, F-94403, Vitry-sur-Seine Cedex, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">P.</namePart><namePart type="family">Dubédat</namePart><affiliation>Rhoˆne-Poulenc Rorer S.A., Centre de Recherches de Vitry-Alfortville, Département de Biologie, 13 quai Jules Guesde, F-94403, Vitry-sur-Seine Cedex, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">J.-C.</namePart><namePart type="family">Blanchard</namePart><affiliation>Rhoˆne-Poulenc Rorer S.A., Centre de Recherches de Vitry-Alfortville, Département de Biologie, 13 quai Jules Guesde, F-94403, Vitry-sur-Seine Cedex, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="research-article" displayLabel="Full-length article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">1995</dateIssued><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">1995</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">Abstract: This study compares certain behavioural consequences of partial and complete unilateral lesions of the dopaminergic mesotelencephalic system. We investigated skilled forelimb use, rotations induced by apomorphine and amphetamine, and dopaminergic metabolism of the nigrostriatal system of rats that had received a unilateral injection of 6-hydroxydopamine into the medial forebrain bundle. The rats classified Apo(+), that rotated after the administrations of apomorphine, had a complete lesion of the nigrostriatal system, whereas those classified Apo(−), that did not rotate after the administration of apomorphine, had a partial lesion of the nigrostriatal system. In the Apo(+) rats, 99.8% of the dopamine in the striatum was depleted, as was 85% of that in the substantia nigra. For the Apo(−) rats, 72% of the dopamine in the striatum was depleted as was 56% of that in the substantia nigra. When investigated with the staircase test, the animals with the most severe dopamine depletions were those most impaired in the paw reaching task. Complete and partial unilateral depletions of the dopaminergic mesotelencephalic system impaired the heirarhic phases of paw reaching differently. A complete dopamine depletion, but not a partial one, decreased the number of attempts made with the contralateral paw, and induced a bias towards the ipsilateral paw. A partial dopamine lesion impaired the sensorimotor co-ordination of both paws, whereas the complete dopamine lesion had a greater effect on the contralateral paw than on the ipsilateral paw.The mild paw reaching impairments observed in animals with moderate depletions of dopamine are proposed as a model of the early symptoms of Parkinson's disease that may be useful for the development of protective or restorative therapies.</abstract><subject lang="en"><topic>DA : dopamine</topic><topic>EDTA : ethylenediaminetetra acetate</topic><topic>HVA : homovanillic acid</topic><topic>SH : sham-operated</topic><topic>6-OHDA : 6-hydroxydopamine</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Neuroscience</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>NSC</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><originInfo><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">199508</dateIssued></originInfo><identifier type="ISSN">0306-4522</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0306-4522(00)X0024-3</identifier><part><date>199508</date><detail type="volume"><number>67</number><caption>vol.</caption></detail><detail type="issue"><number>4</number><caption>no.</caption></detail><extent unit="issue pages"><start>777</start><end>1020</end></extent><extent unit="pages"><start>837</start><end>848</end></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">88F30D08C9B0F050F665BCBA52C0A90643D2405A</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1016/0306-4522(95)00112-V</identifier><identifier type="PII">0306-4522(95)00112-V</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">9500112V</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">©1995 IBRO</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource>ELSEVIER</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>IBRO, ©1995</recordOrigin></recordInfo></mods></metadata></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Wicri/Sante/explor/ParkinsonFranceV1/Data/Istex/Corpus
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 001165 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Istex/Corpus/biblio.hfd -nk 001165 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Wicri/Sante
|area= ParkinsonFranceV1
|flux= Istex
|étape= Corpus
|type= RBID
|clé= ISTEX:88F30D08C9B0F050F665BCBA52C0A90643D2405A
|texte= Effects of complete and partial lesions of the dopaminergic mesotelencephalic system on skilled forelimb use in the rat
}}
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.29. |  |