La maladie de Parkinson en France (serveur d'exploration)

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Strategies for proteomic analysis of cerebral tissue and biological fluids in Parkinson's disease

Identifieur interne : 000374 ( Hal/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000373; suivant : 000375

Strategies for proteomic analysis of cerebral tissue and biological fluids in Parkinson's disease

Auteurs : Affif Zaccaria [France]

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RBID : Hal:tel-00820156

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Abstract

Proteomics analysis of pathological brain tissue in Parkinson's disease (PD) is of great importance to understand the molecular aetiology of degeneration and to develop curative treatments. To date, published studies have been restricted to the analysis of human post-mortem tissue samples, frequently derived from advanced disease stage and potentially altered by several factors. In this project we took advantage of the temporary access to PD patient's brain during electrode implantation to obtain in vivo molecular information from cerebral tissue at earlier stage of the disease. We further developed a dedicated tool to improve our tissue harvesting approach, and validated its efficiency and non-lesion effects in vivo in monkeys. This work opens the way to the proteomic analysis of fresh human brain samples to elucidate molecular causes of degeneration in PD. However such tissue investigation approach remains invasive and cannot be used in routine clinical screening for PD diagnosis. Proteomics analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) constitutes a promising alternative to identify neuropathological diagnosis markers. For this purpose, we developed a nanoparticle-assisted strategy enabling the enrichment of CSF proteins detection by mass spectrometry. Reproducibility and high throughput potentiality of our approach demonstrate its compatibility with clinical proteomics for PD diagnosis biomarker research in CSF. We also demonstrated the interest of this NP strategy for plasma and red blood cells proteome analysis. Finally, we evaluated the ability to use these NPs for in vivo protein harvesting in blood.

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<abstract xml:lang="en">Proteomics analysis of pathological brain tissue in Parkinson's disease (PD) is of great importance to understand the molecular aetiology of degeneration and to develop curative treatments. To date, published studies have been restricted to the analysis of human post-mortem tissue samples, frequently derived from advanced disease stage and potentially altered by several factors. In this project we took advantage of the temporary access to PD patient's brain during electrode implantation to obtain in vivo molecular information from cerebral tissue at earlier stage of the disease. We further developed a dedicated tool to improve our tissue harvesting approach, and validated its efficiency and non-lesion effects in vivo in monkeys. This work opens the way to the proteomic analysis of fresh human brain samples to elucidate molecular causes of degeneration in PD. However such tissue investigation approach remains invasive and cannot be used in routine clinical screening for PD diagnosis. Proteomics analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) constitutes a promising alternative to identify neuropathological diagnosis markers. For this purpose, we developed a nanoparticle-assisted strategy enabling the enrichment of CSF proteins detection by mass spectrometry. Reproducibility and high throughput potentiality of our approach demonstrate its compatibility with clinical proteomics for PD diagnosis biomarker research in CSF. We also demonstrated the interest of this NP strategy for plasma and red blood cells proteome analysis. Finally, we evaluated the ability to use these NPs for in vivo protein harvesting in blood.</abstract>
<abstract xml:lang="fr">L'analyse protéomique du tissu cérébral pathologique dans la maladie de Parkinson (MP) est un enjeu majeur à l'identification des causes moléculaires de la dégénérescence en vue de développer des thérapies curatives. Jusqu'à présent, les études chez l'humain se sont limitées à l'analyse du cerveau post-mortem, trop souvent représentatif d'un stade très avancé de la maladie et potentiellement altéré par différents facteurs. Dans ce travail, nous avons exploité l'accès temporaire au cerveau parkinsonien durant l'implantation d'électrodes de stimulation, pour obtenir une information moléculaire du tissu cérébral, in vivo et à un stade moins avancé de la maladie. Afin d'optimiser notre stratégie, nous avons ensuite développé un outil dédié à la capture tissulaire dont l'efficacité et le caractère non lésionnel ont été validés in vivo chez le primate. Ce travail permet d'envisager l'analyse protéomique du cerveau parkinsonien « vivant » afin d'identifier les causes moléculaires de la MP. En revanche, cette approche tissulaire n'est pas envisageable pour un diagnostic en routine clinique. Aussi, de nombreux groupes s'intéressent à l'analyse protéomique du LCR en vue d'identifier des marqueurs diagnostiques. Dans cette optique, nous avons mis au point une stratégie, basée sur l'utilisation de nanoparticules (NPs) fonctionnalisées qui a permis un enrichissement considérable des profils protéiques observés en spectrométrie de masse. La reproductibilité et la possibilité d'automatiser intégralement la préparation des échantillons font de notre approche une solution adaptée à la recherche de marqueurs moléculaires diagnostiques de la MP dans le LCR. Nous avons aussi démontré l'intérêt de notre approche pour l'analyse protéomique du plasma et du globule rouge. Enfin, nous avons évalué la possibilité d'utiliser ces NPs in vivo, pour une capture des protéines directement dans la circulation sanguine.</abstract>
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