Host Immunological Factors Enhancing Mortality of Young Adults during the 1918 Influenza Pandemic.
Identifieur interne : 000607 ( PubMed/Corpus ); précédent : 000606; suivant : 000608Host Immunological Factors Enhancing Mortality of Young Adults during the 1918 Influenza Pandemic.
Auteurs : Julie L. Mcauley ; Katherine Kedzierska ; Lorena E. Brown ; G Dennis ShanksSource :
- Frontiers in immunology [ 1664-3224 ] ; 2015.
Abstract
During the 1918 influenza pandemic, healthy young adults unusually succumbed to infection and were considered more vulnerable than young children and the elderly. The pathogenesis of this pandemic in the young adult population remains poorly understood. As this population is normally the least likely to die during seasonal influenza outbreaks, thought to be due to their appropriate pre-existing and robust immune responses protecting them from infection, we sought to review existing literature for immunological reasons for excessive mortality during the 1918 pandemic. We propose the novelty of the H1N1 pandemic virus to an H1N1 naïve immune system, the virulence of this virus, and dysfunctional host inflammatory and immunological responses, shaped by past influenza infections could have each contributed to their overall susceptibility. Additionally, in the young adult population, pre-exposure to past influenza infection of different subtypes, such as a H3N8 virus, during their infancy in 1889-1892, may have shaped immunological responses and enhanced vulnerability via humoral immunity effects with cross-reactive or non-neutralizing antibodies; excessive and/or ineffective cellular immunity from memory T lymphocytes; and innate dysfunctional inflammation. Multiple mechanisms likely contributed to the increased young adult mortality in 1918 and are the focus of this review.
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00419
PubMed: 26347742
Links to Exploration step
pubmed:26347742Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Host Immunological Factors Enhancing Mortality of Young Adults during the 1918 Influenza Pandemic.</title>
<author><name sortKey="Mcauley, Julie L" sort="Mcauley, Julie L" uniqKey="Mcauley J" first="Julie L" last="Mcauley">Julie L. Mcauley</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity , Melbourne, VIC , Australia.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kedzierska, Katherine" sort="Kedzierska, Katherine" uniqKey="Kedzierska K" first="Katherine" last="Kedzierska">Katherine Kedzierska</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity , Melbourne, VIC , Australia.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Brown, Lorena E" sort="Brown, Lorena E" uniqKey="Brown L" first="Lorena E" last="Brown">Lorena E. Brown</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity , Melbourne, VIC , Australia.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Shanks, G Dennis" sort="Shanks, G Dennis" uniqKey="Shanks G" first="G Dennis" last="Shanks">G Dennis Shanks</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Australian Army Malaria Institute , Enoggera, QLD , Australia ; School of Population Health, University of Queensland , Brisbane, QLD , Australia.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno>
<date when="2015">2015</date>
<idno type="RBID">pubmed:26347742</idno>
<idno type="pmid">26347742</idno>
<idno type="doi">10.3389/fimmu.2015.00419</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000607</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000607</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Host Immunological Factors Enhancing Mortality of Young Adults during the 1918 Influenza Pandemic.</title>
<author><name sortKey="Mcauley, Julie L" sort="Mcauley, Julie L" uniqKey="Mcauley J" first="Julie L" last="Mcauley">Julie L. Mcauley</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity , Melbourne, VIC , Australia.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kedzierska, Katherine" sort="Kedzierska, Katherine" uniqKey="Kedzierska K" first="Katherine" last="Kedzierska">Katherine Kedzierska</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity , Melbourne, VIC , Australia.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Brown, Lorena E" sort="Brown, Lorena E" uniqKey="Brown L" first="Lorena E" last="Brown">Lorena E. Brown</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity , Melbourne, VIC , Australia.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Shanks, G Dennis" sort="Shanks, G Dennis" uniqKey="Shanks G" first="G Dennis" last="Shanks">G Dennis Shanks</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Australian Army Malaria Institute , Enoggera, QLD , Australia ; School of Population Health, University of Queensland , Brisbane, QLD , Australia.</nlm:affiliation>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">Frontiers in immunology</title>
<idno type="ISSN">1664-3224</idno>
<imprint><date when="2015" type="published">2015</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass></textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">During the 1918 influenza pandemic, healthy young adults unusually succumbed to infection and were considered more vulnerable than young children and the elderly. The pathogenesis of this pandemic in the young adult population remains poorly understood. As this population is normally the least likely to die during seasonal influenza outbreaks, thought to be due to their appropriate pre-existing and robust immune responses protecting them from infection, we sought to review existing literature for immunological reasons for excessive mortality during the 1918 pandemic. We propose the novelty of the H1N1 pandemic virus to an H1N1 naïve immune system, the virulence of this virus, and dysfunctional host inflammatory and immunological responses, shaped by past influenza infections could have each contributed to their overall susceptibility. Additionally, in the young adult population, pre-exposure to past influenza infection of different subtypes, such as a H3N8 virus, during their infancy in 1889-1892, may have shaped immunological responses and enhanced vulnerability via humoral immunity effects with cross-reactive or non-neutralizing antibodies; excessive and/or ineffective cellular immunity from memory T lymphocytes; and innate dysfunctional inflammation. Multiple mechanisms likely contributed to the increased young adult mortality in 1918 and are the focus of this review. </div>
</front>
</TEI>
<pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="PubMed-not-MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">26347742</PMID>
<DateCompleted><Year>2015</Year>
<Month>09</Month>
<Day>08</Day>
</DateCompleted>
<DateRevised><Year>2018</Year>
<Month>11</Month>
<Day>13</Day>
</DateRevised>
<Article PubModel="Electronic-eCollection"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Print">1664-3224</ISSN>
<JournalIssue CitedMedium="Print"><Volume>6</Volume>
<PubDate><Year>2015</Year>
</PubDate>
</JournalIssue>
<Title>Frontiers in immunology</Title>
<ISOAbbreviation>Front Immunol</ISOAbbreviation>
</Journal>
<ArticleTitle>Host Immunological Factors Enhancing Mortality of Young Adults during the 1918 Influenza Pandemic.</ArticleTitle>
<Pagination><MedlinePgn>419</MedlinePgn>
</Pagination>
<ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.3389/fimmu.2015.00419</ELocationID>
<Abstract><AbstractText>During the 1918 influenza pandemic, healthy young adults unusually succumbed to infection and were considered more vulnerable than young children and the elderly. The pathogenesis of this pandemic in the young adult population remains poorly understood. As this population is normally the least likely to die during seasonal influenza outbreaks, thought to be due to their appropriate pre-existing and robust immune responses protecting them from infection, we sought to review existing literature for immunological reasons for excessive mortality during the 1918 pandemic. We propose the novelty of the H1N1 pandemic virus to an H1N1 naïve immune system, the virulence of this virus, and dysfunctional host inflammatory and immunological responses, shaped by past influenza infections could have each contributed to their overall susceptibility. Additionally, in the young adult population, pre-exposure to past influenza infection of different subtypes, such as a H3N8 virus, during their infancy in 1889-1892, may have shaped immunological responses and enhanced vulnerability via humoral immunity effects with cross-reactive or non-neutralizing antibodies; excessive and/or ineffective cellular immunity from memory T lymphocytes; and innate dysfunctional inflammation. Multiple mechanisms likely contributed to the increased young adult mortality in 1918 and are the focus of this review. </AbstractText>
</Abstract>
<AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>McAuley</LastName>
<ForeName>Julie L</ForeName>
<Initials>JL</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity , Melbourne, VIC , Australia.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kedzierska</LastName>
<ForeName>Katherine</ForeName>
<Initials>K</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity , Melbourne, VIC , Australia.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Brown</LastName>
<ForeName>Lorena E</ForeName>
<Initials>LE</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity , Melbourne, VIC , Australia.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Shanks</LastName>
<ForeName>G Dennis</ForeName>
<Initials>GD</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Australian Army Malaria Institute , Enoggera, QLD , Australia ; School of Population Health, University of Queensland , Brisbane, QLD , Australia.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
</AuthorList>
<Language>eng</Language>
<PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType>
<PublicationType UI="D016454">Review</PublicationType>
</PublicationTypeList>
<ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2015</Year>
<Month>08</Month>
<Day>19</Day>
</ArticleDate>
</Article>
<MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Switzerland</Country>
<MedlineTA>Front Immunol</MedlineTA>
<NlmUniqueID>101560960</NlmUniqueID>
<ISSNLinking>1664-3224</ISSNLinking>
</MedlineJournalInfo>
<KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">1918</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">influenza</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">mortality</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">pandemic</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">pathogenesis</Keyword>
</KeywordList>
</MedlineCitation>
<PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2015</Year>
<Month>03</Month>
<Day>31</Day>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2015</Year>
<Month>08</Month>
<Day>01</Day>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2015</Year>
<Month>9</Month>
<Day>9</Day>
<Hour>6</Hour>
<Minute>0</Minute>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2015</Year>
<Month>9</Month>
<Day>9</Day>
<Hour>6</Hour>
<Minute>0</Minute>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2015</Year>
<Month>9</Month>
<Day>9</Day>
<Hour>6</Hour>
<Minute>1</Minute>
</PubMedPubDate>
</History>
<PublicationStatus>epublish</PublicationStatus>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">26347742</ArticleId>
<ArticleId IdType="doi">10.3389/fimmu.2015.00419</ArticleId>
<ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC4541073</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
<ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>J Virol. 2011 Dec;85(24):13463-7</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">21994454</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>J Immunol. 2004 May 1;172(9):5598-605</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">15100303</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>PLoS One. 2013 Aug 05;8(8):e69586</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">23940526</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Jun 5;109(23):9047-52</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">22615367</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Science. 2014 Nov 21;346(6212):996-1000</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25414313</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Sci Transl Med. 2013 Aug 28;5(200):200ra114</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">23986398</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Curr Opin Virol. 2013 Oct;3(5):521-30</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">23978327</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Science. 2011 Aug 12;333(6044):850-6</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">21798894</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Science. 2010 Apr 16;328(5976):357-60</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">20339031</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>N Engl J Med. 2009 Nov 12;361(20):1935-44</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">19815859</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Rev Med Virol. 2000 Mar-Apr;10 (2):119-33</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">10713598</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>J Virol. 2010 Dec;84(24):12576-88</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">20926563</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Science. 2005 Oct 7;310(5745):77-80</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">16210530</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>J Infect Dis. 2006 Jan 1;193(1):49-53</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">16323131</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Nature. 2007 Jan 18;445(7125):319-23</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">17230189</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1969 Jun;131(2):658-61</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">4977750</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>J Virol. 2013 Dec;87(24):13706-18</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">24109221</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>J Infect Dis. 2014 Sep 15;210(6):993-5</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">24676203</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Epidemiol Infect. 2011 Sep;139(9):1425-30</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">21418715</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Sep 27;108(39):16416-21</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">21930918</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>J Immunol. 2013 Feb 15;190(4):1837-48</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">23319732</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Lancet. 2006 Dec 23;368(9554):2211-8</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">17189032</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Emerg Infect Dis. 2012 Feb;18(2):201-7</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">22306191</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Mar 19;110(12):4592-7</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">23460696</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2011 May;5(3):213-9</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">21477141</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>J Clin Invest. 2015 Mar 2;125(3):1255-68</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25689254</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Curr Opin Immunol. 2010 Aug;22(4):475-81</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">20594815</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>JAMA. 2009 Nov 4;302(17 ):1872-9</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">19822627</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Nature. 2008 May 29;453(7195):667-71</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">18449194</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>N Engl J Med. 1983 Jul 7;309(1):13-7</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">6602294</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Front Microbiol. 2014 Jun 12;5:285</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">24971078</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>J Infect Dis. 2008 Nov 15;198(10 ):1427-34</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">18808337</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>N Engl J Med. 2013 Jun 13;368(24):2277-85</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">23697469</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014 Jun 3;111(22):8107-12</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">24778238</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Antiviral Res. 2013 Sep;99(3):230-7</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">23721943</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014 Jan 14;111(2):769-74</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">24367104</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>J Virol. 2012 Mar;86(5):2437-46</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">22190720</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>J Infect Dis. 2013 May 15;207(10):1576-84</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">23420903</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Jul 13;107(28):12599-604</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">20616031</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Nat Med. 2013 Oct;19(10 ):1305-12</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">24056771</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>J Immunol. 2011 Apr 1;186(7):3823-9</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">21422252</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Immunol Rev. 1997 Oct;159:105-17</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">9416506</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2012 Nov;6(6):417-23</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">22226378</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Vet Pathol. 2012 Nov;49(6):900-12</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">22461226</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>J Virol. 2014 Nov;88(22):13260-8</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25210189</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>N Engl J Med. 2009 Nov 12;361(20):1925-34</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">19815860</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Immunol Cell Biol. 2007 Feb-Mar;85(2):85-92</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">17213831</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>PLoS Pathog. 2010 Jan 29;6(1):e1000745</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">20126449</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>N Engl J Med. 2009 Nov 12;361(20):1945-52</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">19745214</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>J Exp Med. 2002 Sep 16;196(6):859-65</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">12235218</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Am J Prev Med. 2006 Sep;31(3):252-6</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">16905037</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Antiviral Res. 2014 Nov;111:60-8</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25218949</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Jul 24;104(30):12479-81</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">17640882</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Cell Mol Life Sci. 2014 Mar;71(5):885-98</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">24091817</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>J Exp Med. 1992 Apr 1;175(4):1143-5</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">1552285</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>J Virol. 2012 Oct;86(19):10302-7</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">22787225</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Clin Infect Dis. 2014 Jul 15;59(2):166-74</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">24785230</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Nature. 2012 Sep 27;489(7417):566-70</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">22932267</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Cell Host Microbe. 2007 Oct 11;2(4):240-9</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">18005742</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>J Theor Biol. 2009 Dec 21;261(4):584-92</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">19703472</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>J Exp Med. 2011 Jan 17;208(1):181-93</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">21220454</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>JAMA. 1967 Dec 18;202(12 ):1075-80</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">6072745</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>N Engl J Med. 2009 Nov 12;361(20):2000-1</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">19907052</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>J Virol. 2013 May;87(10):5512-22</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">23468501</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Emerg Infect Dis. 2006 Jan;12(1):15-22</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">16494711</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>PLoS Pathog. 2010 Jul 22;6(7):e1001014</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">20661425</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>PLoS Pathog. 2010 Feb 26;6(2):e1000796</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">20195520</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference><Citation>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014 Jan 21;111(3):1049-54</Citation>
<ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">24395804</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
</ReferenceList>
</PubmedData>
</pubmed>
</record>
Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Sante/explor/PandemieGrippaleV1/Data/PubMed/Corpus
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 000607 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/PubMed/Corpus/biblio.hfd -nk 000607 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien |wiki= Sante |area= PandemieGrippaleV1 |flux= PubMed |étape= Corpus |type= RBID |clé= pubmed:26347742 |texte= Host Immunological Factors Enhancing Mortality of Young Adults during the 1918 Influenza Pandemic. }}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/PubMed/Corpus/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:26347742" \ | HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/PubMed/Corpus/biblio.hfd \ | NlmPubMed2Wicri -a PandemieGrippaleV1
![]() | This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.34. | ![]() |