Detection of influenza A virus in aerosols of vaccinated and non-vaccinated pigs in a warm environment.
Identifieur interne : 000293 ( PubMed/Corpus ); précédent : 000292; suivant : 000294Detection of influenza A virus in aerosols of vaccinated and non-vaccinated pigs in a warm environment.
Auteurs : Victor Neira ; Matt Allerson ; Cesar Corzo ; Marie Culhane ; Aaron Rendahl ; Montserrat TorremorellSource :
- PloS one [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2018.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Aerosols, Air Microbiology, Animals, Disease Reservoirs (veterinary), Disease Reservoirs (virology), Humans, Humidity, Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype (immunology), Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype (isolation & purification), Influenza Vaccines (administration & dosage), Influenza Vaccines (immunology), Orthomyxoviridae Infections (prevention & control), Orthomyxoviridae Infections (transmission), Orthomyxoviridae Infections (veterinary), Sus scrofa (immunology), Sus scrofa (virology), Swine, Swine Diseases (prevention & control), Swine Diseases (transmission), Swine Diseases (virology), Temperature, Vaccination (veterinary), Virus Shedding (immunology), Zoonoses (transmission), Zoonoses (virology).
- MESH :
- chemical , administration & dosage : Influenza Vaccines.
- chemical , immunology : Influenza Vaccines.
- chemical : Aerosols.
- immunology : Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype, Sus scrofa, Virus Shedding.
- isolation & purification : Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype.
- prevention & control : Orthomyxoviridae Infections, Swine Diseases.
- transmission : Orthomyxoviridae Infections, Swine Diseases, Zoonoses.
- veterinary : Disease Reservoirs, Orthomyxoviridae Infections, Vaccination.
- virology : Disease Reservoirs, Sus scrofa, Swine Diseases, Zoonoses.
- Air Microbiology, Animals, Humans, Humidity, Swine, Temperature.
Abstract
The 2009 influenza pandemic, the variant H3N2v viruses in agricultural fairs and the zoonotic poultry H5N9 infections in China have highlighted the constant threat that influenza A viruses (IAV) present to people and animals. In this study we evaluated the effect of IAV vaccination on aerosol shedding in pigs housed in warm environmental conditions. Thirty-six, three-week old weaned pigs were obtained from an IAV negative herd and were randomly allocated to one of 4 groups: 1) a homologous vaccine group, 2) a heterologous multivalent vaccine group, 3) a heterologous monovalent group and, 4) a non-vaccinated group. After vaccination pigs were challenged with the triple reassortant A/Sw/IA/00239/04 H1N1 virus. Environmental temperature and relative humidity were recorded throughout the study. Nasal swabs, oral fluids and air samples were collected daily. All samples were tested by RRT-PCR and virus isolation was attempted on positive samples. Average temperature and relative humidity throughout the study were 27°C (80°F) and 53%, respectively. A significantly higher proportion of infected pigs was detected in the non-vaccinated than in the vaccinated group. Lower levels of nasal virus shedding were found in vaccinated groups compared to non-vaccinated group and IAV was not detected in air samples of any of the vaccinated groups. In contrast, positive air samples were detected in the non-vaccinated group at 1, 2 and 3 days post infection although the overall levels were considered low most likely due to the elevated environmental temperature. In conclusion, both the decrease in shedding and the increase in environmental temperature may have contributed to the inability to detect airborne IAV in vaccinated pigs.
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197600
PubMed: 29782527
Links to Exploration step
pubmed:29782527Le document en format XML
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<term>Disease Reservoirs (virology)</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Humidity</term>
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<term>Swine Diseases (virology)</term>
<term>Temperature</term>
<term>Vaccination (veterinary)</term>
<term>Virus Shedding (immunology)</term>
<term>Zoonoses (transmission)</term>
<term>Zoonoses (virology)</term>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The 2009 influenza pandemic, the variant H3N2v viruses in agricultural fairs and the zoonotic poultry H5N9 infections in China have highlighted the constant threat that influenza A viruses (IAV) present to people and animals. In this study we evaluated the effect of IAV vaccination on aerosol shedding in pigs housed in warm environmental conditions. Thirty-six, three-week old weaned pigs were obtained from an IAV negative herd and were randomly allocated to one of 4 groups: 1) a homologous vaccine group, 2) a heterologous multivalent vaccine group, 3) a heterologous monovalent group and, 4) a non-vaccinated group. After vaccination pigs were challenged with the triple reassortant A/Sw/IA/00239/04 H1N1 virus. Environmental temperature and relative humidity were recorded throughout the study. Nasal swabs, oral fluids and air samples were collected daily. All samples were tested by RRT-PCR and virus isolation was attempted on positive samples. Average temperature and relative humidity throughout the study were 27°C (80°F) and 53%, respectively. A significantly higher proportion of infected pigs was detected in the non-vaccinated than in the vaccinated group. Lower levels of nasal virus shedding were found in vaccinated groups compared to non-vaccinated group and IAV was not detected in air samples of any of the vaccinated groups. In contrast, positive air samples were detected in the non-vaccinated group at 1, 2 and 3 days post infection although the overall levels were considered low most likely due to the elevated environmental temperature. In conclusion, both the decrease in shedding and the increase in environmental temperature may have contributed to the inability to detect airborne IAV in vaccinated pigs.</div>
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<Abstract><AbstractText>The 2009 influenza pandemic, the variant H3N2v viruses in agricultural fairs and the zoonotic poultry H5N9 infections in China have highlighted the constant threat that influenza A viruses (IAV) present to people and animals. In this study we evaluated the effect of IAV vaccination on aerosol shedding in pigs housed in warm environmental conditions. Thirty-six, three-week old weaned pigs were obtained from an IAV negative herd and were randomly allocated to one of 4 groups: 1) a homologous vaccine group, 2) a heterologous multivalent vaccine group, 3) a heterologous monovalent group and, 4) a non-vaccinated group. After vaccination pigs were challenged with the triple reassortant A/Sw/IA/00239/04 H1N1 virus. Environmental temperature and relative humidity were recorded throughout the study. Nasal swabs, oral fluids and air samples were collected daily. All samples were tested by RRT-PCR and virus isolation was attempted on positive samples. Average temperature and relative humidity throughout the study were 27°C (80°F) and 53%, respectively. A significantly higher proportion of infected pigs was detected in the non-vaccinated than in the vaccinated group. Lower levels of nasal virus shedding were found in vaccinated groups compared to non-vaccinated group and IAV was not detected in air samples of any of the vaccinated groups. In contrast, positive air samples were detected in the non-vaccinated group at 1, 2 and 3 days post infection although the overall levels were considered low most likely due to the elevated environmental temperature. In conclusion, both the decrease in shedding and the increase in environmental temperature may have contributed to the inability to detect airborne IAV in vaccinated pigs.</AbstractText>
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<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, United States of America.</Affiliation>
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<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Torremorell</LastName>
<ForeName>Montserrat</ForeName>
<Initials>M</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, United States of America.</Affiliation>
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