Exit and Entry Screening Practices for Infectious Diseases among Travelers at Points of Entry: Looking for Evidence on Public Health Impact.
Identifieur interne : 000071 ( PubMed/Corpus ); précédent : 000070; suivant : 000072Exit and Entry Screening Practices for Infectious Diseases among Travelers at Points of Entry: Looking for Evidence on Public Health Impact.
Auteurs : Varvara A. Mouchtouri ; Eleni P. Christoforidou ; Maria An Der Heiden ; Cinthia Menel Lemos ; Margherita Fanos ; Ute Rexroth ; Ulrike Grote ; Evelien Belfroid ; Corien Swaan ; Christos HadjichristodoulouSource :
- International journal of environmental research and public health [ 1660-4601 ] ; 2019.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Africa, Western (epidemiology), Aircraft, Communicable Disease Control (methods), Communicable Diseases (diagnosis), Communicable Diseases (epidemiology), Disease Outbreaks (prevention & control), Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola (epidemiology), Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola (prevention & control), Humans, Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype, Influenza, Human (epidemiology), Influenza, Human (prevention & control), Mass Screening (standards), Mass Screening (statistics & numerical data), Public Health, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (epidemiology), Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (prevention & control), Travel.
- MESH :
- geographic , epidemiology : Africa, Western.
- diagnosis : Communicable Diseases.
- epidemiology : Communicable Diseases, Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola, Influenza, Human, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome.
- methods : Communicable Disease Control.
- prevention & control : Disease Outbreaks, Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola, Influenza, Human, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome.
- standards : Mass Screening.
- statistics & numerical data : Mass Screening.
- Aircraft, Humans, Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype, Public Health, Travel.
Abstract
A scoping search and a systematic literature review were conducted to give an insight on entry and exit screening referring to travelers at points of entry, by analyzing published evidence on practices, guidelines, and experiences in the past 15 years worldwide. Grey literature, PubMed. and Scopus were searched using specific terms. Most of the available data identified through the systematic literature review concerned entry screening measures at airports. Little evidence is available about entry and exit screening measure implementation and effectiveness at ports and ground crossings. Exit screening was part of the World Health Organisation's (WHO) temporary recommendations for implementation in certain points of entry, for specific time periods. Exit screening measures for Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) in the three most affected West African countries did not identify any cases and showed zero sensitivity and very low specificity. The percentages of confirmed cases identified out of the total numbers of travelers that passed through entry screening measures in various countries worldwide for Influenza Pandemic (H1N1) and EVD in West Africa were zero or extremely low. Entry screening measures for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) did not detect any confirmed SARS cases in Australia, Canada, and Singapore. Despite the ineffectiveness of entry and exit screening measures, authors reported several important concomitant positive effects that their impact is difficult to assess, including discouraging travel of ill persons, raising awareness, and educating the traveling public and maintaining operation of flights from/to the affected areas. Exit screening measures in affected areas are important and should be applied jointly with other measures including information strategies, epidemiological investigation, contact tracing, vaccination, and quarantine to achieve a comprehensive outbreak management response. Based on review results, an algorithm about decision-making for entry/exit screening was developed.
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16234638
PubMed: 31766548
Links to Exploration step
pubmed:31766548Le document en format XML
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Christoforidou</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41222 Larissa, Greece.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="An Der Heiden, Maria" sort="An Der Heiden, Maria" uniqKey="An Der Heiden M" first="Maria" last="An Der Heiden">Maria An Der Heiden</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Robert Koch Institute, Department for Infectious Disease Epidemiology, 13353 Berlin, Germany.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Menel Lemos, Cinthia" sort="Menel Lemos, Cinthia" uniqKey="Menel Lemos C" first="Cinthia" last="Menel Lemos">Cinthia Menel Lemos</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Consumers, Health, Agriculture and Food Executive Agency (Chafea), L-2920 Luxemburg, Luxemburg.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fanos, Margherita" sort="Fanos, Margherita" uniqKey="Fanos M" first="Margherita" last="Fanos">Margherita 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xml:lang="en"><term>Aircraft</term><term>Humans</term><term>Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype</term><term>Public Health</term><term>Travel</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">A scoping search and a systematic literature review were conducted to give an insight on entry and exit screening referring to travelers at points of entry, by analyzing published evidence on practices, guidelines, and experiences in the past 15 years worldwide. Grey literature, PubMed. and Scopus were searched using specific terms. Most of the available data identified through the systematic literature review concerned entry screening measures at airports. Little evidence is available about entry and exit screening measure implementation and effectiveness at ports and ground crossings. Exit screening was part of the World Health Organisation's (WHO) temporary recommendations for implementation in certain points of entry, for specific time periods. Exit screening measures for Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) in the three most affected West African countries did not identify any cases and showed zero sensitivity and very low specificity. The percentages of confirmed cases identified out of the total numbers of travelers that passed through entry screening measures in various countries worldwide for Influenza Pandemic (H1N1) and EVD in West Africa were zero or extremely low. Entry screening measures for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) did not detect any confirmed SARS cases in Australia, Canada, and Singapore. Despite the ineffectiveness of entry and exit screening measures, authors reported several important concomitant positive effects that their impact is difficult to assess, including discouraging travel of ill persons, raising awareness, and educating the traveling public and maintaining operation of flights from/to the affected areas. Exit screening measures in affected areas are important and should be applied jointly with other measures including information strategies, epidemiological investigation, contact tracing, vaccination, and quarantine to achieve a comprehensive outbreak management response. Based on review results, an algorithm about decision-making for entry/exit screening was developed.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" IndexingMethod="Curated" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">31766548</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2020</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>06</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2020</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>08</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1660-4601</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>16</Volume><Issue>23</Issue><PubDate><Year>2019</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>21</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>International journal of environmental research and public health</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Int J Environ Res Public Health</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Exit and Entry Screening Practices for Infectious Diseases among Travelers at Points of Entry: Looking for Evidence on Public Health Impact.</ArticleTitle><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">E4638</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.3390/ijerph16234638</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>A scoping search and a systematic literature review were conducted to give an insight on entry and exit screening referring to travelers at points of entry, by analyzing published evidence on practices, guidelines, and experiences in the past 15 years worldwide. Grey literature, PubMed. and Scopus were searched using specific terms. Most of the available data identified through the systematic literature review concerned entry screening measures at airports. Little evidence is available about entry and exit screening measure implementation and effectiveness at ports and ground crossings. Exit screening was part of the World Health Organisation's (WHO) temporary recommendations for implementation in certain points of entry, for specific time periods. Exit screening measures for Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) in the three most affected West African countries did not identify any cases and showed zero sensitivity and very low specificity. The percentages of confirmed cases identified out of the total numbers of travelers that passed through entry screening measures in various countries worldwide for Influenza Pandemic (H1N1) and EVD in West Africa were zero or extremely low. Entry screening measures for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) did not detect any confirmed SARS cases in Australia, Canada, and Singapore. Despite the ineffectiveness of entry and exit screening measures, authors reported several important concomitant positive effects that their impact is difficult to assess, including discouraging travel of ill persons, raising awareness, and educating the traveling public and maintaining operation of flights from/to the affected areas. Exit screening measures in affected areas are important and should be applied jointly with other measures including information strategies, epidemiological investigation, contact tracing, vaccination, and quarantine to achieve a comprehensive outbreak management response. Based on review results, an algorithm about decision-making for entry/exit screening was developed.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mouchtouri</LastName><ForeName>Varvara A</ForeName><Initials>VA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41222 Larissa, Greece.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Christoforidou</LastName><ForeName>Eleni P</ForeName><Initials>EP</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41222 Larissa, Greece.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>An der Heiden</LastName><ForeName>Maria</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Robert Koch Institute, Department for Infectious Disease Epidemiology, 13353 Berlin, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Menel Lemos</LastName><ForeName>Cinthia</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Consumers, Health, Agriculture and Food Executive Agency (Chafea), L-2920 Luxemburg, Luxemburg.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Fanos</LastName><ForeName>Margherita</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>European Commission, DG Health and Food Safety (SANTE), Unit C3-Crisis Management and Preparedness in Health, Luxemburg, L-2920, Luxembourg.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Rexroth</LastName><ForeName>Ute</ForeName><Initials>U</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Robert Koch Institute, Department for Infectious Disease Epidemiology, 13353 Berlin, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Grote</LastName><ForeName>Ulrike</ForeName><Initials>U</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Robert Koch Institute, Department for Infectious Disease Epidemiology, 13353 Berlin, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Belfroid</LastName><ForeName>Evelien</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, RIVM, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Swaan</LastName><ForeName>Corien</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, RIVM, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hadjichristodoulou</LastName><ForeName>Christos</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41222 Larissa, Greece.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D000078182">Systematic Review</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2019</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>21</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Switzerland</Country><MedlineTA>Int J Environ Res Public Health</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101238455</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1660-4601</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000354" MajorTopicYN="N" Type="Geographic">Africa, Western</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000401" MajorTopicYN="N">Aircraft</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003140" MajorTopicYN="N">Communicable Disease Control</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000379" MajorTopicYN="Y">methods</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003141" MajorTopicYN="N">Communicable Diseases</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000175" MajorTopicYN="Y">diagnosis</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="Y">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D004196" MajorTopicYN="N">Disease Outbreaks</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000517" MajorTopicYN="N">prevention & control</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D019142" MajorTopicYN="N">Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000517" MajorTopicYN="N">prevention & control</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D053118" MajorTopicYN="N">Influenza A Virus, H1N1 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MajorTopicYN="Y">Travel</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">IHR</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">PHEIC</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">airport</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">border</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">ground crossing</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">health measure</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">points of entry</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">port</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">screening</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2019</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>23</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2019</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>14</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2019</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>15</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2019</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>27</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate 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