Health inequalities and infectious disease epidemics: a challenge for global health security.
Identifieur interne : 001F19 ( PubMed/Checkpoint ); précédent : 001F18; suivant : 001F20Health inequalities and infectious disease epidemics: a challenge for global health security.
Auteurs : Sandra Crouse Quinn ; Supriya KumarSource :
- Biosecurity and bioterrorism : biodefense strategy, practice, and science [ 1557-850X ]
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Animaux, Bioterrorisme (), Contrôle des maladies contagieuses (organisation et administration), Coopération internationale, Disparités de l'état de santé, Facteurs socioéconomiques, Flambées de maladies (), Humains, Mesures de sécurité, Objectifs de fonctionnement, Organisation mondiale de la santé, Politique de santé, Santé mondiale.
- MESH :
- organisation et administration : Contrôle des maladies contagieuses.
- Animaux, Bioterrorisme, Coopération internationale, Disparités de l'état de santé, Facteurs socioéconomiques, Flambées de maladies, Humains, Mesures de sécurité, Objectifs de fonctionnement, Organisation mondiale de la santé, Politique de santé, Santé mondiale.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Animals, Bioterrorism (prevention & control), Communicable Disease Control (organization & administration), Disease Outbreaks (prevention & control), Global Health, Health Policy, Health Status Disparities, Humans, International Cooperation, Organizational Objectives, Security Measures, Socioeconomic Factors, World Health Organization.
- MESH :
- organization & administration : Communicable Disease Control.
- prevention & control : Bioterrorism, Disease Outbreaks.
- Animals, Global Health, Health Policy, Health Status Disparities, Humans, International Cooperation, Organizational Objectives, Security Measures, Socioeconomic Factors, World Health Organization.
Abstract
In today's global society, infectious disease outbreaks can spread quickly across the world, fueled by the rapidity with which we travel across borders and continents. Historical accounts of influenza pandemics and contemporary reports on infectious diseases clearly demonstrate that poverty, inequality, and social determinants of health create conditions for the transmission of infectious diseases, and existing health disparities or inequalities can further contribute to unequal burdens of morbidity and mortality. Yet, to date, studies of influenza pandemic plans across multiple countries find little to no recognition of health inequalities or attempts to engage disadvantaged populations to explicitly address the differential impact of a pandemic on them. To meet the goals and objectives of the Global Health Security Agenda, we argue that international partners, from WHO to individual countries, must grapple with the social determinants of health and existing health inequalities and extend their vision to include these factors so that disease that may start among socially disadvantaged subpopulations does not go unnoticed and spread across borders. These efforts will require rethinking surveillance systems to include sociodemographic data; training local teams of researchers and community health workers who are able to not only analyze data to recognize risk factors for disease, but also use simulation methods to assess the impact of alternative policies on reducing disease; integrating social science disciplines to understand local context; and proactively anticipating shortfalls in availability of adequate healthcare resources, including vaccines. Without explicit attention to existing health inequalities and underlying social determinants of health, the Global Health Security Agenda is unlikely to succeed in its goals and objectives.
DOI: 10.1089/bsp.2014.0032
PubMed: 25254915
Affiliations:
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">In today's global society, infectious disease outbreaks can spread quickly across the world, fueled by the rapidity with which we travel across borders and continents. Historical accounts of influenza pandemics and contemporary reports on infectious diseases clearly demonstrate that poverty, inequality, and social determinants of health create conditions for the transmission of infectious diseases, and existing health disparities or inequalities can further contribute to unequal burdens of morbidity and mortality. Yet, to date, studies of influenza pandemic plans across multiple countries find little to no recognition of health inequalities or attempts to engage disadvantaged populations to explicitly address the differential impact of a pandemic on them. To meet the goals and objectives of the Global Health Security Agenda, we argue that international partners, from WHO to individual countries, must grapple with the social determinants of health and existing health inequalities and extend their vision to include these factors so that disease that may start among socially disadvantaged subpopulations does not go unnoticed and spread across borders. These efforts will require rethinking surveillance systems to include sociodemographic data; training local teams of researchers and community health workers who are able to not only analyze data to recognize risk factors for disease, but also use simulation methods to assess the impact of alternative policies on reducing disease; integrating social science disciplines to understand local context; and proactively anticipating shortfalls in availability of adequate healthcare resources, including vaccines. Without explicit attention to existing health inequalities and underlying social determinants of health, the Global Health Security Agenda is unlikely to succeed in its goals and objectives. </div>
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