Prioritising access to pandemic influenza vaccine: a review of the ethics literature
Identifieur interne : 000288 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 000287; suivant : 000289Prioritising access to pandemic influenza vaccine: a review of the ethics literature
Auteurs : Jane H. Williams [Australie] ; Angus Dawson [Australie]Source :
- BMC Medical Ethics [ 1472-6939 ] ; 2020.
Abstract
The world is threatened by future pandemics. Vaccines can play a key role in preventing harm, but there will inevitably be shortages because there is no possibility of advance stockpiling. We therefore need some method of prioritising access.
This paper reports a critical interpretative review of the published literature that discusses ethical arguments used to justify how we could prioritise vaccine during an influenza pandemic. We found that the focus of the literature was often on proposing different groups as priorities (e.g. those with pre-existing health conditions, the young, the old, health care workers etc.). Different reasons were often suggested as a means of justifying such priority groupings (e.g. appeal to best overall outcomes, fairness, belonging to a vulnerable or ‘at risk’ group etc.). We suggest that much of the literature, wrongly, assumes that we are able to plan priority groups prior to the time of a particular pandemic and development of a particular vaccine. We also point out the surprising absence of various issues from the literature (e.g. how vaccines fit within overall pandemic planning, a lack of specificity about place, issues of global justice etc.).
The literature proposes a wide range of ways to prioritise vaccines, focusing on different groups and ‘principles’. Any plan to use pandemic vaccine must provide justifications for its prioritisation. The focus of this review was influenza pandemic vaccines, but lessons can be learnt for future allocations of coronavirus vaccine, if one becomes available.
Url:
DOI: 10.1186/s12910-020-00477-3
PubMed: 32408869
PubMed Central: 7224123
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title>
<p id="Par1">The world is threatened by future pandemics. Vaccines can play a key role in preventing harm, but there will inevitably be shortages because there is no possibility of advance stockpiling. We therefore need some method of prioritising access.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Main text</title>
<p id="Par2">This paper reports a critical interpretative review of the published literature that discusses ethical arguments used to justify how we could prioritise vaccine during an influenza pandemic. We found that the focus of the literature was often on proposing different groups as priorities (e.g. those with pre-existing health conditions, the young, the old, health care workers etc.). Different reasons were often suggested as a means of justifying such priority groupings (e.g. appeal to best overall outcomes, fairness, belonging to a vulnerable or ‘at risk’ group etc.). We suggest that much of the literature, wrongly, assumes that we are able to plan priority groups prior to the time of a particular pandemic and development of a particular vaccine. We also point out the surprising absence of various issues from the literature (e.g. how vaccines fit within overall pandemic planning, a lack of specificity about place, issues of global justice etc.).</p>
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<sec><title>Conclusions</title>
<p id="Par3">The literature proposes a wide range of ways to prioritise vaccines, focusing on different groups and ‘principles’. Any plan to use pandemic vaccine must provide justifications for its prioritisation. The focus of this review was influenza pandemic vaccines, but lessons can be learnt for future allocations of coronavirus vaccine, if one becomes available.</p>
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<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Review</subject>
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<title-group><article-title>Prioritising access to pandemic influenza vaccine: a review of the ethics literature</article-title>
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<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Williams</surname>
<given-names>Jane H.</given-names>
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<address><email>jane.h.williams@sydney.edu.au</email>
</address>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1">1</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff2">2</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Dawson</surname>
<given-names>Angus</given-names>
</name>
<address><email>angus.dawson@sydney.edu.au</email>
</address>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1">1</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff2">2</xref>
</contrib>
<aff id="Aff1"><label>1</label>
<institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.1013.3</institution-id>
<institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 1936 834X</institution-id>
<institution>Sydney Health Ethics, Sydney School of Public Health,</institution>
<institution>University of Sydney,</institution>
</institution-wrap>
Level 1, Medical Foundation Building K25, Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia</aff>
<aff id="Aff2"><label>2</label>
<institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.1013.3</institution-id>
<institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 1936 834X</institution-id>
<institution>Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Disease and Biosecurity,</institution>
<institution>University of Sydney,</institution>
</institution-wrap>
Sydney, Australia</aff>
</contrib-group>
<pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day>
<month>5</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>14</day>
<month>5</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>21</volume>
<elocation-id>40</elocation-id>
<history><date date-type="received"><day>6</day>
<month>3</month>
<year>2019</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted"><day>24</day>
<month>4</month>
<year>2020</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions><copyright-statement>© The Author(s) 2020</copyright-statement>
<license license-type="OpenAccess"><license-p><bold>Open Access</bold>
This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link>
. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/</ext-link>
) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<abstract id="Abs1"><sec><title>Background</title>
<p id="Par1">The world is threatened by future pandemics. Vaccines can play a key role in preventing harm, but there will inevitably be shortages because there is no possibility of advance stockpiling. We therefore need some method of prioritising access.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Main text</title>
<p id="Par2">This paper reports a critical interpretative review of the published literature that discusses ethical arguments used to justify how we could prioritise vaccine during an influenza pandemic. We found that the focus of the literature was often on proposing different groups as priorities (e.g. those with pre-existing health conditions, the young, the old, health care workers etc.). Different reasons were often suggested as a means of justifying such priority groupings (e.g. appeal to best overall outcomes, fairness, belonging to a vulnerable or ‘at risk’ group etc.). We suggest that much of the literature, wrongly, assumes that we are able to plan priority groups prior to the time of a particular pandemic and development of a particular vaccine. We also point out the surprising absence of various issues from the literature (e.g. how vaccines fit within overall pandemic planning, a lack of specificity about place, issues of global justice etc.).</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Conclusions</title>
<p id="Par3">The literature proposes a wide range of ways to prioritise vaccines, focusing on different groups and ‘principles’. Any plan to use pandemic vaccine must provide justifications for its prioritisation. The focus of this review was influenza pandemic vaccines, but lessons can be learnt for future allocations of coronavirus vaccine, if one becomes available.</p>
</sec>
</abstract>
<kwd-group xml:lang="en"><title>Keywords</title>
<kwd>Ethics</kwd>
<kwd>Pandemic influenza</kwd>
<kwd>Vaccine</kwd>
<kwd>Prioritisation</kwd>
<kwd>Critical interpretative review</kwd>
</kwd-group>
<funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="FundRef">http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003921</institution-id>
<institution>Department of Health, Australian Government</institution>
</institution-wrap>
</funding-source>
<award-id>Health/17-18/73536</award-id>
</award-group>
</funding-group>
<custom-meta-group><custom-meta><meta-name>issue-copyright-statement</meta-name>
<meta-value>© The Author(s) 2020</meta-value>
</custom-meta>
</custom-meta-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
</record>
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