Avian influenza outbreak in Turkey through health personnel's views: a qualitative study
Identifieur interne : 000E08 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000E07; suivant : 000E09Avian influenza outbreak in Turkey through health personnel's views: a qualitative study
Auteurs : Ozlem Sarikaya [Turquie] ; Tugrul ErbaydarSource :
- BMC Public Health [ 1471-2458 ] ; 2007.
Abstract
Avian influenza threatens public health worldwide because it is usually associated with severe illness and, consequently, a higher risk of death. During the first months of 2006, Turkey experienced its first human avian influenza epidemic. A total of 21 human cases were identified, 12 of which were confirmed by the National Institute for Medical Research. Nine of the cases, including the four fatal ones, were from the Dogubeyazit-Van region. This study aims to evaluate the efforts at the avian influenza outbreak control in the Van-Dogubeyazit region in 2006 through the experiences of health personnel.
We conducted in-depth interviews with seventeen key informants who took active roles during the avian influenza outbreak in East Turkey during the first months of 2006. We gathered information about the initial responses, the progress and management of the outbreak control, and the reactions of the health professionals and the public. The findings of the study are reported according to the topics that appeared through thematic analysis of the interview transcripts.
Following the first suspected avian influenza cases, a Van Crisis Coordination Committee was formed as the coordinating and decision-making body and played an important role in the appropriate timing of decisions. The health and agriculture services could not be well coordinated owing to the lack of integrated planning in preparation for outbreak and of integrated surveillance programs. Traditional poultry practice together with the low socio-economic status of the people and the lack of health care access in the region seemed to be a major risk for animal to animal and animal to human transmission. The strengths and weaknesses of the present health system – primary health care services, national surveillance and notification systems, human resource and management – affected the inter organizational coordination during the outbreak. Open communication between the government and the public played an important part in overcoming difficulties.
Although there were problems during the avian influenza outbreak in Turkey, the rapid responses of the central and regional health authorities and the performance of the health workers were the key points in controlling the epidemic. The lessons from this outbreak should provide an opportunity for integrating the preparation plans of the health and agricultural organizations, and for revising the surveillance system and enhancing the role of the primary health care services in controlling epidemic disease. Developing successful strategies based on knowledge and experience may play a valuable role in delaying an avian influenza pandemic.
Url:
DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-7-330
PubMed: 18005404
PubMed Central: 2211309
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<author><name sortKey="Sarikaya, Ozlem" sort="Sarikaya, Ozlem" uniqKey="Sarikaya O" first="Ozlem" last="Sarikaya">Ozlem Sarikaya</name>
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<institution>Department of Medical Education School of Medicine,</institution>
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Istanbul, Turkey</nlm:aff>
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<author><name sortKey="Erbaydar, Tugrul" sort="Erbaydar, Tugrul" uniqKey="Erbaydar T" first="Tugrul" last="Erbaydar">Tugrul Erbaydar</name>
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Istanbul, Turkey</nlm:aff>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title>
<p>Avian influenza threatens public health worldwide because it is usually associated with severe illness and, consequently, a higher risk of death. During the first months of 2006, Turkey experienced its first human avian influenza epidemic. A total of 21 human cases were identified, 12 of which were confirmed by the National Institute for Medical Research. Nine of the cases, including the four fatal ones, were from the Dogubeyazit-Van region. This study aims to evaluate the efforts at the avian influenza outbreak control in the Van-Dogubeyazit region in 2006 through the experiences of health personnel.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Methods</title>
<p>We conducted in-depth interviews with seventeen key informants who took active roles during the avian influenza outbreak in East Turkey during the first months of 2006. We gathered information about the initial responses, the progress and management of the outbreak control, and the reactions of the health professionals and the public. The findings of the study are reported according to the topics that appeared through thematic analysis of the interview transcripts.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Results</title>
<p>Following the first suspected avian influenza cases, a Van Crisis Coordination Committee was formed as the coordinating and decision-making body and played an important role in the appropriate timing of decisions. The health and agriculture services could not be well coordinated owing to the lack of integrated planning in preparation for outbreak and of integrated surveillance programs. Traditional poultry practice together with the low socio-economic status of the people and the lack of health care access in the region seemed to be a major risk for animal to animal and animal to human transmission. The strengths and weaknesses of the present health system – primary health care services, national surveillance and notification systems, human resource and management – affected the inter organizational coordination during the outbreak. Open communication between the government and the public played an important part in overcoming difficulties.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Conclusion</title>
<p>Although there were problems during the avian influenza outbreak in Turkey, the rapid responses of the central and regional health authorities and the performance of the health workers were the key points in controlling the epidemic. The lessons from this outbreak should provide an opportunity for integrating the preparation plans of the health and agricultural organizations, and for revising the surveillance system and enhancing the role of the primary health care services in controlling epidemic disease. Developing successful strategies based on knowledge and experience may play a valuable role in delaying an avian influenza pandemic.</p>
</sec>
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<pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">BMC Public Health</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">BMC Public Health</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>BMC Public Health</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">1471-2458</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>BioMed Central</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>London</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">18005404</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">2211309</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">941</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1186/1471-2458-7-330</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>Avian influenza outbreak in Turkey through health personnel's views: a qualitative study</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Sarikaya</surname>
<given-names>Ozlem</given-names>
</name>
<address><email>osarikaya@gmail.com</email>
</address>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1">1</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Erbaydar</surname>
<given-names>Tugrul</given-names>
</name>
<address><email>erbaydar@ttnet.net.tr</email>
</address>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff2">2</xref>
</contrib>
<aff id="Aff1"><label>1</label>
<institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.16477.33</institution-id>
<institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000000106688422</institution-id>
<institution>Department of Medical Education School of Medicine,</institution>
<institution>University of Marmara,</institution>
</institution-wrap>
Istanbul, Turkey</aff>
<aff id="Aff2"><label>2</label>
<institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.411703.0</institution-id>
<institution>Department of Public Health School of Medicine,</institution>
<institution>University of Yuzuncu Yil, Van,</institution>
</institution-wrap>
Turkey</aff>
</contrib-group>
<pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day>
<month>11</month>
<year>2007</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>15</day>
<month>11</month>
<year>2007</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2007</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>7</volume>
<elocation-id>330</elocation-id>
<history><date date-type="received"><day>16</day>
<month>1</month>
<year>2007</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted"><day>15</day>
<month>11</month>
<year>2007</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions><copyright-statement>© Sarikaya and Erbaydar; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2007</copyright-statement>
<license license-type="OpenAccess"><license-p>This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0</ext-link>
), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<abstract id="Abs1"><sec><title>Background</title>
<p>Avian influenza threatens public health worldwide because it is usually associated with severe illness and, consequently, a higher risk of death. During the first months of 2006, Turkey experienced its first human avian influenza epidemic. A total of 21 human cases were identified, 12 of which were confirmed by the National Institute for Medical Research. Nine of the cases, including the four fatal ones, were from the Dogubeyazit-Van region. This study aims to evaluate the efforts at the avian influenza outbreak control in the Van-Dogubeyazit region in 2006 through the experiences of health personnel.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Methods</title>
<p>We conducted in-depth interviews with seventeen key informants who took active roles during the avian influenza outbreak in East Turkey during the first months of 2006. We gathered information about the initial responses, the progress and management of the outbreak control, and the reactions of the health professionals and the public. The findings of the study are reported according to the topics that appeared through thematic analysis of the interview transcripts.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Results</title>
<p>Following the first suspected avian influenza cases, a Van Crisis Coordination Committee was formed as the coordinating and decision-making body and played an important role in the appropriate timing of decisions. The health and agriculture services could not be well coordinated owing to the lack of integrated planning in preparation for outbreak and of integrated surveillance programs. Traditional poultry practice together with the low socio-economic status of the people and the lack of health care access in the region seemed to be a major risk for animal to animal and animal to human transmission. The strengths and weaknesses of the present health system – primary health care services, national surveillance and notification systems, human resource and management – affected the inter organizational coordination during the outbreak. Open communication between the government and the public played an important part in overcoming difficulties.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Conclusion</title>
<p>Although there were problems during the avian influenza outbreak in Turkey, the rapid responses of the central and regional health authorities and the performance of the health workers were the key points in controlling the epidemic. The lessons from this outbreak should provide an opportunity for integrating the preparation plans of the health and agricultural organizations, and for revising the surveillance system and enhancing the role of the primary health care services in controlling epidemic disease. Developing successful strategies based on knowledge and experience may play a valuable role in delaying an avian influenza pandemic.</p>
</sec>
</abstract>
<kwd-group xml:lang="en"><title>Keywords</title>
<kwd>Influenza</kwd>
<kwd>Health Care Provider</kwd>
<kwd>Avian Influenza</kwd>
<kwd>Health Personnel</kwd>
<kwd>Primary Health Care Center</kwd>
</kwd-group>
<custom-meta-group><custom-meta><meta-name>issue-copyright-statement</meta-name>
<meta-value>© The Author(s) 2007</meta-value>
</custom-meta>
</custom-meta-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
<affiliations><list><country><li>Turquie</li>
</country>
</list>
<tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Erbaydar, Tugrul" sort="Erbaydar, Tugrul" uniqKey="Erbaydar T" first="Tugrul" last="Erbaydar">Tugrul Erbaydar</name>
</noCountry>
<country name="Turquie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Sarikaya, Ozlem" sort="Sarikaya, Ozlem" uniqKey="Sarikaya O" first="Ozlem" last="Sarikaya">Ozlem Sarikaya</name>
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