Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza virus induces weaker host immune responses in vitro: a possible mechanism of high transmissibility
Identifieur interne : 000840 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000839; suivant : 000841Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza virus induces weaker host immune responses in vitro: a possible mechanism of high transmissibility
Auteurs : Sanjay Mukherjee [Inde] ; Veena C. Vipat [Inde] ; Akhilesh C. Mishra [Inde] ; Shailesh D. Pawar [Inde] ; Alok K. Chakrabarti [Inde]Source :
- Virology Journal [ 1743-422X ] ; 2011.
Abstract
The world has recently overcome the first influenza pandemic of the 21st century caused by a novel H1N1 virus (pH1N1) which is a triple reassortant comprising genes derived from avian, human, and swine influenza viruses and antigenically quite different from seasonal H1N1 strains. Although the case fatality rates have decreased in many developed countries, the situation is still alarming in many developing countries including India where considerable numbers of new cases are appearing everyday. There is still a high morbidity and mortality of susceptible adult as well as young population without having underlying health issues due to the influenza infection.
To achieve a better understanding of the risk posed by the pH1N1 and to understand its pathogenicity, we studied the host gene expression response to Indian isolate of pH1N1 infection and compared it with seasonal H1N1 infection. The response was studied at four different time points (4, 8, 16 and 24 h) post infection (hpi) in A549 cells using microarray platform. We found that pH1N1 induces immune response earlier than seasonal H1N1 viruses, but at the later stages of infection there is a suppression of host immune responses. The infection with pH1N1 resulted in considerable decrease in the expression of cytokine and other immune genes namely IL8, STAT1, B2 M and IL4 compared to seasonal H1N1.
We propose that the inability to induce strong innate immune response could be a reason for the high transmissibility, pathogenicity and mortality caused by pH1N1 virus.
Url:
DOI: 10.1186/1743-422X-8-140
PubMed: 21439068
PubMed Central: 3076257
Affiliations:
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: a possible mechanism of high transmissibility</title>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title>
<p>The world has recently overcome the first influenza pandemic of the 21st century caused by a novel H1N1 virus (pH1N1) which is a triple reassortant comprising genes derived from avian, human, and swine influenza viruses and antigenically quite different from seasonal H1N1 strains. Although the case fatality rates have decreased in many developed countries, the situation is still alarming in many developing countries including India where considerable numbers of new cases are appearing everyday. There is still a high morbidity and mortality of susceptible adult as well as young population without having underlying health issues due to the influenza infection.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Results</title>
<p>To achieve a better understanding of the risk posed by the pH1N1 and to understand its pathogenicity, we studied the host gene expression response to Indian isolate of pH1N1 infection and compared it with seasonal H1N1 infection. The response was studied at four different time points (4, 8, 16 and 24 h) post infection (hpi) in A549 cells using microarray platform. We found that pH1N1 induces immune response earlier than seasonal H1N1 viruses, but at the later stages of infection there is a suppression of host immune responses. The infection with pH1N1 resulted in considerable decrease in the expression of cytokine and other immune genes namely IL8, STAT1, B2 M and IL4 compared to seasonal H1N1.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Conclusion</title>
<p>We propose that the inability to induce strong innate immune response could be a reason for the high transmissibility, pathogenicity and mortality caused by pH1N1 virus.</p>
</sec>
</div>
</front>
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<pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Virol J</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>Virology Journal</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">1743-422X</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>BioMed Central</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">21439068</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3076257</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1743-422X-8-140</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1186/1743-422X-8-140</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza virus induces weaker host immune responses <italic>in vitro</italic>
: a possible mechanism of high transmissibility</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" id="A1"><name><surname>Mukherjee</surname>
<given-names>Sanjay</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">1</xref>
<email>sanjay.mukherjee7@gmail.com</email>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" id="A2"><name><surname>Vipat</surname>
<given-names>Veena C</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">1</xref>
<email>vipatvc@rediffmail.com</email>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" id="A3"><name><surname>Mishra</surname>
<given-names>Akhilesh C</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">1</xref>
<email>acm1750@rediffmail.com</email>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" id="A4"><name><surname>Pawar</surname>
<given-names>Shailesh D</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">1</xref>
<email>pawarshailesh@hotmail.com</email>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes" id="A5"><name><surname>Chakrabarti</surname>
<given-names>Alok K</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">1</xref>
<email>aloke8@yahoo.com</email>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="I1"><label>1</label>
Microbial Containment Complex, National Institute of Virology, Sus Road, Pashan, Pune -411021, India</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2011</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day>
<month>3</month>
<year>2011</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>8</volume>
<fpage>140</fpage>
<lpage>140</lpage>
<history><date date-type="received"><day>19</day>
<month>11</month>
<year>2010</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted"><day>25</day>
<month>3</month>
<year>2011</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright ©2011 Mukherjee et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2011</copyright-year>
<copyright-holder>Mukherjee et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.</copyright-holder>
<license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0"><license-p>This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0</ext-link>
), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.virologyj.com/content/8/1/140"></self-uri>
<abstract><sec><title>Background</title>
<p>The world has recently overcome the first influenza pandemic of the 21st century caused by a novel H1N1 virus (pH1N1) which is a triple reassortant comprising genes derived from avian, human, and swine influenza viruses and antigenically quite different from seasonal H1N1 strains. Although the case fatality rates have decreased in many developed countries, the situation is still alarming in many developing countries including India where considerable numbers of new cases are appearing everyday. There is still a high morbidity and mortality of susceptible adult as well as young population without having underlying health issues due to the influenza infection.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Results</title>
<p>To achieve a better understanding of the risk posed by the pH1N1 and to understand its pathogenicity, we studied the host gene expression response to Indian isolate of pH1N1 infection and compared it with seasonal H1N1 infection. The response was studied at four different time points (4, 8, 16 and 24 h) post infection (hpi) in A549 cells using microarray platform. We found that pH1N1 induces immune response earlier than seasonal H1N1 viruses, but at the later stages of infection there is a suppression of host immune responses. The infection with pH1N1 resulted in considerable decrease in the expression of cytokine and other immune genes namely IL8, STAT1, B2 M and IL4 compared to seasonal H1N1.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Conclusion</title>
<p>We propose that the inability to induce strong innate immune response could be a reason for the high transmissibility, pathogenicity and mortality caused by pH1N1 virus.</p>
</sec>
</abstract>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
<affiliations><list><country><li>Inde</li>
</country>
</list>
<tree><country name="Inde"><noRegion><name sortKey="Mukherjee, Sanjay" sort="Mukherjee, Sanjay" uniqKey="Mukherjee S" first="Sanjay" last="Mukherjee">Sanjay Mukherjee</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="Chakrabarti, Alok K" sort="Chakrabarti, Alok K" uniqKey="Chakrabarti A" first="Alok K" last="Chakrabarti">Alok K. Chakrabarti</name>
<name sortKey="Mishra, Akhilesh C" sort="Mishra, Akhilesh C" uniqKey="Mishra A" first="Akhilesh C" last="Mishra">Akhilesh C. Mishra</name>
<name sortKey="Pawar, Shailesh D" sort="Pawar, Shailesh D" uniqKey="Pawar S" first="Shailesh D" last="Pawar">Shailesh D. Pawar</name>
<name sortKey="Vipat, Veena C" sort="Vipat, Veena C" uniqKey="Vipat V" first="Veena C" last="Vipat">Veena C. Vipat</name>
</country>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>
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