Serveur d'exploration sur les pandémies grippales

Attention, ce site est en cours de développement !
Attention, site généré par des moyens informatiques à partir de corpus bruts.
Les informations ne sont donc pas validées.

How has the flu virus infected the Web? 2010 influenza and vaccine information available on the Internet

Identifieur interne : 000594 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000593; suivant : 000595

How has the flu virus infected the Web? 2010 influenza and vaccine information available on the Internet

Auteurs : Loredana Covolo [Italie] ; Silvia Mascaretti [Italie] ; Anna Caruana [Italie] ; Grazia Orizio [Italie] ; Luigi Caimi [Italie] ; Umberto Gelatti [Italie]

Source :

RBID : PMC:3608255

Abstract

Background

The 2009–10 influenza pandemic was a major public health concern. Vaccination was recommended by the health authorities, but compliance was not optimal and perception of the presumed associated risks was high among the public. The Internet is increasingly being used as a source of health information and advice. The aim of the study was to investigate the characteristics of websites providing information about flu vaccine and the quality of the information provided.

Methods

Website selection was performed in autumn 2010 by entering eight keywords in two of the most commonly used search engines (Google.com and Yahoo.com). The first three result pages were analysed for each search, giving a total of 480 occurrences. Page rank was evaluated to assess visibility. Websites based on Web 2.0 philosophy, websites merely displaying popular news/articles and single files were excluded from the subsequent analysis. We analysed the selected websites (using WHO criteria) as well as the information provided, using a codebook for pro/neutral websites and a qualitative approach for the adverse ones.

Results

Of the 89 websites selected, 54 dealt with seasonal vaccination, three with anti-H1N1 vaccination and 32 with both. Rank analysis showed that only classic websites (ones not falling in any other category) and one social network were provided on the first pages by Yahoo; 21 classic websites, six displaying popular news/articles and one blog by Google. Analysis of the selected websites revealed that the majority of them (88.8%) had a positive/neutral attitude to flu vaccination. Pro/neutral websites distinguished themselves from the adverse ones by some revealing features like greater transparency, credibility and privacy protection.

Conclusions

We found that the majority of the websites providing information on flu vaccination were pro/neutral and gave sufficient information. We suggest that antivaccinationist information may have been spread by a different route, such as via Web 2.0 tools, which may be more prone to the dissemination of “viral” information. The page ranking analysis revealed the crucial role of search engines regarding access to information on the Internet.


Url:
DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-83
PubMed: 23360311
PubMed Central: 3608255


Affiliations:


Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)


Links to Exploration step

PMC:3608255

Le document en format XML

<record>
<TEI>
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title xml:lang="en">How has the flu virus infected the Web? 2010 influenza and vaccine information available on the Internet</title>
<author>
<name sortKey="Covolo, Loredana" sort="Covolo, Loredana" uniqKey="Covolo L" first="Loredana" last="Covolo">Loredana Covolo</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="I1">Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123, Brescia, Italy</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123, Brescia</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Brescia</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mascaretti, Silvia" sort="Mascaretti, Silvia" uniqKey="Mascaretti S" first="Silvia" last="Mascaretti">Silvia Mascaretti</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="I2">Post-graduate School of Public Health - University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123, Brescia, Italy</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Post-graduate School of Public Health - University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123, Brescia</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Brescia</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Caruana, Anna" sort="Caruana, Anna" uniqKey="Caruana A" first="Anna" last="Caruana">Anna Caruana</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="I2">Post-graduate School of Public Health - University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123, Brescia, Italy</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Post-graduate School of Public Health - University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123, Brescia</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Brescia</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Orizio, Grazia" sort="Orizio, Grazia" uniqKey="Orizio G" first="Grazia" last="Orizio">Grazia Orizio</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="I3">Department of Medical Prevention - Brescia Local Health Authority, Viale Duca degli Abruzzi 15, 25124, Brescia, Italy</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Prevention - Brescia Local Health Authority, Viale Duca degli Abruzzi 15, 25124, Brescia</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Brescia</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Caimi, Luigi" sort="Caimi, Luigi" uniqKey="Caimi L" first="Luigi" last="Caimi">Luigi Caimi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="I4">“Quality and Technology Assessment, Governance and Communication Strategies in Health Systems”, Study and Research Centre - University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123, Brescia, Italy</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>“Quality and Technology Assessment, Governance and Communication Strategies in Health Systems”, Study and Research Centre - University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123, Brescia</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Brescia</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Gelatti, Umberto" sort="Gelatti, Umberto" uniqKey="Gelatti U" first="Umberto" last="Gelatti">Umberto Gelatti</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="I1">Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123, Brescia, Italy</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123, Brescia</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Brescia</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt>
<idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno>
<idno type="pmid">23360311</idno>
<idno type="pmc">3608255</idno>
<idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3608255</idno>
<idno type="RBID">PMC:3608255</idno>
<idno type="doi">10.1186/1471-2458-13-83</idno>
<date when="2013">2013</date>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000615</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000615</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000615</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000615</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000594</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000594</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">How has the flu virus infected the Web? 2010 influenza and vaccine information available on the Internet</title>
<author>
<name sortKey="Covolo, Loredana" sort="Covolo, Loredana" uniqKey="Covolo L" first="Loredana" last="Covolo">Loredana Covolo</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="I1">Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123, Brescia, Italy</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123, Brescia</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Brescia</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mascaretti, Silvia" sort="Mascaretti, Silvia" uniqKey="Mascaretti S" first="Silvia" last="Mascaretti">Silvia Mascaretti</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="I2">Post-graduate School of Public Health - University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123, Brescia, Italy</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Post-graduate School of Public Health - University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123, Brescia</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Brescia</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Caruana, Anna" sort="Caruana, Anna" uniqKey="Caruana A" first="Anna" last="Caruana">Anna Caruana</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="I2">Post-graduate School of Public Health - University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123, Brescia, Italy</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Post-graduate School of Public Health - University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123, Brescia</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Brescia</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Orizio, Grazia" sort="Orizio, Grazia" uniqKey="Orizio G" first="Grazia" last="Orizio">Grazia Orizio</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="I3">Department of Medical Prevention - Brescia Local Health Authority, Viale Duca degli Abruzzi 15, 25124, Brescia, Italy</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical Prevention - Brescia Local Health Authority, Viale Duca degli Abruzzi 15, 25124, Brescia</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Brescia</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Caimi, Luigi" sort="Caimi, Luigi" uniqKey="Caimi L" first="Luigi" last="Caimi">Luigi Caimi</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="I4">“Quality and Technology Assessment, Governance and Communication Strategies in Health Systems”, Study and Research Centre - University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123, Brescia, Italy</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>“Quality and Technology Assessment, Governance and Communication Strategies in Health Systems”, Study and Research Centre - University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123, Brescia</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Brescia</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Gelatti, Umberto" sort="Gelatti, Umberto" uniqKey="Gelatti U" first="Umberto" last="Gelatti">Umberto Gelatti</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1">
<nlm:aff id="I1">Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123, Brescia, Italy</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123, Brescia</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Brescia</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series>
<title level="j">BMC Public Health</title>
<idno type="eISSN">1471-2458</idno>
<imprint>
<date when="2013">2013</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc>
<textClass></textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">
<sec>
<title>Background</title>
<p>The 2009–10 influenza pandemic was a major public health concern. Vaccination was recommended by the health authorities, but compliance was not optimal and perception of the presumed associated risks was high among the public. The Internet is increasingly being used as a source of health information and advice. The aim of the study was to investigate the characteristics of websites providing information about flu vaccine and the quality of the information provided.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<title>Methods</title>
<p>Website selection was performed in autumn 2010 by entering eight keywords in two of the most commonly used search engines (Google.com and Yahoo.com). The first three result pages were analysed for each search, giving a total of 480 occurrences. Page rank was evaluated to assess visibility. Websites based on Web 2.0 philosophy, websites merely displaying popular news/articles and single files were excluded from the subsequent analysis. We analysed the selected websites (using WHO criteria) as well as the information provided, using a codebook for pro/neutral websites and a qualitative approach for the adverse ones.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<title>Results</title>
<p>Of the 89 websites selected, 54 dealt with seasonal vaccination, three with anti-H1N1 vaccination and 32 with both. Rank analysis showed that only classic websites (ones not falling in any other category) and one social network were provided on the first pages by Yahoo; 21 classic websites, six displaying popular news/articles and one blog by Google. Analysis of the selected websites revealed that the majority of them (88.8%) had a positive/neutral attitude to flu vaccination. Pro/neutral websites distinguished themselves from the adverse ones by some revealing features like greater transparency, credibility and privacy protection.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<title>Conclusions</title>
<p>We found that the majority of the websites providing information on flu vaccination were pro/neutral and gave sufficient information. We suggest that antivaccinationist information may have been spread by a different route, such as via Web 2.0 tools, which may be more prone to the dissemination of “viral” information. The page ranking analysis revealed the crucial role of search engines regarding access to information on the Internet.</p>
</sec>
</div>
</front>
<back>
<div1 type="bibliography">
<listBibl>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Godlee, F" uniqKey="Godlee F">F Godlee</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Davies, P" uniqKey="Davies P">P Davies</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Chapman, S" uniqKey="Chapman S">S Chapman</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Leask, J" uniqKey="Leask J">J Leask</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Wolfe, R" uniqKey="Wolfe R">R Wolfe</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Sharp, L" uniqKey="Sharp L">L Sharp</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Betsch, C" uniqKey="Betsch C">C Betsch</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Renkewitz, F" uniqKey="Renkewitz F">F Renkewitz</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Betsch, T" uniqKey="Betsch T">T Betsch</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ulshofer, C" uniqKey="Ulshofer C">C Ulshöfer</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Wolfe, R" uniqKey="Wolfe R">R Wolfe</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Sharp, L" uniqKey="Sharp L">L Sharp</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Lipsky, M" uniqKey="Lipsky M">M Lipsky</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Zimmerman, Rk" uniqKey="Zimmerman R">RK Zimmerman</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Wolfe, Rm" uniqKey="Wolfe R">RM Wolfe</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Fox, De" uniqKey="Fox D">DE Fox</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Fox, Jr" uniqKey="Fox J">JR Fox</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Nowalk, Mp" uniqKey="Nowalk M">MP Nowalk</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Kata, A" uniqKey="Kata A">A Kata</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mayer, Ma" uniqKey="Mayer M">MA Mayer</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Leis, A" uniqKey="Leis A">A Leis</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Sanz, F" uniqKey="Sanz F">F Sanz</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Keelan, J" uniqKey="Keelan J">J Keelan</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Pavri Garcia, V" uniqKey="Pavri Garcia V">V Pavri-Garcia</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Tomlinson, G" uniqKey="Tomlinson G">G Tomlinson</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Wilson, K" uniqKey="Wilson K">K Wilson</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Pandey, A" uniqKey="Pandey A">A Pandey</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Patni, N" uniqKey="Patni N">N Patni</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Singh, M" uniqKey="Singh M">M Singh</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Sood, A" uniqKey="Sood A">A Sood</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Singh, G" uniqKey="Singh G">G Singh</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Betsch, C" uniqKey="Betsch C">C Betsch</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Chew, C" uniqKey="Chew C">C Chew</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Eysenbach, G" uniqKey="Eysenbach G">G Eysenbach</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Gesualdo, F" uniqKey="Gesualdo F">F Gesualdo</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Romano, M" uniqKey="Romano M">M Romano</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Pandolfi, E" uniqKey="Pandolfi E">E Pandolfi</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Rizzo, C" uniqKey="Rizzo C">C Rizzo</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Rava, L" uniqKey="Rava L">L Ravà</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Bish, A" uniqKey="Bish A">A Bish</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Yardley, L" uniqKey="Yardley L">L Yardley</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Nicoll, A" uniqKey="Nicoll A">A Nicoll</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Michie, S" uniqKey="Michie S">S Michie</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Tozzi, Ae" uniqKey="Tozzi A">AE Tozzi</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Buonuomo, Ps" uniqKey="Buonuomo P">PS Buonuomo</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Atti Ml, Cd" uniqKey="Atti Ml C">Cd Atti ML</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Carloni, E" uniqKey="Carloni E">E Carloni</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Meloni, M" uniqKey="Meloni M">M Meloni</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Riffle, D" uniqKey="Riffle D">D Riffle</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Lacy, S" uniqKey="Lacy S">S Lacy</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Fico, Fg" uniqKey="Fico F">FG Fico</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Fitzsimons, Gj" uniqKey="Fitzsimons G">GJ Fitzsimons</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hutchinson, Jw" uniqKey="Hutchinson J">JW Hutchinson</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Williams, P" uniqKey="Williams P">P Williams</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Betsch, C" uniqKey="Betsch C">C Betsch</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ulshofer, C" uniqKey="Ulshofer C">C Ulshöfer</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Renkewitz, F" uniqKey="Renkewitz F">F Renkewitz</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Betsch, T" uniqKey="Betsch T">T Betsch</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<author>
<name sortKey="Spink, A" uniqKey="Spink A">A Spink</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Wolfram, D" uniqKey="Wolfram D">D Wolfram</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Jansen, Mbj" uniqKey="Jansen M">MBJ Jansen</name>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Saracevi, T" uniqKey="Saracevi T">T Saracevi</name>
</author>
</analytic>
</biblStruct>
</listBibl>
</div1>
</back>
</TEI>
<pmc article-type="research-article" xml:lang="en">
<pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">BMC Public Health</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">BMC Public Health</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>BMC Public Health</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">1471-2458</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>BioMed Central</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmid">23360311</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3608255</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1471-2458-13-83</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1186/1471-2458-13-83</article-id>
<article-categories>
<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
<subject>Research Article</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group>
<article-title>How has the flu virus infected the Web? 2010 influenza and vaccine information available on the Internet</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author" id="A1">
<name>
<surname>Covolo</surname>
<given-names>Loredana</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">1</xref>
<email>covolo@med.unibs.it</email>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" id="A2">
<name>
<surname>Mascaretti</surname>
<given-names>Silvia</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I2">2</xref>
<email>smascaretti@gmail.com</email>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" id="A3">
<name>
<surname>Caruana</surname>
<given-names>Anna</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I2">2</xref>
<email>anna.caruana@med.unibs.it</email>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" id="A4">
<name>
<surname>Orizio</surname>
<given-names>Grazia</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I3">3</xref>
<email>grazia.orizio@aslbrescia.it</email>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" id="A5">
<name>
<surname>Caimi</surname>
<given-names>Luigi</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I4">4</xref>
<email>caimi@med.unibs.it</email>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes" id="A6">
<name>
<surname>Gelatti</surname>
<given-names>Umberto</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="I1">1</xref>
<email>gelatti@med.unibs.it</email>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="I1">
<label>1</label>
Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123, Brescia, Italy</aff>
<aff id="I2">
<label>2</label>
Post-graduate School of Public Health - University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123, Brescia, Italy</aff>
<aff id="I3">
<label>3</label>
Department of Medical Prevention - Brescia Local Health Authority, Viale Duca degli Abruzzi 15, 25124, Brescia, Italy</aff>
<aff id="I4">
<label>4</label>
“Quality and Technology Assessment, Governance and Communication Strategies in Health Systems”, Study and Research Centre - University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123, Brescia, Italy</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="collection">
<year>2013</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>29</day>
<month>1</month>
<year>2013</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>13</volume>
<fpage>83</fpage>
<lpage>83</lpage>
<history>
<date date-type="received">
<day>20</day>
<month>3</month>
<year>2012</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted">
<day>25</day>
<month>1</month>
<year>2013</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright ©2013 Covolo et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2013</copyright-year>
<copyright-holder>Covolo et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.</copyright-holder>
<license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0">
<license-p>This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (
<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0</ext-link>
), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/13/83"></self-uri>
<abstract>
<sec>
<title>Background</title>
<p>The 2009–10 influenza pandemic was a major public health concern. Vaccination was recommended by the health authorities, but compliance was not optimal and perception of the presumed associated risks was high among the public. The Internet is increasingly being used as a source of health information and advice. The aim of the study was to investigate the characteristics of websites providing information about flu vaccine and the quality of the information provided.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<title>Methods</title>
<p>Website selection was performed in autumn 2010 by entering eight keywords in two of the most commonly used search engines (Google.com and Yahoo.com). The first three result pages were analysed for each search, giving a total of 480 occurrences. Page rank was evaluated to assess visibility. Websites based on Web 2.0 philosophy, websites merely displaying popular news/articles and single files were excluded from the subsequent analysis. We analysed the selected websites (using WHO criteria) as well as the information provided, using a codebook for pro/neutral websites and a qualitative approach for the adverse ones.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<title>Results</title>
<p>Of the 89 websites selected, 54 dealt with seasonal vaccination, three with anti-H1N1 vaccination and 32 with both. Rank analysis showed that only classic websites (ones not falling in any other category) and one social network were provided on the first pages by Yahoo; 21 classic websites, six displaying popular news/articles and one blog by Google. Analysis of the selected websites revealed that the majority of them (88.8%) had a positive/neutral attitude to flu vaccination. Pro/neutral websites distinguished themselves from the adverse ones by some revealing features like greater transparency, credibility and privacy protection.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<title>Conclusions</title>
<p>We found that the majority of the websites providing information on flu vaccination were pro/neutral and gave sufficient information. We suggest that antivaccinationist information may have been spread by a different route, such as via Web 2.0 tools, which may be more prone to the dissemination of “viral” information. The page ranking analysis revealed the crucial role of search engines regarding access to information on the Internet.</p>
</sec>
</abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd>Internet</kwd>
<kwd>Influenza vaccine</kwd>
<kwd>Public health</kwd>
<kwd>Information</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
<affiliations>
<list>
<country>
<li>Italie</li>
</country>
</list>
<tree>
<country name="Italie">
<noRegion>
<name sortKey="Covolo, Loredana" sort="Covolo, Loredana" uniqKey="Covolo L" first="Loredana" last="Covolo">Loredana Covolo</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="Caimi, Luigi" sort="Caimi, Luigi" uniqKey="Caimi L" first="Luigi" last="Caimi">Luigi Caimi</name>
<name sortKey="Caruana, Anna" sort="Caruana, Anna" uniqKey="Caruana A" first="Anna" last="Caruana">Anna Caruana</name>
<name sortKey="Gelatti, Umberto" sort="Gelatti, Umberto" uniqKey="Gelatti U" first="Umberto" last="Gelatti">Umberto Gelatti</name>
<name sortKey="Mascaretti, Silvia" sort="Mascaretti, Silvia" uniqKey="Mascaretti S" first="Silvia" last="Mascaretti">Silvia Mascaretti</name>
<name sortKey="Orizio, Grazia" sort="Orizio, Grazia" uniqKey="Orizio G" first="Grazia" last="Orizio">Grazia Orizio</name>
</country>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>

Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)

EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Sante/explor/PandemieGrippaleV1/Data/Pmc/Checkpoint
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 000594 | SxmlIndent | more

Ou

HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Pmc/Checkpoint/biblio.hfd -nk 000594 | SxmlIndent | more

Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri

{{Explor lien
   |wiki=    Sante
   |area=    PandemieGrippaleV1
   |flux=    Pmc
   |étape=   Checkpoint
   |type=    RBID
   |clé=     PMC:3608255
   |texte=   How has the flu virus infected the Web? 2010 influenza and vaccine information available on the Internet
}}

Pour générer des pages wiki

HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Pmc/Checkpoint/RBID.i   -Sk "pubmed:23360311" \
       | HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Pmc/Checkpoint/biblio.hfd   \
       | NlmPubMed2Wicri -a PandemieGrippaleV1 

Wicri

This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.34.
Data generation: Wed Jun 10 11:04:28 2020. Site generation: Sun Mar 28 09:10:28 2021