The Lethal Spanish Influenza Pandemic in Poland
Identifieur interne : 000193 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000192; suivant : 000194The Lethal Spanish Influenza Pandemic in Poland
Auteurs : Marek L. Grabowski [Pologne] ; Bo Ena Kosi Ska [Pologne] ; J Zef P. Knap [Pologne] ; Lidia B. Brydak [Pologne]Source :
- Medical Science Monitor : International Medical Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research [ 1234-1010 ] ; 2017.
Abstract
The Spanish influenza pandemic in the years 1918–1920 was the largest and most tragic pandemic of infectious disease in human history. Deciphering the structure of the virus (including the determination of complete genome sequence) of this pandemic and the phylogenetic analysis and explanation of its virulence became possible thanks to molecular genetic analysis of the virus isolated from the fixed and frozen lung tissue of influenza victims who died in 1918 and were buried frozen in Alaska and Spitsbergen. Epidemiological data from the course of this pandemic in Poland have not been previously published.
For analysis, we used source materials such as clinical studies and case reports of doctors fighting against the pandemic and registries of influenza cases in units of the Polish Army and military hospitals.
Clinically, the pandemic of 1918 was characterized by the same symptoms and course as influenza in other years. Pathologically, the disease was similar to the other pandemic, in that the destruction was mostly limited to the respiratory tract.
The “Spanish” influenza pandemic of 1918–1920 took place in Poland in 3 epidemic waves. The peaks of morbidity and mortality occurred in the capital, Warsaw, in December 1918 and in December 1919 to January 1920. It is estimated that throughout the pandemic period of 1918–1920 in Poland, 200 000 to 300 000 people died.
Url:
DOI: 10.12659/MSM.906280
PubMed: 29021518
PubMed Central: 5649514
Affiliations:
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">The Lethal Spanish Influenza Pandemic in Poland</title>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>The Spanish influenza pandemic in the years 1918–1920 was the largest and most tragic pandemic of infectious disease in human history. Deciphering the structure of the virus (including the determination of complete genome sequence) of this pandemic and the phylogenetic analysis and explanation of its virulence became possible thanks to molecular genetic analysis of the virus isolated from the fixed and frozen lung tissue of influenza victims who died in 1918 and were buried frozen in Alaska and Spitsbergen. Epidemiological data from the course of this pandemic in Poland have not been previously published.</p>
<p>For analysis, we used source materials such as clinical studies and case reports of doctors fighting against the pandemic and registries of influenza cases in units of the Polish Army and military hospitals.</p>
<p>Clinically, the pandemic of 1918 was characterized by the same symptoms and course as influenza in other years. Pathologically, the disease was similar to the other pandemic, in that the destruction was mostly limited to the respiratory tract.</p>
<p>The “Spanish” influenza pandemic of 1918–1920 took place in Poland in 3 epidemic waves. The peaks of morbidity and mortality occurred in the capital, Warsaw, in December 1918 and in December 1919 to January 1920. It is estimated that throughout the pandemic period of 1918–1920 in Poland, 200 000 to 300 000 people died.</p>
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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Med Sci Monit</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Med. Sci. Monit</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Medical Science Monitor</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>Medical Science Monitor : International Medical Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">1234-1010</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">1643-3750</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>International Scientific Literature, Inc.</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">29021518</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">5649514</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.12659/MSM.906280</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">906280</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Special Reports</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>The Lethal Spanish Influenza Pandemic in Poland</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Grabowski</surname>
<given-names>Marek L.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1-medscimonit-23-4880">1</xref>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="fn1-medscimonit-23-4880">A</xref>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="fn2-medscimonit-23-4880">B</xref>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="fn4-medscimonit-23-4880">D</xref>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="fn6-medscimonit-23-4880">F</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kosińska</surname>
<given-names>Bożena</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="af2-medscimonit-23-4880">2</xref>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="fn3-medscimonit-23-4880">C</xref>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="fn5-medscimonit-23-4880">E</xref>
<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1-medscimonit-23-4880"></xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Knap</surname>
<given-names>Józef P.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="af3-medscimonit-23-4880">3</xref>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="fn6-medscimonit-23-4880">F</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Brydak</surname>
<given-names>Lidia B.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="af4-medscimonit-23-4880">4</xref>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="fn4-medscimonit-23-4880">D</xref>
<xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="fn6-medscimonit-23-4880">F</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="af1-medscimonit-23-4880"><label>1</label>
Department of Nursing, University of Management in Częstochowa, Częstochowa, Poland</aff>
<aff id="af2-medscimonit-23-4880"><label>2</label>
Polish Nursing Development Foundation, Warsaw, Poland</aff>
<aff id="af3-medscimonit-23-4880"><label>3</label>
Department of Epidemiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland</aff>
<aff id="af4-medscimonit-23-4880"><label>4</label>
Department of Influenza Research, National Influenza Center, National Institute of Health – National Institute of Hygiene, Warsaw, Poland</aff>
<author-notes><corresp id="c1-medscimonit-23-4880">Corresponding Author: Bożena Kosińska, e-mail: <email>bozko@vp.pl</email>
</corresp>
<fn id="fn1-medscimonit-23-4880"><label>A</label>
<p>Study Design</p>
</fn>
<fn id="fn2-medscimonit-23-4880"><label>B</label>
<p>Data Collection</p>
</fn>
<fn id="fn3-medscimonit-23-4880"><label>C</label>
<p>Statistical Analysis</p>
</fn>
<fn id="fn4-medscimonit-23-4880"><label>D</label>
<p>Data Interpretation</p>
</fn>
<fn id="fn5-medscimonit-23-4880"><label>E</label>
<p>Manuscript Preparation</p>
</fn>
<fn id="fn6-medscimonit-23-4880"><label>F</label>
<p>Literature Search</p>
</fn>
<fn id="fn7-medscimonit-23-4880"><label>G</label>
<p>Funds Collection</p>
</fn>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>23</volume>
<fpage>4880</fpage>
<lpage>4884</lpage>
<history><date date-type="received"><day>19</day>
<month>7</month>
<year>2017</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted"><day>04</day>
<month>9</month>
<year>2017</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions><copyright-statement>© Med Sci Monit, 2017</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2017</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access"><license-p>This work is licensed under Creative Common Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/">CC BY-NC-ND 4.0</ext-link>
)</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<abstract><p>The Spanish influenza pandemic in the years 1918–1920 was the largest and most tragic pandemic of infectious disease in human history. Deciphering the structure of the virus (including the determination of complete genome sequence) of this pandemic and the phylogenetic analysis and explanation of its virulence became possible thanks to molecular genetic analysis of the virus isolated from the fixed and frozen lung tissue of influenza victims who died in 1918 and were buried frozen in Alaska and Spitsbergen. Epidemiological data from the course of this pandemic in Poland have not been previously published.</p>
<p>For analysis, we used source materials such as clinical studies and case reports of doctors fighting against the pandemic and registries of influenza cases in units of the Polish Army and military hospitals.</p>
<p>Clinically, the pandemic of 1918 was characterized by the same symptoms and course as influenza in other years. Pathologically, the disease was similar to the other pandemic, in that the destruction was mostly limited to the respiratory tract.</p>
<p>The “Spanish” influenza pandemic of 1918–1920 took place in Poland in 3 epidemic waves. The peaks of morbidity and mortality occurred in the capital, Warsaw, in December 1918 and in December 1919 to January 1920. It is estimated that throughout the pandemic period of 1918–1920 in Poland, 200 000 to 300 000 people died.</p>
</abstract>
<kwd-group><title>MeSH Keywords</title>
<kwd>Epidemiological Monitoring</kwd>
<kwd>Influenza Pandemic, 1918–1919</kwd>
<kwd>Poland</kwd>
<kwd>Public Health</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
<floats-group><fig id="f1-medscimonit-23-4880" position="float"><label>Figure 1</label>
<caption><p>Warsaw: Deaths from influenza in 1918, 1919, and 1920.</p>
</caption>
<graphic xlink:href="medscimonit-23-4880-g001"></graphic>
</fig>
</floats-group>
</pmc>
<affiliations><list><country><li>Pologne</li>
</country>
</list>
<tree><country name="Pologne"><noRegion><name sortKey="Grabowski, Marek L" sort="Grabowski, Marek L" uniqKey="Grabowski M" first="Marek L." last="Grabowski">Marek L. Grabowski</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="Brydak, Lidia B" sort="Brydak, Lidia B" uniqKey="Brydak L" first="Lidia B." last="Brydak">Lidia B. Brydak</name>
<name sortKey="Knap, J Zef P" sort="Knap, J Zef P" uniqKey="Knap J" first="J Zef P." last="Knap">J Zef P. Knap</name>
<name sortKey="Kosi Ska, Bo Ena" sort="Kosi Ska, Bo Ena" uniqKey="Kosi Ska B" first="Bo Ena" last="Kosi Ska">Bo Ena Kosi Ska</name>
</country>
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