The Critical Interspecies Transmission Barrier at the Animal–Human Interface
Identifieur interne : 000038 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000037; suivant : 000039The Critical Interspecies Transmission Barrier at the Animal–Human Interface
Auteurs : Kanta SubbaraoSource :
- Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease [ 2414-6366 ] ; 2019.
Abstract
Influenza A viruses (IAVs) infect humans and a wide range of animal species in nature, and waterfowl and shorebirds are their reservoir hosts. Of the 18 haemagglutinin (HA) and 11 neuraminidase (NA) subtypes of IAV, 16 HA and 9 NA subtypes infect aquatic birds. However, among the diverse pool of IAVs in nature, only a limited number of animal IAVs cross the species barrier to infect humans and a small subset of those have spread efficiently from person to person to cause an influenza pandemic. The ability to infect a different species, replicate in the new host and transmit are three distinct steps in this process. Viral and host factors that are critical determinants of the ability of an avian IAV to infect and spread in humans are discussed.
Url:
DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed4020072
PubMed: 31027299
PubMed Central: 6630566
Affiliations:
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PMC:6630566Le document en format XML
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Influenza A viruses (IAVs) infect humans and a wide range of animal species in nature, and waterfowl and shorebirds are their reservoir hosts. Of the 18 haemagglutinin (HA) and 11 neuraminidase (NA) subtypes of IAV, 16 HA and 9 NA subtypes infect aquatic birds. However, among the diverse pool of IAVs in nature, only a limited number of animal IAVs cross the species barrier to infect humans and a small subset of those have spread efficiently from person to person to cause an influenza pandemic. The ability to infect a different species, replicate in the new host and transmit are three distinct steps in this process. Viral and host factors that are critical determinants of the ability of an avian IAV to infect and spread in humans are discussed.</p>
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<pmc article-type="review-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Trop Med Infect Dis</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Trop Med Infect Dis</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">tropicalmed</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">2414-6366</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>MDPI</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">31027299</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">6630566</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3390/tropicalmed4020072</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">tropicalmed-04-00072</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Review</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>The Critical Interspecies Transmission Barrier at the Animal–Human Interface</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid" authenticated="true">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1713-3056</contrib-id>
<name><surname>Subbarao</surname>
<given-names>Kanta</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="af1-tropicalmed-04-00072">WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, 792 Elizabeth Street, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia;<email>kanta.subbarao@influenzacentre.org</email>
; Tel.: +03-9342-9310</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day>
<month>4</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="collection"><month>6</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>4</volume>
<issue>2</issue>
<elocation-id>72</elocation-id>
<history><date date-type="received"><day>18</day>
<month>3</month>
<year>2019</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted"><day>23</day>
<month>4</month>
<year>2019</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions><copyright-statement>© 2019 by the author.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2019</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access"><license-p>Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link>
).</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<abstract><p>Influenza A viruses (IAVs) infect humans and a wide range of animal species in nature, and waterfowl and shorebirds are their reservoir hosts. Of the 18 haemagglutinin (HA) and 11 neuraminidase (NA) subtypes of IAV, 16 HA and 9 NA subtypes infect aquatic birds. However, among the diverse pool of IAVs in nature, only a limited number of animal IAVs cross the species barrier to infect humans and a small subset of those have spread efficiently from person to person to cause an influenza pandemic. The ability to infect a different species, replicate in the new host and transmit are three distinct steps in this process. Viral and host factors that are critical determinants of the ability of an avian IAV to infect and spread in humans are discussed.</p>
</abstract>
<kwd-group><kwd>influenza</kwd>
<kwd>species barrier</kwd>
<kwd>cross-species infection</kwd>
<kwd>zoonoses</kwd>
<kwd>animal–human interface</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
<affiliations><list></list>
<tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Subbarao, Kanta" sort="Subbarao, Kanta" uniqKey="Subbarao K" first="Kanta" last="Subbarao">Kanta Subbarao</name>
</noCountry>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>
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