PandemieGrippaleV1, PascalFrancis, Checkpoint, bibRecord, 000019

Stability of neuraminidase in inactivated influenza vaccines

Identifieur interne : 000019 ( PascalFrancis/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000018; suivant : 000020

Stability of neuraminidase in inactivated influenza vaccines

Auteurs : Ishrat Sultana [États-Unis] ; Kevin Yang [États-Unis] ; Melkamu Getie-Kebtie [États-Unis] ; Laura Couzens [États-Unis] ; Lewis Markoff [États-Unis] ; Michail Alterman [États-Unis] ; Maryna C. Eichelberger [États-Unis]

Source :

Vaccine [ 0264-410X ] ; 2014.

RBID : Pascal:14-0110720

Descripteurs français

Pascal (Inist)
- Exo-α-sialidase, Souche inactivée, Vaccin, Immunogénicité, Grippe.
Wicri :
- topic : Vaccin.

English descriptors

KwdEn :
- Exo-α-sialidase, Immunogenicity, Inactivated strain, Influenza, Vaccine.

Abstract

Influenza vaccines are effective in protecting against illness and death caused by this seasonal pathogen. Antibodies that block the function of either hemagglutinin (HA) or neuraminidase (NA) contribute to vaccine efficacy, however vaccine potency is based only on HA content. NA protein content in vaccines varies from season to season due to differences in the relative amounts of HA and NA in influenza A, H1N1 and H3N2, and influenza B viruses that are selected for each manufacturing campaign. This, as well as potential inherent differences in NA immunogenicity, may result in varying responses from year to year. Moreover, the antigenic stability of NA is likely to dictate whether similar antibody responses will be obtained to this antigen throughout the shelf-life of the vaccine. To address this factor, we subjected NAs of influenza A (subtypes N1 and N2) and B viruses to denaturing conditions to evaluate the stability of enzyme activity. Each NA type/subtype had unique sensitivity to denaturing conditions. The N2 enzyme activity was more thermostable than that of N1 or influenza B, while the NA activity of influenza B was most resistant to detergent. N1 enzyme activity was most resistant of the three NAs to freeze-thaw cycling. In these experiments, enzyme activity was indicative of the immunogenicity of NA, but was strain-dependent, with greater neuraminidase inhibiting (NI) antibody titers elicited following immunization with the 2009 H1N1 pandemic virus A/California/7/2009, than the previously circulating seasonal HI Nl strain, A/Brisbane/59/2007. Robust NI antibody titers against both N1 and N2 components were induced following vaccination of mice with a trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine. When stored under recommended conditions, the NA of both N1 and N2 subtypes remained immunogenic well after the vaccine expiry date.

Affiliations:

Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)

to stream PascalFrancis, to step Corpus: 000118
to stream PascalFrancis, to step Curation: 001D01

Links to Exploration step

Pascal:14-0110720

Le document en format XML

<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en" level="a">Stability of neuraminidase in inactivated influenza vaccines</title>
<author><name sortKey="Sultana, Ishrat" sort="Sultana, Ishrat" uniqKey="Sultana I" first="Ishrat" last="Sultana">Ishrat Sultana</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Division of Viral Products, Office of Vaccine Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration</s1>
<s2>Bethesda, MD</s2>
<s3>USA</s3>
<sZ>1 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>2 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>4 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>5 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>7 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>États-Unis</country>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Yang, Kevin" sort="Yang, Kevin" uniqKey="Yang K" first="Kevin" last="Yang">Kevin Yang</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Division of Viral Products, Office of Vaccine Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration</s1>
<s2>Bethesda, MD</s2>
<s3>USA</s3>
<sZ>1 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>2 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>4 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>5 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>7 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>États-Unis</country>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Getie Kebtie, Melkamu" sort="Getie Kebtie, Melkamu" uniqKey="Getie Kebtie M" first="Melkamu" last="Getie-Kebtie">Melkamu Getie-Kebtie</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Office of Cell, Tissue and Gene Therapy, Center for Biologies Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration</s1>
<s2>Bethesda, MD</s2>
<s3>USA</s3>
<sZ>3 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>6 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>États-Unis</country>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Couzens, Laura" sort="Couzens, Laura" uniqKey="Couzens L" first="Laura" last="Couzens">Laura Couzens</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Division of Viral Products, Office of Vaccine Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration</s1>
<s2>Bethesda, MD</s2>
<s3>USA</s3>
<sZ>1 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>2 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>4 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>5 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>7 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>États-Unis</country>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Markoff, Lewis" sort="Markoff, Lewis" uniqKey="Markoff L" first="Lewis" last="Markoff">Lewis Markoff</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Division of Viral Products, Office of Vaccine Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration</s1>
<s2>Bethesda, MD</s2>
<s3>USA</s3>
<sZ>1 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>2 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>4 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>5 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>7 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>États-Unis</country>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Alterman, Michail" sort="Alterman, Michail" uniqKey="Alterman M" first="Michail" last="Alterman">Michail Alterman</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Office of Cell, Tissue and Gene Therapy, Center for Biologies Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration</s1>
<s2>Bethesda, MD</s2>
<s3>USA</s3>
<sZ>3 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>6 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>États-Unis</country>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Eichelberger, Maryna C" sort="Eichelberger, Maryna C" uniqKey="Eichelberger M" first="Maryna C." last="Eichelberger">Maryna C. Eichelberger</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Division of Viral Products, Office of Vaccine Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration</s1>
<s2>Bethesda, MD</s2>
<s3>USA</s3>
<sZ>1 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>2 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>4 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>5 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>7 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>États-Unis</country>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">INIST</idno>
<idno type="inist">14-0110720</idno>
<date when="2014">2014</date>
<idno type="stanalyst">PASCAL 14-0110720 INIST</idno>
<idno type="RBID">Pascal:14-0110720</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Corpus">000118</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Curation">001D01</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Checkpoint">000019</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PascalFrancis" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000019</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a">Stability of neuraminidase in inactivated influenza vaccines</title>
<author><name sortKey="Sultana, Ishrat" sort="Sultana, Ishrat" uniqKey="Sultana I" first="Ishrat" last="Sultana">Ishrat Sultana</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Division of Viral Products, Office of Vaccine Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration</s1>
<s2>Bethesda, MD</s2>
<s3>USA</s3>
<sZ>1 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>2 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>4 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>5 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>7 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>États-Unis</country>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Yang, Kevin" sort="Yang, Kevin" uniqKey="Yang K" first="Kevin" last="Yang">Kevin Yang</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Division of Viral Products, Office of Vaccine Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration</s1>
<s2>Bethesda, MD</s2>
<s3>USA</s3>
<sZ>1 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>2 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>4 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>5 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>7 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>États-Unis</country>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Getie Kebtie, Melkamu" sort="Getie Kebtie, Melkamu" uniqKey="Getie Kebtie M" first="Melkamu" last="Getie-Kebtie">Melkamu Getie-Kebtie</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Office of Cell, Tissue and Gene Therapy, Center for Biologies Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration</s1>
<s2>Bethesda, MD</s2>
<s3>USA</s3>
<sZ>3 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>6 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>États-Unis</country>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Couzens, Laura" sort="Couzens, Laura" uniqKey="Couzens L" first="Laura" last="Couzens">Laura Couzens</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Division of Viral Products, Office of Vaccine Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration</s1>
<s2>Bethesda, MD</s2>
<s3>USA</s3>
<sZ>1 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>2 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>4 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>5 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>7 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>États-Unis</country>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Markoff, Lewis" sort="Markoff, Lewis" uniqKey="Markoff L" first="Lewis" last="Markoff">Lewis Markoff</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Division of Viral Products, Office of Vaccine Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration</s1>
<s2>Bethesda, MD</s2>
<s3>USA</s3>
<sZ>1 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>2 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>4 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>5 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>7 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>États-Unis</country>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Alterman, Michail" sort="Alterman, Michail" uniqKey="Alterman M" first="Michail" last="Alterman">Michail Alterman</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Office of Cell, Tissue and Gene Therapy, Center for Biologies Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration</s1>
<s2>Bethesda, MD</s2>
<s3>USA</s3>
<sZ>3 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>6 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>États-Unis</country>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Eichelberger, Maryna C" sort="Eichelberger, Maryna C" uniqKey="Eichelberger M" first="Maryna C." last="Eichelberger">Maryna C. Eichelberger</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Division of Viral Products, Office of Vaccine Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration</s1>
<s2>Bethesda, MD</s2>
<s3>USA</s3>
<sZ>1 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>2 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>4 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>5 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>7 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>États-Unis</country>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j" type="main">Vaccine</title>
<title level="j" type="abbreviated">Vaccine</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0264-410X</idno>
<imprint><date when="2014">2014</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
<seriesStmt><title level="j" type="main">Vaccine</title>
<title level="j" type="abbreviated">Vaccine</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0264-410X</idno>
</seriesStmt>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Exo-α-sialidase</term>
<term>Immunogenicity</term>
<term>Inactivated strain</term>
<term>Influenza</term>
<term>Vaccine</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr"><term>Exo-α-sialidase</term>
<term>Souche inactivée</term>
<term>Vaccin</term>
<term>Immunogénicité</term>
<term>Grippe</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="Wicri" type="topic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Vaccin</term>
</keywords>
</textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Influenza vaccines are effective in protecting against illness and death caused by this seasonal pathogen. Antibodies that block the function of either hemagglutinin (HA) or neuraminidase (NA) contribute to vaccine efficacy, however vaccine potency is based only on HA content. NA protein content in vaccines varies from season to season due to differences in the relative amounts of HA and NA in influenza A, H1N1 and H3N2, and influenza B viruses that are selected for each manufacturing campaign. This, as well as potential inherent differences in NA immunogenicity, may result in varying responses from year to year. Moreover, the antigenic stability of NA is likely to dictate whether similar antibody responses will be obtained to this antigen throughout the shelf-life of the vaccine. To address this factor, we subjected NAs of influenza A (subtypes N1 and N2) and B viruses to denaturing conditions to evaluate the stability of enzyme activity. Each NA type/subtype had unique sensitivity to denaturing conditions. The N2 enzyme activity was more thermostable than that of N1 or influenza B, while the NA activity of influenza B was most resistant to detergent. N1 enzyme activity was most resistant of the three NAs to freeze-thaw cycling. In these experiments, enzyme activity was indicative of the immunogenicity of NA, but was strain-dependent, with greater neuraminidase inhibiting (NI) antibody titers elicited following immunization with the 2009 H1N1 pandemic virus A/California/7/2009, than the previously circulating seasonal HI Nl strain, A/Brisbane/59/2007. Robust NI antibody titers against both N1 and N2 components were induced following vaccination of mice with a trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine. When stored under recommended conditions, the NA of both N1 and N2 subtypes remained immunogenic well after the vaccine expiry date.</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<inist><standard h6="B"><pA><fA01 i1="01" i2="1"><s0>0264-410X</s0>
</fA01>
<fA02 i1="01"><s0>VACCDE</s0>
</fA02>
<fA03 i2="1"><s0>Vaccine</s0>
</fA03>
<fA05><s2>32</s2>
</fA05>
<fA06><s2>19</s2>
</fA06>
<fA08 i1="01" i2="1" l="ENG"><s1>Stability of neuraminidase in inactivated influenza vaccines</s1>
</fA08>
<fA11 i1="01" i2="1"><s1>SULTANA (Ishrat)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA11 i1="02" i2="1"><s1>YANG (Kevin)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA11 i1="03" i2="1"><s1>GETIE-KEBTIE (Melkamu)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA11 i1="04" i2="1"><s1>COUZENS (Laura)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA11 i1="05" i2="1"><s1>MARKOFF (Lewis)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA11 i1="06" i2="1"><s1>ALTERMAN (Michail)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA11 i1="07" i2="1"><s1>EICHELBERGER (Maryna C.)</s1>
</fA11>
<fA14 i1="01"><s1>Division of Viral Products, Office of Vaccine Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration</s1>
<s2>Bethesda, MD</s2>
<s3>USA</s3>
<sZ>1 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>2 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>4 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>5 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>7 aut.</sZ>
</fA14>
<fA14 i1="02"><s1>Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Office of Cell, Tissue and Gene Therapy, Center for Biologies Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration</s1>
<s2>Bethesda, MD</s2>
<s3>USA</s3>
<sZ>3 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>6 aut.</sZ>
</fA14>
<fA20><s1>2225-2230</s1>
</fA20>
<fA21><s1>2014</s1>
</fA21>
<fA23 i1="01"><s0>ENG</s0>
</fA23>
<fA43 i1="01"><s1>INIST</s1>
<s2>20289</s2>
<s5>354000503209940140</s5>
</fA43>
<fA44><s0>0000</s0>
<s1>© 2014 INIST-CNRS. All rights reserved.</s1>
</fA44>
<fA45><s0>19 ref.</s0>
</fA45>
<fA47 i1="01" i2="1"><s0>14-0110720</s0>
</fA47>
<fA60><s1>P</s1>
</fA60>
<fA61><s0>A</s0>
</fA61>
<fA64 i1="01" i2="1"><s0>Vaccine</s0>
</fA64>
<fA66 i1="01"><s0>GBR</s0>
</fA66>
<fC01 i1="01" l="ENG"><s0>Influenza vaccines are effective in protecting against illness and death caused by this seasonal pathogen. Antibodies that block the function of either hemagglutinin (HA) or neuraminidase (NA) contribute to vaccine efficacy, however vaccine potency is based only on HA content. NA protein content in vaccines varies from season to season due to differences in the relative amounts of HA and NA in influenza A, H1N1 and H3N2, and influenza B viruses that are selected for each manufacturing campaign. This, as well as potential inherent differences in NA immunogenicity, may result in varying responses from year to year. Moreover, the antigenic stability of NA is likely to dictate whether similar antibody responses will be obtained to this antigen throughout the shelf-life of the vaccine. To address this factor, we subjected NAs of influenza A (subtypes N1 and N2) and B viruses to denaturing conditions to evaluate the stability of enzyme activity. Each NA type/subtype had unique sensitivity to denaturing conditions. The N2 enzyme activity was more thermostable than that of N1 or influenza B, while the NA activity of influenza B was most resistant to detergent. N1 enzyme activity was most resistant of the three NAs to freeze-thaw cycling. In these experiments, enzyme activity was indicative of the immunogenicity of NA, but was strain-dependent, with greater neuraminidase inhibiting (NI) antibody titers elicited following immunization with the 2009 H1N1 pandemic virus A/California/7/2009, than the previously circulating seasonal HI Nl strain, A/Brisbane/59/2007. Robust NI antibody titers against both N1 and N2 components were induced following vaccination of mice with a trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine. When stored under recommended conditions, the NA of both N1 and N2 subtypes remained immunogenic well after the vaccine expiry date.</s0>
</fC01>
<fC02 i1="01" i2="X"><s0>002A05F04</s0>
</fC02>
<fC03 i1="01" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Exo-α-sialidase</s0>
<s2>FE</s2>
<s5>05</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="01" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Exo-α-sialidase</s0>
<s2>FE</s2>
<s5>05</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="01" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Exo-α-sialidase</s0>
<s2>FE</s2>
<s5>05</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="02" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Souche inactivée</s0>
<s5>06</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="02" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Inactivated strain</s0>
<s5>06</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="02" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Cepa inactivada</s0>
<s5>06</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="03" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Vaccin</s0>
<s5>07</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="03" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Vaccine</s0>
<s5>07</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="03" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Vacuna</s0>
<s5>07</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="04" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Immunogénicité</s0>
<s5>08</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="04" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Immunogenicity</s0>
<s5>08</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="04" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Inmunogenicidad</s0>
<s5>08</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="05" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Grippe</s0>
<s5>14</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="05" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Influenza</s0>
<s5>14</s5>
</fC03>
<fC03 i1="05" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Gripe</s0>
<s5>14</s5>
</fC03>
<fC07 i1="01" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Glycosidases</s0>
<s2>FE</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="01" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Glycosidases</s0>
<s2>FE</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="01" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Glycosidases</s0>
<s2>FE</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="02" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Glycosylases</s0>
<s2>FE</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="02" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Glycosylases</s0>
<s2>FE</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="02" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Glycosylases</s0>
<s2>FE</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="03" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Hydrolases</s0>
<s2>FE</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="03" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Hydrolases</s0>
<s2>FE</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="03" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Hydrolases</s0>
<s2>FE</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="04" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Enzyme</s0>
<s2>FE</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="04" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Enzyme</s0>
<s2>FE</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="04" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Enzima</s0>
<s2>FE</s2>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="05" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Virose</s0>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="05" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Viral disease</s0>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="05" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Virosis</s0>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="06" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Infection</s0>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="06" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Infection</s0>
</fC07>
<fC07 i1="06" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Infección</s0>
</fC07>
<fN21><s1>146</s1>
</fN21>
<fN44 i1="01"><s1>OTO</s1>
</fN44>
<fN82><s1>OTO</s1>
</fN82>
</pA>
</standard>
</inist>
<affiliations><list><country><li>États-Unis</li>
</country>
<region><li>Maryland</li>
</region>
</list>
<tree><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Maryland"><name sortKey="Sultana, Ishrat" sort="Sultana, Ishrat" uniqKey="Sultana I" first="Ishrat" last="Sultana">Ishrat Sultana</name>
</region>
<name sortKey="Alterman, Michail" sort="Alterman, Michail" uniqKey="Alterman M" first="Michail" last="Alterman">Michail Alterman</name>
<name sortKey="Couzens, Laura" sort="Couzens, Laura" uniqKey="Couzens L" first="Laura" last="Couzens">Laura Couzens</name>
<name sortKey="Eichelberger, Maryna C" sort="Eichelberger, Maryna C" uniqKey="Eichelberger M" first="Maryna C." last="Eichelberger">Maryna C. Eichelberger</name>
<name sortKey="Getie Kebtie, Melkamu" sort="Getie Kebtie, Melkamu" uniqKey="Getie Kebtie M" first="Melkamu" last="Getie-Kebtie">Melkamu Getie-Kebtie</name>
<name sortKey="Markoff, Lewis" sort="Markoff, Lewis" uniqKey="Markoff L" first="Lewis" last="Markoff">Lewis Markoff</name>
<name sortKey="Yang, Kevin" sort="Yang, Kevin" uniqKey="Yang K" first="Kevin" last="Yang">Kevin Yang</name>
</country>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>

Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)

EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Sante/explor/PandemieGrippaleV1/Data/PascalFrancis/Checkpoint

HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 000019 | SxmlIndent | more

HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/PascalFrancis/Checkpoint/biblio.hfd -nk 000019 | SxmlIndent | more

Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri

{{Explor lien
   |wiki=    Sante
   |area=    PandemieGrippaleV1
   |flux=    PascalFrancis
   |étape=   Checkpoint
   |type=    RBID
   |clé=     Pascal:14-0110720
   |texte=   Stability of neuraminidase in inactivated influenza vaccines
}}

This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.34.
Data generation: Wed Jun 10 11:04:28 2020. Site generation: Sun Mar 28 09:10:28 2021

	Serveur d'exploration sur les pandémies grippales
	Attention, ce site est en cours de développement ! Attention, site généré par des moyens informatiques à partir de corpus bruts. Les informations ne sont donc pas validées.

Serveur d'exploration sur les pandémies grippales

Stability of neuraminidase in inactivated influenza vaccines

Stability of neuraminidase in inactivated influenza vaccines

Source :

Descripteurs français

English descriptors

Abstract

Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)

Links to Exploration step

Le document en format XML

Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)

Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri