The Bioterrorism Threat and Dual-use Biotechnological Research: An Israeli Perspective
Identifieur interne : 001817 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001816; suivant : 001818The Bioterrorism Threat and Dual-use Biotechnological Research: An Israeli Perspective
Auteurs : David Friedman ; Bracha Rager-Zisman ; Eitan Bibi ; Alex KeynanSource :
- Science and Engineering Ethics [ 1353-3452 ] ; 2010.
Abstract
Abstract: Israel has a long history of concern with chemical and biological threats, since several hostile states in the Middle East are likely to possess such weapons. The Twin-Tower terrorist attacks and Anthrax envelope scares of 2001 were a watershed for public perceptions of the threat of unconventional terror in general and of biological terror in particular. New advances in biotechnology will only increase the ability of terrorists to exploit the burgeoning availability of related information to develop ever-more destructive bioweapons. Many areas of modern biological research are unavoidably dual-use by nature. They thus have a great potential for both help and harm; and facilitating the former while preventing the latter remains a serious challenge to researchers and governments alike. This article addresses how Israel might best (1) prevent hostile elements from obtaining, from Israel’s biological research system, materials, information and technologies that might facilitate their carrying out a biological attack, while (2) continuing to promote academic openness, excellence and other hallmarks of that system. This important and sensitive issue was assessed by a special national committee, and their recommendations are presented and discussed. One particularly innovative element is the restructuring and use of Israel’s extensive biosafety system to also address biosecurity goals, with minimal disruption or delay.
Url:
DOI: 10.1007/s11948-008-9075-4
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ISTEX:1D6D5D4BDFE7814AB7955344767815468D2F1EC0Le document en format XML
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The Twin-Tower terrorist attacks and Anthrax envelope scares of 2001 were a watershed for public perceptions of the threat of unconventional terror in general and of biological terror in particular. New advances in biotechnology will only increase the ability of terrorists to exploit the burgeoning availability of related information to develop ever-more destructive bioweapons. Many areas of modern biological research are unavoidably dual-use by nature. They thus have a great potential for both help and harm; and facilitating the former while preventing the latter remains a serious challenge to researchers and governments alike. This article addresses how Israel might best (1) prevent hostile elements from obtaining, from Israel’s biological research system, materials, information and technologies that might facilitate their carrying out a biological attack, while (2) continuing to promote academic openness, excellence and other hallmarks of that system. This important and sensitive issue was assessed by a special national committee, and their recommendations are presented and discussed. One particularly innovative element is the restructuring and use of Israel’s extensive biosafety system to also address biosecurity goals, with minimal disruption or delay.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>springer-journals</corpusName><author><json:item><name>David Friedman</name><affiliations><json:string>Institute for National Security Studies, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel</json:string><json:string>E-mail: dudufr@hotmail.com</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Bracha Rager-Zisman</name><affiliations><json:string>Shraga-Segal Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University, Beer Sheva, Israel</json:string><json:string>E-mail: rager@netvision.net.il</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Eitan Bibi</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Biological Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel</json:string><json:string>E-mail: e.bibi@weizmann.ac.il</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Alex Keynan</name><affiliations><json:string>Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, Jerusalem, Israel</json:string><json:string>E-mail: keynan@academy.ac.il</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Biosecurity</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Bioterror</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Dual-use</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Biosafety</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Academic freedom/responsibility</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Recommendations</value></json:item></subject><articleId><json:string>9075</json:string><json:string>s11948-008-9075-4</json:string></articleId><arkIstex>ark:/67375/VQC-KPRCXP74-H</arkIstex><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>OriginalPaper</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>Abstract: Israel has a long history of concern with chemical and biological threats, since several hostile states in the Middle East are likely to possess such weapons. 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The Twin-Tower terrorist attacks and Anthrax envelope scares of 2001 were a watershed for public perceptions of the threat of unconventional terror in general and of biological terror in particular. New advances in biotechnology will only increase the ability of terrorists to exploit the burgeoning availability of related information to develop ever-more destructive bioweapons. Many areas of modern biological research are unavoidably dual-use by nature. They thus have a great potential for both help and harm; and facilitating the former while preventing the latter remains a serious challenge to researchers and governments alike. This article addresses how Israel might best (1) prevent hostile elements from obtaining, from Israel’s biological research system, materials, information and technologies that might facilitate their carrying out a biological attack, while (2) continuing to promote academic openness, excellence and other hallmarks of that system. This important and sensitive issue was assessed by a special national committee, and their recommendations are presented and discussed. One particularly innovative element is the restructuring and use of Israel’s extensive biosafety system to also address biosecurity goals, with minimal disruption or delay.</Para></Abstract><KeywordGroup Language="En" OutputMedium="All"><Heading>Keywords</Heading><Keyword>Biosecurity</Keyword><Keyword>Bioterror</Keyword><Keyword>Dual-use</Keyword><Keyword>Biosafety</Keyword><Keyword>Academic freedom/responsibility</Keyword><Keyword>Recommendations</Keyword></KeywordGroup><ArticleNote Type="Misc"><SimplePara>In November 2005, a special Steering Committee on Biotechnological Research in an Age of Terrorism (Prof. Alex Keynan, Chairman) was established jointly by the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities and the Israel National Security Council to address the problem of biosecurity and biological research. The committee’s report “Biotechnological Research in an Age of Terrorism” is currently under internal and external review. This paper is based on that report and its recommendations. It is also based on a related paper presented at a conference on The Advancement of Science and the Dilemma of Dual Use, recently hosted by the Polish Academy of Sciences (Warsaw, Poland, 09–10 November 2007).</SimplePara></ArticleNote></ArticleHeader><NoBody></NoBody></Article></Issue></Volume></Journal></Publisher></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>The Bioterrorism Threat and Dual-use Biotechnological Research: An Israeli Perspective</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA"><title>The Bioterrorism Threat and Dual-use Biotechnological Research: An Israeli Perspective</title></titleInfo><name type="personal" displayLabel="corresp"><namePart type="given">David</namePart><namePart type="family">Friedman</namePart><affiliation>Institute for National Security Studies, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: dudufr@hotmail.com</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Bracha</namePart><namePart type="family">Rager-Zisman</namePart><affiliation>Shraga-Segal Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University, Beer Sheva, Israel</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: rager@netvision.net.il</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Eitan</namePart><namePart type="family">Bibi</namePart><affiliation>Department of Biological Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: e.bibi@weizmann.ac.il</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Alex</namePart><namePart type="family">Keynan</namePart><affiliation>Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, Jerusalem, Israel</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: keynan@academy.ac.il</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="research-article" displayLabel="OriginalPaper" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-1JC4F85T-7">research-article</genre><originInfo><publisher>Springer Netherlands</publisher><place><placeTerm type="text">Dordrecht</placeTerm></place><dateCreated encoding="w3cdtf">2007-11-04</dateCreated><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2010-03-01</dateIssued><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2008</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><abstract lang="en">Abstract: Israel has a long history of concern with chemical and biological threats, since several hostile states in the Middle East are likely to possess such weapons. The Twin-Tower terrorist attacks and Anthrax envelope scares of 2001 were a watershed for public perceptions of the threat of unconventional terror in general and of biological terror in particular. New advances in biotechnology will only increase the ability of terrorists to exploit the burgeoning availability of related information to develop ever-more destructive bioweapons. Many areas of modern biological research are unavoidably dual-use by nature. They thus have a great potential for both help and harm; and facilitating the former while preventing the latter remains a serious challenge to researchers and governments alike. This article addresses how Israel might best (1) prevent hostile elements from obtaining, from Israel’s biological research system, materials, information and technologies that might facilitate their carrying out a biological attack, while (2) continuing to promote academic openness, excellence and other hallmarks of that system. This important and sensitive issue was assessed by a special national committee, and their recommendations are presented and discussed. One particularly innovative element is the restructuring and use of Israel’s extensive biosafety system to also address biosecurity goals, with minimal disruption or delay.</abstract><note>Original Paper</note><subject lang="en"><genre>Keywords</genre><topic>Biosecurity</topic><topic>Bioterror</topic><topic>Dual-use</topic><topic>Biosafety</topic><topic>Academic freedom/responsibility</topic><topic>Recommendations</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Science and Engineering Ethics</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>Sci Eng Ethics</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/JMC-0GLKJH51-B">journal</genre><originInfo><publisher>Springer</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2010</dateIssued><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2010</copyrightDate></originInfo><subject><genre>Philosophy</genre><topic>Philosophy</topic><topic>Medicine/Public Health, general</topic><topic>Biomedical Engineering</topic><topic>Engineering, general</topic><topic>Philosophy of Science</topic><topic>Ethics</topic></subject><identifier type="ISSN">1353-3452</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1471-5546</identifier><identifier type="JournalID">11948</identifier><identifier type="IssueArticleCount">18</identifier><identifier type="VolumeIssueCount">4</identifier><part><date>2010</date><detail type="issue"><title>Special Issue Section: The Advancement of Science and the Dilemma of Dual Use / Special Section Editors: Andrzej Górski and Raymond E. Spier</title></detail><detail type="volume"><number>16</number><caption>vol.</caption></detail><detail type="issue"><number>1</number><caption>no.</caption></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>85</start><end>97</end></extent></part><recordInfo><recordOrigin>Springer Science+Business Media B.V., 2010</recordOrigin></recordInfo></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">1D6D5D4BDFE7814AB7955344767815468D2F1EC0</identifier><identifier type="ark">ark:/67375/VQC-KPRCXP74-H</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1007/s11948-008-9075-4</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">9075</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">s11948-008-9075-4</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">Springer Science+Business Media B.V., 2008</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://loaded-corpus.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://loaded-corpus.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XBH-3XSW68JL-F">springer</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>Converted from (version 1.2.14) to MODS version 3.6.</recordOrigin><recordCreationDate encoding="w3cdtf">2020-05-28</recordCreationDate></recordInfo></mods><json:item><extension>json</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/json</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/VQC-KPRCXP74-H/record.json</uri></json:item></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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