The Origin and Evolutionary History of HIV-1 Subtype C in Senegal
Identifieur interne : 000594 ( Hal/Curation ); précédent : 000593; suivant : 000595The Origin and Evolutionary History of HIV-1 Subtype C in Senegal
Auteurs : Matthieu Jung [France] ; Nafissatou Leye [Sénégal] ; Nicole Vidal [France] ; Denis Fargette [France] ; Halimatou Diop [Sénégal] ; Coumba Toure Kane [Sénégal] ; Olivier Gascuel [France] ; Martine Peeters [France]Source :
- PLoS ONE [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2012-03-28.
Abstract
Background: The classification of HIV-1 strains in subtypes and Circulating Recombinant Forms (CRFs) has helped in tracking the course of the HIV pandemic. In Senegal, which is located at the tip of West Africa, CRF02_AG predominates in the general population and Female Sex Workers (FSWs). In contrast, 40% of Men having Sex with Men (MSM) in Senegal are infected with subtype C. In this study we analyzed the geographical origins and introduction dates of HIV-1 C in Senegal in order to better understand the evolutionary history of this subtype, which predominates today in the MSM population Methodology/Principal Findings: We used a combination of phylogenetic analyses and a Bayesian coalescent-based approach, to study the phylogenetic relationships in pol of 56 subtype C isolates from Senegal with 3025 subtype C strains that were sampled worldwide. Our analysis shows a significantly well supported cluster which contains all subtype C strains that circulate among MSM in Senegal. The MSM cluster and other strains from Senegal are widely dispersed among the different subclusters of African HIV-1 C strains, suggesting multiple introductions of subtype C in Senegal from many different southern and east African countries. More detailed analyses show that HIV-1 C strains from MSM, are more closely related to those from southern Africa. The estimated date of the MRCA of subtype C in the MSM population in Senegal is estimated to be in the early 80's. Conclusions/Significance: Our evolutionary reconstructions suggest that multiple subtype C viruses with a common ancestor originating in the early 1970s entered Senegal. There was only one efficient spread in the MSM population, which most likely resulted from a single introduction, underlining the importance of high risk behavior in spread of viruses.
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DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0033579
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<idno type="DOI">10.1371/journal.pone.0033579</idno>
<series><title level="j">PLoS ONE</title>
<idno type="ISSN">1932-6203</idno>
<imprint><date type="datePub">2012-03-28</date>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"> <p>Background: The classification of HIV-1 strains in subtypes and Circulating Recombinant Forms (CRFs) has helped in tracking the course of the HIV pandemic. In Senegal, which is located at the tip of West Africa, CRF02_AG predominates in the general population and Female Sex Workers (FSWs). In contrast, 40% of Men having Sex with Men (MSM) in Senegal are infected with subtype C. In this study we analyzed the geographical origins and introduction dates of HIV-1 C in Senegal in order to better understand the evolutionary history of this subtype, which predominates today in the MSM population Methodology/Principal Findings: We used a combination of phylogenetic analyses and a Bayesian coalescent-based approach, to study the phylogenetic relationships in pol of 56 subtype C isolates from Senegal with 3025 subtype C strains that were sampled worldwide. Our analysis shows a significantly well supported cluster which contains all subtype C strains that circulate among MSM in Senegal. The MSM cluster and other strains from Senegal are widely dispersed among the different subclusters of African HIV-1 C strains, suggesting multiple introductions of subtype C in Senegal from many different southern and east African countries. More detailed analyses show that HIV-1 C strains from MSM, are more closely related to those from southern Africa. The estimated date of the MRCA of subtype C in the MSM population in Senegal is estimated to be in the early 80's. Conclusions/Significance: Our evolutionary reconstructions suggest that multiple subtype C viruses with a common ancestor originating in the early 1970s entered Senegal. There was only one efficient spread in the MSM population, which most likely resulted from a single introduction, underlining the importance of high risk behavior in spread of viruses.</p>
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<hal api="V3"> <titleStmt> <title xml:lang="en">The Origin and Evolutionary History of HIV-1 Subtype C in Senegal</title>
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<idno type="halRefHtml">PLoS ONE, Public Library of Science, 2012, 7 (3), pp.e33579. ⟨10.1371/journal.pone.0033579⟩</idno>
<idno type="halRef">PLoS ONE, Public Library of Science, 2012, 7 (3), pp.e33579. ⟨10.1371/journal.pone.0033579⟩</idno>
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<idno type="stamp" n="LIRMM" corresp="CNRS">Laboratoire d'Informatique de Robotique et de Microélectronique de Montpellier</idno>
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<idno type="stamp" n="UNIV-MONTPELLIER">Université de Montpellier</idno>
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<sourceDesc> <biblStruct> <analytic> <title xml:lang="en">The Origin and Evolutionary History of HIV-1 Subtype C in Senegal</title>
<author role="aut"> <persName> <forename type="first">Matthieu</forename>
<surname>Jung</surname>
</persName>
<email type="md5">736f0ba2da73f3ad71a12bf9f63d7854</email>
<email type="domain">lirmm.fr</email>
<idno type="halauthorid">832322</idno>
<affiliation ref="#struct-388224"></affiliation>
<affiliation ref="#struct-160874"></affiliation>
</author>
<author role="aut"> <persName> <forename type="first">Nafissatou</forename>
<surname>Leye</surname>
</persName>
<idno type="halauthorid">742410</idno>
<affiliation ref="#struct-157658"></affiliation>
<affiliation ref="#struct-160874"></affiliation>
</author>
<author role="aut"> <persName> <forename type="first">Nicole</forename>
<surname>Vidal</surname>
</persName>
<idno type="halauthorid">742411</idno>
<affiliation ref="#struct-160874"></affiliation>
</author>
<author role="aut"> <persName> <forename type="first">Denis</forename>
<surname>Fargette</surname>
</persName>
<idno type="halauthorid">204130</idno>
<affiliation ref="#struct-31880"></affiliation>
</author>
<author role="aut"> <persName> <forename type="first">Halimatou</forename>
<surname>Diop</surname>
</persName>
<idno type="halauthorid">615694</idno>
<affiliation ref="#struct-157658"></affiliation>
</author>
<author role="aut"> <persName> <forename type="first">Coumba</forename>
<surname>Toure Kane</surname>
</persName>
<idno type="halauthorid">742412</idno>
<affiliation ref="#struct-157658"></affiliation>
</author>
<author role="crp"> <persName> <forename type="first">Olivier</forename>
<surname>Gascuel</surname>
</persName>
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<email type="domain">lirmm.fr</email>
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<idno type="halauthorid">831163</idno>
<affiliation ref="#struct-388224"></affiliation>
</author>
<author role="crp"> <persName> <forename type="first">Martine</forename>
<surname>Peeters</surname>
</persName>
<email type="md5">849201f8da1b8f88b806dd995ecd8037</email>
<email type="domain">ird.fr</email>
<idno type="halauthorid">615759</idno>
<affiliation ref="#struct-160874"></affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<monogr> <idno type="halJournalId" status="VALID">28700</idno>
<idno type="issn">1932-6203</idno>
<idno type="eissn">1932-6203</idno>
<title level="j">PLoS ONE</title>
<imprint> <publisher>Public Library of Science</publisher>
<biblScope unit="volume">7</biblScope>
<biblScope unit="issue">3</biblScope>
<biblScope unit="pp">e33579</biblScope>
<date type="datePub">2012-03-28</date>
</imprint>
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<idno type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0033579</idno>
<ref type="publisher">http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0033579</ref>
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<classCode scheme="halDomain" n="sdv.spee">Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie</classCode>
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<abstract xml:lang="en"> <p>Background: The classification of HIV-1 strains in subtypes and Circulating Recombinant Forms (CRFs) has helped in tracking the course of the HIV pandemic. In Senegal, which is located at the tip of West Africa, CRF02_AG predominates in the general population and Female Sex Workers (FSWs). In contrast, 40% of Men having Sex with Men (MSM) in Senegal are infected with subtype C. In this study we analyzed the geographical origins and introduction dates of HIV-1 C in Senegal in order to better understand the evolutionary history of this subtype, which predominates today in the MSM population Methodology/Principal Findings: We used a combination of phylogenetic analyses and a Bayesian coalescent-based approach, to study the phylogenetic relationships in pol of 56 subtype C isolates from Senegal with 3025 subtype C strains that were sampled worldwide. Our analysis shows a significantly well supported cluster which contains all subtype C strains that circulate among MSM in Senegal. The MSM cluster and other strains from Senegal are widely dispersed among the different subclusters of African HIV-1 C strains, suggesting multiple introductions of subtype C in Senegal from many different southern and east African countries. More detailed analyses show that HIV-1 C strains from MSM, are more closely related to those from southern Africa. The estimated date of the MRCA of subtype C in the MSM population in Senegal is estimated to be in the early 80's. Conclusions/Significance: Our evolutionary reconstructions suggest that multiple subtype C viruses with a common ancestor originating in the early 1970s entered Senegal. There was only one efficient spread in the MSM population, which most likely resulted from a single introduction, underlining the importance of high risk behavior in spread of viruses.</p>
</abstract>
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