Mistrust regarding vaccination is becoming a plague noted at the international level and targeted by the WHO. In order to combat this situation, States are mobilizing and adopting restrictive or incentive measures aimed at achieving the restoration of sufficient vaccination coverage. Vaccination is a medical intervention aimed at preserving individual but also collective health. The prevention and treatment of hesitancy or reluctance to vaccination requires addressing the causes and in particular the misinformation or false information. Fake news, the dissemination of which is greatly aggravated by the internet and social networks, represent the major subjects to be dealt with.The analysis and treatment of disinformation leads to recommending the joint use of strong restrictive measures in order to stem crises, more flexible and incentive measures, based on soft law, recommendations, incentives from the various health actors. Healthcare professionals, in direct and close contact with the patient, are the pillars in executing this policy of boosting clear, understandable information. Restoring confidence in the population is a priority, which requires training and information. Health education, and public health issues, is fundamental with a view to protecting society at the international level.However, the effectiveness of preventive measures remains to be optimized, and in particular the question arises of the adoption of strict measures aimed at punishing behaviors that would harm public health and safety. These measures, framing individual freedoms, are appreciated differently by the States, but could be mandatory in the event of a pandemic.