Osteoarchaeological Studies of Human Systemic Stress of Early Urbanization in Late Shang at Anyang, China.
Identifieur interne : 000039 ( PubMed/Corpus ); précédent : 000038; suivant : 000040Osteoarchaeological Studies of Human Systemic Stress of Early Urbanization in Late Shang at Anyang, China.
Auteurs : Hua Zhang ; Deborah C. Merrett ; Zhichun Jing ; Jigen Tang ; Yuling He ; Hongbin Yue ; Zhanwei Yue ; Dongya Y. YangSource :
- PloS one [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2016.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adolescent, Adult, Burial (history), Child, Child, Preschool, China, Dental Enamel Hypoplasia (history), Female, History, Medieval, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Middle Aged, Nutrition Disorders (history), Osteitis (history), Paleopathology, Periostitis (history), Sex Factors, Social Class, Stress, Physiological, Urbanization, Young Adult.
- MESH :
- geographic : China.
- history : Burial, Dental Enamel Hypoplasia, Nutrition Disorders, Osteitis, Periostitis.
- Adolescent, Adult, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, History, Medieval, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Middle Aged, Paleopathology, Sex Factors, Social Class, Stress, Physiological, Urbanization, Young Adult.
Abstract
Through the analysis of human skeletal remains and mortuary practice in Yinxu, this study investigates the impact of early urbanization on the commoners during the Late Shang dynasty (ca. 1250-1046 B.C.). A total of 347 individuals examined in this study represent non-elites who were recovered from two different burial contexts (formally buried in lineage cemeteries and randomly scattered in refuse pits). Frequencies of enamel hypoplasia (childhood stress), cribra orbitalia (childhood stress and frailty) and osteoperiostitis (adult stress) were examined to assess systemic stress exposure. Our results reveal that there was no significant difference in the frequency of enamel hypoplasia between two burial groups and between sexes, suggesting these urban commoners experienced similar stresses during childhood, but significantly elevated levels of cribra orbitalia and osteoperiostitis were observed in the refuse pit female cohort. Theoretically, urbanization would have resulted in increased population density in the urban centre, declining sanitary conditions, and increased risk of resource shortage. Biologically, children would be more vulnerable to such physiological disturbance; as a result, high percentages of enamel hypoplasia (80.9% overall) and cribra orbitalia (30.3% overall) are observed in Yin commoners. Adults continued to suffer from stress, resulting in high frequencies of osteoperiostitis (40.0% total adults); in particular, in the refuse pit females who may also reflect a compound impact of gender inequality. Our data show that the non-elite urban population in the capital city of Late Shang Dynasty had experienced extensive stress exposure due to early urbanization with further social stratification only worsening the situation, and eventually contributing to collapse of the Shang Dynasty.
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151854
PubMed: 27050400
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Merrett</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Archaeology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jing, Zhichun" sort="Jing, Zhichun" uniqKey="Jing Z" first="Zhichun" last="Jing">Zhichun Jing</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Anthropology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tang, Jigen" sort="Tang, Jigen" uniqKey="Tang J" first="Jigen" last="Tang">Jigen Tang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="He, Yuling" sort="He, Yuling" uniqKey="He Y" first="Yuling" last="He">Yuling He</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yue, Hongbin" sort="Yue, Hongbin" uniqKey="Yue H" first="Hongbin" last="Yue">Hongbin Yue</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yue, Zhanwei" sort="Yue, Zhanwei" uniqKey="Yue Z" first="Zhanwei" last="Yue">Zhanwei Yue</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing, China.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yang, Dongya Y" sort="Yang, Dongya Y" uniqKey="Yang D" first="Dongya Y" last="Yang">Dongya Y. 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Yang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Archaeology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">PloS one</title><idno type="eISSN">1932-6203</idno><imprint><date when="2016" type="published">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adult</term><term>Burial (history)</term><term>Child</term><term>Child, Preschool</term><term>China</term><term>Dental Enamel Hypoplasia (history)</term><term>Female</term><term>History, Medieval</term><term>Humans</term><term>Infant</term><term>Infant, Newborn</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Nutrition Disorders (history)</term><term>Osteitis (history)</term><term>Paleopathology</term><term>Periostitis (history)</term><term>Sex Factors</term><term>Social Class</term><term>Stress, Physiological</term><term>Urbanization</term><term>Young Adult</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="geographic" xml:lang="en"><term>China</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="history" xml:lang="en"><term>Burial</term><term>Dental Enamel Hypoplasia</term><term>Nutrition Disorders</term><term>Osteitis</term><term>Periostitis</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adult</term><term>Child</term><term>Child, Preschool</term><term>Female</term><term>History, Medieval</term><term>Humans</term><term>Infant</term><term>Infant, Newborn</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Paleopathology</term><term>Sex Factors</term><term>Social Class</term><term>Stress, Physiological</term><term>Urbanization</term><term>Young Adult</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Through the analysis of human skeletal remains and mortuary practice in Yinxu, this study investigates the impact of early urbanization on the commoners during the Late Shang dynasty (ca. 1250-1046 B.C.). A total of 347 individuals examined in this study represent non-elites who were recovered from two different burial contexts (formally buried in lineage cemeteries and randomly scattered in refuse pits). Frequencies of enamel hypoplasia (childhood stress), cribra orbitalia (childhood stress and frailty) and osteoperiostitis (adult stress) were examined to assess systemic stress exposure. Our results reveal that there was no significant difference in the frequency of enamel hypoplasia between two burial groups and between sexes, suggesting these urban commoners experienced similar stresses during childhood, but significantly elevated levels of cribra orbitalia and osteoperiostitis were observed in the refuse pit female cohort. Theoretically, urbanization would have resulted in increased population density in the urban centre, declining sanitary conditions, and increased risk of resource shortage. Biologically, children would be more vulnerable to such physiological disturbance; as a result, high percentages of enamel hypoplasia (80.9% overall) and cribra orbitalia (30.3% overall) are observed in Yin commoners. Adults continued to suffer from stress, resulting in high frequencies of osteoperiostitis (40.0% total adults); in particular, in the refuse pit females who may also reflect a compound impact of gender inequality. Our data show that the non-elite urban population in the capital city of Late Shang Dynasty had experienced extensive stress exposure due to early urbanization with further social stratification only worsening the situation, and eventually contributing to collapse of the Shang Dynasty.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">27050400</PMID><DateCreated><Year>2016</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>07</Day></DateCreated><DateCompleted><Year>2016</Year><Month>08</Month><Day>16</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2016</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>23</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic-eCollection"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1932-6203</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>11</Volume><Issue>4</Issue><PubDate><Year>2016</Year></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>PloS one</Title><ISOAbbreviation>PLoS ONE</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Osteoarchaeological Studies of Human Systemic Stress of Early Urbanization in Late Shang at Anyang, China.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>e0151854</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1371/journal.pone.0151854</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Through the analysis of human skeletal remains and mortuary practice in Yinxu, this study investigates the impact of early urbanization on the commoners during the Late Shang dynasty (ca. 1250-1046 B.C.). A total of 347 individuals examined in this study represent non-elites who were recovered from two different burial contexts (formally buried in lineage cemeteries and randomly scattered in refuse pits). Frequencies of enamel hypoplasia (childhood stress), cribra orbitalia (childhood stress and frailty) and osteoperiostitis (adult stress) were examined to assess systemic stress exposure. Our results reveal that there was no significant difference in the frequency of enamel hypoplasia between two burial groups and between sexes, suggesting these urban commoners experienced similar stresses during childhood, but significantly elevated levels of cribra orbitalia and osteoperiostitis were observed in the refuse pit female cohort. Theoretically, urbanization would have resulted in increased population density in the urban centre, declining sanitary conditions, and increased risk of resource shortage. Biologically, children would be more vulnerable to such physiological disturbance; as a result, high percentages of enamel hypoplasia (80.9% overall) and cribra orbitalia (30.3% overall) are observed in Yin commoners. Adults continued to suffer from stress, resulting in high frequencies of osteoperiostitis (40.0% total adults); in particular, in the refuse pit females who may also reflect a compound impact of gender inequality. Our data show that the non-elite urban population in the capital city of Late Shang Dynasty had experienced extensive stress exposure due to early urbanization with further social stratification only worsening the situation, and eventually contributing to collapse of the Shang Dynasty.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhang</LastName><ForeName>Hua</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Archaeology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>SFU-JLU Joint Centre for Bioarchaeological Research, Department of Archaeology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Merrett</LastName><ForeName>Deborah C</ForeName><Initials>DC</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Archaeology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>SFU-JLU Joint Centre for Bioarchaeological Research, Department of Archaeology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jing</LastName><ForeName>Zhichun</ForeName><Initials>Z</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Anthropology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tang</LastName><ForeName>Jigen</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>He</LastName><ForeName>Yuling</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Yue</LastName><ForeName>Hongbin</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Yue</LastName><ForeName>Zhanwei</ForeName><Initials>Z</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Yang</LastName><ForeName>Dongya Y</ForeName><Initials>DY</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Archaeology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>SFU-JLU Joint Centre for Bioarchaeological Research, Department of Archaeology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016456">Historical Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2016</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>06</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>PLoS One</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101285081</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1932-6203</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><CommentsCorrectionsList><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Am J Phys Anthropol. 2014 Oct;155(2):294-308</RefSource><PMID Version="1">25082158</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Am J Phys Anthropol. 2010 Jul;142(3):405-16</RefSource><PMID 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MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D049691" MajorTopicYN="N">History, Medieval</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007223" MajorTopicYN="N">Infant</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007231" MajorTopicYN="N">Infant, Newborn</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008875" MajorTopicYN="N">Middle Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D009748" MajorTopicYN="N">Nutrition Disorders</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000266" MajorTopicYN="Y">history</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D010000" MajorTopicYN="N">Osteitis</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000266" 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PubStatus="received"><Year>2015</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>28</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2016</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>04</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2016</Year><Month>4</Month><Day>7</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2016</Year><Month>4</Month><Day>7</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2016</Year><Month>8</Month><Day>17</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>epublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">27050400</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0151854</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">PONE-D-15-46335</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC4822842</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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