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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Characterization of <italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</italic> Complex DNAs from Egyptian Mummies by Spoligotyping</title><author><name sortKey="Zink, Albert R" sort="Zink, Albert R" uniqKey="Zink A" first="Albert R." last="Zink">Albert R. Zink</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sola, Christophe" sort="Sola, Christophe" uniqKey="Sola C" first="Christophe" last="Sola">Christophe Sola</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Reischl, Udo" sort="Reischl, Udo" uniqKey="Reischl U" first="Udo" last="Reischl">Udo Reischl</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Grabner, Waltraud" sort="Grabner, Waltraud" uniqKey="Grabner W" first="Waltraud" last="Grabner">Waltraud Grabner</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rastogi, Nalin" sort="Rastogi, Nalin" uniqKey="Rastogi N" first="Nalin" last="Rastogi">Nalin Rastogi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wolf, Hans" sort="Wolf, Hans" uniqKey="Wolf H" first="Hans" last="Wolf">Hans Wolf</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nerlich, Andreas G" sort="Nerlich, Andreas G" uniqKey="Nerlich A" first="Andreas G." last="Nerlich">Andreas G. Nerlich</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">12517873</idno><idno type="pmc">149558</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC149558</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:149558</idno><idno type="doi">10.1128/JCM.41.1.359-367.2003</idno><date when="2003">2003</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000190</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000190</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Characterization of <italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</italic> Complex DNAs from Egyptian Mummies by Spoligotyping</title><author><name sortKey="Zink, Albert R" sort="Zink, Albert R" uniqKey="Zink A" first="Albert R." last="Zink">Albert R. Zink</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sola, Christophe" sort="Sola, Christophe" uniqKey="Sola C" first="Christophe" last="Sola">Christophe Sola</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Reischl, Udo" sort="Reischl, Udo" uniqKey="Reischl U" first="Udo" last="Reischl">Udo Reischl</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Grabner, Waltraud" sort="Grabner, Waltraud" uniqKey="Grabner W" first="Waltraud" last="Grabner">Waltraud Grabner</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rastogi, Nalin" sort="Rastogi, Nalin" uniqKey="Rastogi N" first="Nalin" last="Rastogi">Nalin Rastogi</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wolf, Hans" sort="Wolf, Hans" uniqKey="Wolf H" first="Hans" last="Wolf">Hans Wolf</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nerlich, Andreas G" sort="Nerlich, Andreas G" uniqKey="Nerlich A" first="Andreas G." last="Nerlich">Andreas G. Nerlich</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1"></nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Journal of Clinical Microbiology</title><idno type="ISSN">0095-1137</idno><idno type="eISSN">1098-660X</idno><imprint><date when="2003">2003</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Bone and soft tissue samples from 85 ancient Egyptian mummies were analyzed for the presence of ancient <italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</italic> complex DNA (aDNA) and further characterized by spoligotyping. The specimens were obtained from individuals from different tomb complexes in Thebes West, Upper Egypt, which were used for upper social class burials between the Middle Kingdom (since ca. 2050 BC) and the Late Period (until ca. 500 BC). A total of 25 samples provided a specific positive signal for the amplification of a 123-bp fragment of the repetitive element IS<italic>6110</italic>, indicating the presence of <italic>M. tuberculosis</italic> DNA. Further PCR-based tests for the identification of subspecies failed due to lack of specific amplification products in the historic tissue samples. Of these 25 positive specimens, 12 could be successfully characterized by spoligotyping. The spoligotyping signatures were compared to those in an international database. They all show either an <italic>M. tuberculosis</italic> or an <italic>M. africanum</italic> pattern, but none revealed an <italic>M. bovis</italic>-specific pattern. The results from a Middle Kingdom tomb (used exclusively between ca. 2050 and 1650 BC) suggest that these samples bear an <italic>M. africanum</italic>-type specific spoligotyping signature. The samples from later periods provided patterns typical for <italic>M. tuberculosis</italic>. This study clearly demonstrates that spoligotyping can be applied to historic tissue samples. In addition, our results do not support the theory that <italic>M. tuberculosis</italic> originated from the <italic>M. bovis</italic> type but, rather, suggest that human <italic>M. tuberculosis</italic> may have originated from a precursor complex probably related to <italic>M. africanum</italic>.</p></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">J Clin Microbiol</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">jcm</journal-id><journal-title>Journal of Clinical Microbiology</journal-title><issn pub-type="ppub">0095-1137</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1098-660X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>American Society for Microbiology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">12517873</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">149558</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">0426</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1128/JCM.41.1.359-367.2003</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Mycobacteriology and Aerobic Actinomycetes</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Characterization of <italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</italic> Complex DNAs from Egyptian Mummies by Spoligotyping</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Zink</surname><given-names>Albert R.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sola</surname><given-names>Christophe</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Reischl</surname><given-names>Udo</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">3</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Grabner</surname><given-names>Waltraud</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Rastogi</surname><given-names>Nalin</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Wolf</surname><given-names>Hans</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">3</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Nerlich</surname><given-names>Andreas G.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1">*</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1">Division of Palaeopathology, Institute of Pathology, Academic Teaching Hospital München-Bogenhausen, D-81925 Munich,<label>1</label> Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Regensburg, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany,<label>3</label> Unité de la Tuberculose et des Mycobactéries, Institut Pasteur, F-97165 Pointe-à-Pitre Cedex, Guadeloupe<label>2</label></aff><author-notes><fn id="cor1"><label>*</label><p>Corresponding author. Mailing address: Institut für Pathologie, Krankenhaus München-Bogenhausen, Englschalkingerstr. 77, D-81925 Munich, Germany. Phone: 49-89-9270-2310. Fax: 49-89-9270-2067. E-mail: <email>Andreas.Nerlich@extern.lrz-muenchen.de</email>.</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>1</month><year>2003</year></pub-date><volume>41</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>359</fpage><lpage>367</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>13</day><month>3</month><year>2002</year></date><date date-type="rev-recd"><day>8</day><month>7</month><year>2002</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>26</day><month>9</month><year>2002</year></date></history><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2003, American Society for Microbiology</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2003</copyright-year><abstract><p>Bone and soft tissue samples from 85 ancient Egyptian mummies were analyzed for the presence of ancient <italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</italic> complex DNA (aDNA) and further characterized by spoligotyping. The specimens were obtained from individuals from different tomb complexes in Thebes West, Upper Egypt, which were used for upper social class burials between the Middle Kingdom (since ca. 2050 BC) and the Late Period (until ca. 500 BC). A total of 25 samples provided a specific positive signal for the amplification of a 123-bp fragment of the repetitive element IS<italic>6110</italic>, indicating the presence of <italic>M. tuberculosis</italic> DNA. Further PCR-based tests for the identification of subspecies failed due to lack of specific amplification products in the historic tissue samples. Of these 25 positive specimens, 12 could be successfully characterized by spoligotyping. The spoligotyping signatures were compared to those in an international database. They all show either an <italic>M. tuberculosis</italic> or an <italic>M. africanum</italic> pattern, but none revealed an <italic>M. bovis</italic>-specific pattern. The results from a Middle Kingdom tomb (used exclusively between ca. 2050 and 1650 BC) suggest that these samples bear an <italic>M. africanum</italic>-type specific spoligotyping signature. The samples from later periods provided patterns typical for <italic>M. tuberculosis</italic>. This study clearly demonstrates that spoligotyping can be applied to historic tissue samples. In addition, our results do not support the theory that <italic>M. tuberculosis</italic> originated from the <italic>M. bovis</italic> type but, rather, suggest that human <italic>M. tuberculosis</italic> may have originated from a precursor complex probably related to <italic>M. africanum</italic>.</p></abstract></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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