PREHISTORICAL Pediculus humanus capitis INFESTATION: QUANTITATIVE DATA AND LOW VACUUM SCANNING MICROSCOPY
Identifieur interne : 000085 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000084; suivant : 000086PREHISTORICAL Pediculus humanus capitis INFESTATION: QUANTITATIVE DATA AND LOW VACUUM SCANNING MICROSCOPY
Auteurs : Juliana M. F. Dutra [Brésil] ; Arthur Daniel Alves [Brésil] ; Thaila Pessanha [Brésil] ; Rachel Rachid [Brésil] ; Wanderley De Souza [Brésil] ; Pedro Marcos Linardi [Brésil] ; Luiz Fernando Ferreira [Brésil] ; Sheila Mendonça De Souza [Brésil] ; Adauto Araujo [Brésil]Source :
- Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo [ 0036-4665 ] ; 2014.
Abstract
A pre-Columbian Peruvian scalp was examined decades ago by a researcher from the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation. Professor Olympio da Fonseca Filho described nits and adult lice attached to hair shafts and commented about the origin of head lice infestations on mankind. This same scalp was sent to our laboratory and is the subject of the present paper. Analysis showed a massive infestation with nine eggs/cm2 and an impressive number of very well preserved adult lice. The infestation age was roughly estimated as nine months before death based on the distance of nits from the hair root and the medium rate of hair growth. A small traditional textile was associated with the scalp, possibly part of the funerary belongings. Other morphological aspects visualized by low-vacuum scanning electron microscopy are also presented here for adults and nits.
Url:
DOI: 10.1590/S0036-46652014000200005
PubMed: 24626412
PubMed Central: 4085847
Affiliations:
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">PREHISTORICAL <italic>Pediculus humanus capitis</italic> INFESTATION:
QUANTITATIVE DATA AND LOW VACUUM SCANNING MICROSCOPY</title><author><name sortKey="Dutra, Juliana M F" sort="Dutra, Juliana M F" uniqKey="Dutra J" first="Juliana M. F." last="Dutra">Juliana M. F. Dutra</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"> Laboratório de Paleoparasitologia, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sérgio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, R. Leopoldo Bulhões 1480, Manguinhos, 21041-210 Rio de Janeiro, RJ,<country>Brazil</country>. Tel.: +55 (21) 2598-2566</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Alves, Arthur Daniel" sort="Alves, Arthur Daniel" uniqKey="Alves A" first="Arthur Daniel" last="Alves">Arthur Daniel Alves</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"> Laboratório de Paleoparasitologia, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sérgio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, R. Leopoldo Bulhões 1480, Manguinhos, 21041-210 Rio de Janeiro, RJ,<country>Brazil</country>. Tel.: +55 (21) 2598-2566</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pessanha, Thaila" sort="Pessanha, Thaila" uniqKey="Pessanha T" first="Thaila" last="Pessanha">Thaila Pessanha</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"> Laboratório de Paleoparasitologia, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sérgio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, R. Leopoldo Bulhões 1480, Manguinhos, 21041-210 Rio de Janeiro, RJ,<country>Brazil</country>. Tel.: +55 (21) 2598-2566</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rachid, Rachel" sort="Rachid, Rachel" uniqKey="Rachid R" first="Rachel" last="Rachid">Rachel Rachid</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"> Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho s/n, Ilha do Fundão, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, RJ,<country>Brazil</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Souza, Wanderley" sort="De Souza, Wanderley" uniqKey="De Souza W" first="Wanderley" last="De Souza">Wanderley De Souza</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"> Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho s/n, Ilha do Fundão, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, RJ,<country>Brazil</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Linardi, Pedro Marcos" sort="Linardi, Pedro Marcos" uniqKey="Linardi P" first="Pedro Marcos" last="Linardi">Pedro Marcos Linardi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"> Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Caixa Postal 486, 30161-970 Belo Horizonte, MG,<country>Brazil</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ferreira, Luiz Fernando" sort="Ferreira, Luiz Fernando" uniqKey="Ferreira L" first="Luiz Fernando" last="Ferreira">Luiz Fernando Ferreira</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"> Laboratório de Paleoparasitologia, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sérgio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, R. Leopoldo Bulhões 1480, Manguinhos, 21041-210 Rio de Janeiro, RJ,<country>Brazil</country>. Tel.: +55 (21) 2598-2566</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Souza, Sheila Mendonca" sort="De Souza, Sheila Mendonca" uniqKey="De Souza S" first="Sheila Mendonça" last="De Souza">Sheila Mendonça De Souza</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"> Laboratório de Paleoparasitologia, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sérgio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, R. Leopoldo Bulhões 1480, Manguinhos, 21041-210 Rio de Janeiro, RJ,<country>Brazil</country>. Tel.: +55 (21) 2598-2566</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Araujo, Adauto" sort="Araujo, Adauto" uniqKey="Araujo A" first="Adauto" last="Araujo">Adauto Araujo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"> Laboratório de Paleoparasitologia, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sérgio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, R. Leopoldo Bulhões 1480, Manguinhos, 21041-210 Rio de Janeiro, RJ,<country>Brazil</country>. Tel.: +55 (21) 2598-2566</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">24626412</idno><idno type="pmc">4085847</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4085847</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4085847</idno><idno type="doi">10.1590/S0036-46652014000200005</idno><date when="2014">2014</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000397</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000397</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000397</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000397</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000085</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000085</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">PREHISTORICAL <italic>Pediculus humanus capitis</italic> INFESTATION:
QUANTITATIVE DATA AND LOW VACUUM SCANNING MICROSCOPY</title><author><name sortKey="Dutra, Juliana M F" sort="Dutra, Juliana M F" uniqKey="Dutra J" first="Juliana M. F." last="Dutra">Juliana M. F. Dutra</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"> Laboratório de Paleoparasitologia, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sérgio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, R. Leopoldo Bulhões 1480, Manguinhos, 21041-210 Rio de Janeiro, RJ,<country>Brazil</country>. Tel.: +55 (21) 2598-2566</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Alves, Arthur Daniel" sort="Alves, Arthur Daniel" uniqKey="Alves A" first="Arthur Daniel" last="Alves">Arthur Daniel Alves</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"> Laboratório de Paleoparasitologia, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sérgio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, R. Leopoldo Bulhões 1480, Manguinhos, 21041-210 Rio de Janeiro, RJ,<country>Brazil</country>. Tel.: +55 (21) 2598-2566</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pessanha, Thaila" sort="Pessanha, Thaila" uniqKey="Pessanha T" first="Thaila" last="Pessanha">Thaila Pessanha</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"> Laboratório de Paleoparasitologia, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sérgio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, R. Leopoldo Bulhões 1480, Manguinhos, 21041-210 Rio de Janeiro, RJ,<country>Brazil</country>. Tel.: +55 (21) 2598-2566</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rachid, Rachel" sort="Rachid, Rachel" uniqKey="Rachid R" first="Rachel" last="Rachid">Rachel Rachid</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"> Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho s/n, Ilha do Fundão, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, RJ,<country>Brazil</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Souza, Wanderley" sort="De Souza, Wanderley" uniqKey="De Souza W" first="Wanderley" last="De Souza">Wanderley De Souza</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2"> Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho s/n, Ilha do Fundão, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, RJ,<country>Brazil</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Linardi, Pedro Marcos" sort="Linardi, Pedro Marcos" uniqKey="Linardi P" first="Pedro Marcos" last="Linardi">Pedro Marcos Linardi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"> Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Caixa Postal 486, 30161-970 Belo Horizonte, MG,<country>Brazil</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ferreira, Luiz Fernando" sort="Ferreira, Luiz Fernando" uniqKey="Ferreira L" first="Luiz Fernando" last="Ferreira">Luiz Fernando Ferreira</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"> Laboratório de Paleoparasitologia, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sérgio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, R. Leopoldo Bulhões 1480, Manguinhos, 21041-210 Rio de Janeiro, RJ,<country>Brazil</country>. Tel.: +55 (21) 2598-2566</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Souza, Sheila Mendonca" sort="De Souza, Sheila Mendonca" uniqKey="De Souza S" first="Sheila Mendonça" last="De Souza">Sheila Mendonça De Souza</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"> Laboratório de Paleoparasitologia, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sérgio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, R. Leopoldo Bulhões 1480, Manguinhos, 21041-210 Rio de Janeiro, RJ,<country>Brazil</country>. Tel.: +55 (21) 2598-2566</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Araujo, Adauto" sort="Araujo, Adauto" uniqKey="Araujo A" first="Adauto" last="Araujo">Adauto Araujo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"> Laboratório de Paleoparasitologia, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sérgio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, R. Leopoldo Bulhões 1480, Manguinhos, 21041-210 Rio de Janeiro, RJ,<country>Brazil</country>. Tel.: +55 (21) 2598-2566</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo</title><idno type="ISSN">0036-4665</idno><idno type="eISSN">1678-9946</idno><imprint><date when="2014">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p id="para1">A pre-Columbian Peruvian scalp was examined decades ago by a
researcher from the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation. Professor Olympio da Fonseca Filho
described nits and adult lice attached to hair shafts and commented about the
origin of head lice infestations on mankind. This same scalp was sent to our
laboratory and is the subject of the present paper. Analysis showed a massive
infestation with nine eggs/cm<sup>2</sup> and an impressive number of very well
preserved adult lice. The infestation age was roughly estimated as nine months
before death based on the distance of nits from the hair root and the medium
rate of hair growth. A small traditional textile was associated with the scalp,
possibly part of the funerary belongings. Other morphological aspects visualized
by low-vacuum scanning electron microscopy are also presented here for adults
and nits.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Araujo, A" uniqKey="Araujo A">A Araujo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ferreira, Lf" uniqKey="Ferreira L">LF Ferreira</name></author><author><name sortKey="Guidon, N" uniqKey="Guidon N">N Guidon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Maues Da Serra Freire, N" uniqKey="Maues Da Serra Freire N">N Maues da Serra-Freire</name></author><author><name sortKey="Reinhard, K" uniqKey="Reinhard K">K Reinhard</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dittmar, K" uniqKey="Dittmar K">K Dittmar</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Arriaza, B" uniqKey="Arriaza B">B Arriaza</name></author><author><name sortKey="Allison, M" uniqKey="Allison M">M Allison</name></author><author><name sortKey="Standen, V" uniqKey="Standen V">V Standen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Focacci, G" uniqKey="Focacci G">G Focacci</name></author><author><name 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Sao Paulo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0036-4665</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1678-9946</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Instituto de Medicina Tropical</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">24626412</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4085847</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">S0036-46652014000200005</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1590/S0036-46652014000200005</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Paleoparasitology</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>PREHISTORICAL <italic>Pediculus humanus capitis</italic> INFESTATION:
QUANTITATIVE DATA AND LOW VACUUM SCANNING MICROSCOPY</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="pt"><trans-title>Infestação pré-histórica por <italic>Pediculus humanus
capitis:</italic> análise quantitativa e por microscopia de varredura de
baixo vácuo</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Dutra</surname><given-names>Juliana M.F.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">(1)</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Alves</surname><given-names>Arthur Daniel</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">(1)</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Pessanha</surname><given-names>Thaila</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">(1)</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Rachid</surname><given-names>Rachel</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">(2)</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>de Souza</surname><given-names>Wanderley</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">(2)</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Linardi</surname><given-names>Pedro Marcos</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">(3)</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ferreira</surname><given-names>Luiz Fernando</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">(1)</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>de Souza</surname><given-names>Sheila Mendonça</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">(1)</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Araujo</surname><given-names>Adauto</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">(1)</xref></contrib><aff id="aff1"><label>(1)</label> Laboratório de Paleoparasitologia, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sérgio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, R. Leopoldo Bulhões 1480, Manguinhos, 21041-210 Rio de Janeiro, RJ,<country>Brazil</country>. Tel.: +55 (21) 2598-2566</aff><aff id="aff2"><label>(2)</label> Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho s/n, Ilha do Fundão, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, RJ,<country>Brazil</country></aff><aff id="aff3"><label>(3)</label> Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Caixa Postal 486, 30161-970 Belo Horizonte, MG,<country>Brazil</country></aff></contrib-group><author-notes><corresp><bold>Correspondence to:</bold> Juliana M.F. DUTRA, E-mail: <email>jsantiago@ensp.fiocruz.br</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="epub-ppub"><season>Mar-Apr</season><year>2014</year></pub-date><pmc-comment>Fake ppub date generated by PMC from publisher
pub-date/@pub-type='epub-ppub' </pmc-comment>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><season>Mar-Apr</season><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>56</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>115</fpage><lpage>119</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>18</day><month>2</month><year>2013</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>26</day><month>6</month><year>2013</year></date></history><permissions><license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/"><license-p>This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits
unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any
medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><p id="para1">A pre-Columbian Peruvian scalp was examined decades ago by a
researcher from the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation. Professor Olympio da Fonseca Filho
described nits and adult lice attached to hair shafts and commented about the
origin of head lice infestations on mankind. This same scalp was sent to our
laboratory and is the subject of the present paper. Analysis showed a massive
infestation with nine eggs/cm<sup>2</sup> and an impressive number of very well
preserved adult lice. The infestation age was roughly estimated as nine months
before death based on the distance of nits from the hair root and the medium
rate of hair growth. A small traditional textile was associated with the scalp,
possibly part of the funerary belongings. Other morphological aspects visualized
by low-vacuum scanning electron microscopy are also presented here for adults
and nits.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="pt"><p id="para2">Há décadas um escalpo peruano, datado do período pré-colombiano, foi
examinado por um pesquisador da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. O Professor Olympio da
Fonseca Filho descreveu lêndeas e adultos fixos a fios de cabelos e fez
comentários sobre a origem da infecção por piolhos na espécie humana. Este mesmo
escalpo foi enviado ao nosso laboratório e é objeto deste artigo. Sua análise
mostrou maciça infestação, com nove lêndeas/cm<sup>2</sup> em impressionante
número de adultos muito bem preservados. O tempo de infestação foi estimado em
cerca de nove meses antes da morte, baseado na maior distância entre lêndeas e o
couro cabeludo, levando em consideração taxa média de crescimento capilar de 1
cm por mês. Um pequeno pedaço de tecido tradicional peruano foi encontrado
associado ao escalpo, provavelmente pertencente ao conjunto de peças usado no
ritual funerário. Aqui, apresentamos alguns aspectos morfológicos de adultos e
lêndeas vizualizados por microscopia eletrônica de varredura de baixo vácuo.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group><kwd><italic>Pediculus humanus</italic></kwd><kwd>Head lice</kwd><kwd>Paleoparasitology</kwd><kwd>Human hair</kwd><kwd>Parasitism</kwd><kwd>Evolution</kwd></kwd-group><counts><fig-count count="3"></fig-count><table-count count="1"></table-count><ref-count count="26"></ref-count><page-count count="5"></page-count></counts></article-meta></front></pmc><affiliations><list><country><li>Brésil</li></country></list><tree><country name="Brésil"><noRegion><name sortKey="Dutra, Juliana M F" sort="Dutra, Juliana M F" uniqKey="Dutra J" first="Juliana M. F." last="Dutra">Juliana M. F. Dutra</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Alves, Arthur Daniel" sort="Alves, Arthur Daniel" uniqKey="Alves A" first="Arthur Daniel" last="Alves">Arthur Daniel Alves</name><name sortKey="Araujo, Adauto" sort="Araujo, Adauto" uniqKey="Araujo A" first="Adauto" last="Araujo">Adauto Araujo</name><name sortKey="De Souza, Sheila Mendonca" sort="De Souza, Sheila Mendonca" uniqKey="De Souza S" first="Sheila Mendonça" last="De Souza">Sheila Mendonça De Souza</name><name sortKey="De Souza, Wanderley" sort="De Souza, Wanderley" uniqKey="De Souza W" first="Wanderley" last="De Souza">Wanderley De Souza</name><name sortKey="Ferreira, Luiz Fernando" sort="Ferreira, Luiz Fernando" uniqKey="Ferreira L" first="Luiz Fernando" last="Ferreira">Luiz Fernando Ferreira</name><name sortKey="Linardi, Pedro Marcos" sort="Linardi, Pedro Marcos" uniqKey="Linardi P" first="Pedro Marcos" last="Linardi">Pedro Marcos Linardi</name><name sortKey="Pessanha, Thaila" sort="Pessanha, Thaila" uniqKey="Pessanha T" first="Thaila" last="Pessanha">Thaila Pessanha</name><name sortKey="Rachid, Rachel" sort="Rachid, Rachel" uniqKey="Rachid R" first="Rachel" last="Rachid">Rachel Rachid</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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