Human tuberculosis predates domestication in ancient Syria.
Identifieur interne : 000E53 ( Ncbi/Merge ); précédent : 000E52; suivant : 000E54Human tuberculosis predates domestication in ancient Syria.
Auteurs : Oussama Baker [France] ; Oona Y-C Lee [Royaume-Uni] ; Houdini H T. Wu [Royaume-Uni] ; Gurdyal S. Besra [Royaume-Uni] ; David E. Minnikin [Royaume-Uni] ; Gareth Llewellyn [Royaume-Uni] ; Christopher M. Williams [Royaume-Uni] ; Frank Maixner [Italie] ; Niall O'Sullivan [Italie] ; Albert Zink [Italie] ; Bérénice Chamel [France] ; Rima Khawam [France] ; Eric Coqueugniot [France] ; Daniel Helmer [France] ; Françoise Le Mort [France] ; Pascale Perrin [France] ; Lionel Gourichon [France] ; Bruno Dutailly [France] ; György Pálfi [Hongrie] ; Hélène Coqueugniot [Allemagne] ; Olivier Dutour [Canada]Source :
- Tuberculosis (Edinburgh, Scotland) [ 1873-281X ] ; 2015.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adult, Agriculture (history), Animals, Animals, Domestic, Anthropology, Medical, Biomarkers (analysis), Child, Child, Preschool, DNA, Bacterial (genetics), History, Ancient, Humans, Infant, Lipids (analysis), Mycobacterium tuberculosis (genetics), Paleopathology, Syria, Tuberculosis, Osteoarticular (genetics), Tuberculosis, Osteoarticular (history), Young Adult.
- MESH :
- chemical , analysis : Biomarkers, Lipids.
- chemical , genetics : DNA, Bacterial.
- geographic : Syria.
- genetics : Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Tuberculosis, Osteoarticular.
- history : Agriculture, Tuberculosis, Osteoarticular.
- Adult, Animals, Animals, Domestic, Anthropology, Medical, Child, Child, Preschool, History, Ancient, Humans, Infant, Paleopathology, Young Adult.
Abstract
The question of pre-neolithic tuberculosis is still open in paleopathological perspective. One of the major interests is to explore what type of infection could have existed around the early stage of animal domestication. Paleopathological lesions evoking skeletal TB were observed on five human skeletons coming from two PPNB sites in Syria, which belongs to the geographical cradle of agriculture. These sites represent respectively pre-domestication phase (Dja'de el Mughara, Northern Syria, 8800-8300 BCE cal.) and early domestication phase (Tell Aswad, Southern Syria, 8200-7600 BCE cal.). MicroCT scan analyses were performed on two specimens (one per site) and revealed microscopic changes in favor of TB infection. Detection of lipid biomarkers is positive for two specimens (one per site). Initial molecular analysis further indicates the presence of TB in one individual from Dja'de. Interestingly, no morphological evidence of TB was observed on animal remains of wild and newly domesticated species, discovered in these sites. These observations strongly suggest the presence of human tuberculosis before domestication and at its early stages.
DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2015.02.001
PubMed: 25819157
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sort="O Sullivan, Niall" uniqKey="O Sullivan N" first="Niall" last="O'Sullivan">Niall O'Sullivan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institute for Mummies and the Iceman, European Academy, Viale Druso, 1, 39100 Bolzano, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute for Mummies and the Iceman, European Academy, Viale Druso, 1, 39100 Bolzano</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>39100 Bolzano</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zink, Albert" sort="Zink, Albert" uniqKey="Zink A" first="Albert" last="Zink">Albert Zink</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institute for Mummies and the Iceman, European Academy, Viale Druso, 1, 39100 Bolzano, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute for Mummies and the Iceman, European Academy, Viale Druso, 1, 39100 Bolzano</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>39100 Bolzano</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chamel, Berenice" sort="Chamel, Berenice" uniqKey="Chamel B" first="Bérénice" last="Chamel">Bérénice Chamel</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratoire Archéorient (UMR 5133, CNRS, Université de Lyon 2), Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée - Jean Pouilloux, 7 rue Raulin, 69365 Lyon Cedex 7, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratoire Archéorient (UMR 5133, CNRS, Université de Lyon 2), Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée - Jean Pouilloux, 7 rue Raulin, 69365 Lyon Cedex 7</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Rhône-Alpes</region><settlement type="city">Lyon</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Khawam, Rima" sort="Khawam, Rima" uniqKey="Khawam R" first="Rima" last="Khawam">Rima Khawam</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratoire Archéorient (UMR 5133, CNRS, Université de Lyon 2), Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée - Jean Pouilloux, 7 rue Raulin, 69365 Lyon Cedex 7, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratoire Archéorient (UMR 5133, CNRS, Université de Lyon 2), Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée - Jean Pouilloux, 7 rue Raulin, 69365 Lyon Cedex 7</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Rhône-Alpes</region><settlement type="city">Lyon</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Coqueugniot, Eric" sort="Coqueugniot, Eric" uniqKey="Coqueugniot E" first="Eric" last="Coqueugniot">Eric Coqueugniot</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratoire Archéorient (UMR 5133, CNRS, Université de Lyon 2), Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée - Jean Pouilloux, 7 rue Raulin, 69365 Lyon Cedex 7, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratoire Archéorient (UMR 5133, CNRS, Université de Lyon 2), Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée - Jean Pouilloux, 7 rue Raulin, 69365 Lyon Cedex 7</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Rhône-Alpes</region><settlement type="city">Lyon</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Helmer, Daniel" sort="Helmer, Daniel" uniqKey="Helmer D" first="Daniel" last="Helmer">Daniel Helmer</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratoire Archéorient (UMR 5133, CNRS, Université de Lyon 2), Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée - Jean Pouilloux, 7 rue Raulin, 69365 Lyon Cedex 7, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratoire Archéorient (UMR 5133, CNRS, Université de Lyon 2), Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée - Jean Pouilloux, 7 rue Raulin, 69365 Lyon Cedex 7</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Rhône-Alpes</region><settlement type="city">Lyon</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Le Mort, Francoise" sort="Le Mort, Francoise" uniqKey="Le Mort F" first="Françoise" last="Le Mort">Françoise Le Mort</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratoire Archéorient (UMR 5133, CNRS, Université de Lyon 2), Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée - Jean Pouilloux, 7 rue Raulin, 69365 Lyon Cedex 7, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratoire Archéorient (UMR 5133, CNRS, Université de Lyon 2), Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée - Jean Pouilloux, 7 rue Raulin, 69365 Lyon Cedex 7</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Rhône-Alpes</region><settlement type="city">Lyon</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Perrin, Pascale" sort="Perrin, Pascale" uniqKey="Perrin P" first="Pascale" last="Perrin">Pascale Perrin</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Université Montpellier 2 - MIVEGEC IRD/UR 224 - CNRS/UMR 5290, MIVEGEC - Centre IRD de Montpellier, 911 Avenue Agropolis, BP 64501, 34394 Montpellier Cedex 5, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Université Montpellier 2 - MIVEGEC IRD/UR 224 - CNRS/UMR 5290, MIVEGEC - Centre IRD de Montpellier, 911 Avenue Agropolis, BP 64501, 34394 Montpellier Cedex 5</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Occitanie (région administrative)</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Languedoc-Roussillon</region><settlement type="city">Montpellier</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gourichon, Lionel" sort="Gourichon, Lionel" uniqKey="Gourichon L" first="Lionel" last="Gourichon">Lionel Gourichon</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Cultures et Environnements Préhistoire, Antiquité, Moyen Âge (CEPAM, UMR 7264, CNRS Université Nice Sophia Antipolis), Pôle Universitaire Saint-Jean-d'Angély (SJA3), 24 Avenue des Diables Bleus, 06357 Nice Cedex 4, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Cultures et Environnements Préhistoire, Antiquité, Moyen Âge (CEPAM, UMR 7264, CNRS Université Nice Sophia Antipolis), Pôle Universitaire Saint-Jean-d'Angély (SJA3), 24 Avenue des Diables Bleus, 06357 Nice Cedex 4</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><settlement type="city">Nice</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dutailly, Bruno" sort="Dutailly, Bruno" uniqKey="Dutailly B" first="Bruno" last="Dutailly">Bruno Dutailly</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel: Culture, Environnement, Anthropologie (PACEA, UMR 5199, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication), Allée Geoffroy St Hilaire, CS 50023, 33615 Pessac Cedex, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel: Culture, Environnement, Anthropologie (PACEA, UMR 5199, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication), Allée Geoffroy St Hilaire, CS 50023, 33615 Pessac Cedex</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Nouvelle-Aquitaine</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Aquitaine</region><settlement type="city">Pessac</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Bordeaux</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Palfi, Gyorgy" sort="Palfi, Gyorgy" uniqKey="Palfi G" first="György" last="Pálfi">György Pálfi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biological Anthropology, University of Szeged, Dugonics Ter, Szeged, Hungary.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Hongrie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biological Anthropology, University of Szeged, Dugonics Ter, Szeged</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Szeged</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Coqueugniot, Helene" sort="Coqueugniot, Helene" uniqKey="Coqueugniot H" first="Hélène" last="Coqueugniot">Hélène Coqueugniot</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel: Culture, Environnement, Anthropologie (PACEA, UMR 5199, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication), Allée Geoffroy St Hilaire, CS 50023, 33615 Pessac Cedex, France; Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel: Culture, Environnement, Anthropologie (PACEA, UMR 5199, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication), Allée Geoffroy St Hilaire, CS 50023, 33615 Pessac Cedex, France; Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Saxe (Land)</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Leipzig</region><settlement type="city">Leipzig</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Bordeaux</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dutour, Olivier" sort="Dutour, Olivier" uniqKey="Dutour O" first="Olivier" last="Dutour">Olivier Dutour</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratoire d'Anthropologie biologique Paul Broca, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Paris, France; De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel: Culture, Environnement, Anthropologie (PACEA, UMR 5199, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication), Allée Geoffroy St Hilaire, CS 50023, 33615 Pessac Cedex, France; Department of Anthropology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada. Electronic address: olivier.dutour@ephe.sorbonne.fr.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratoire d'Anthropologie biologique Paul Broca, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Paris, France; De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel: Culture, Environnement, Anthropologie (PACEA, UMR 5199, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication), Allée Geoffroy St Hilaire, CS 50023, 33615 Pessac Cedex, France; Department of Anthropology, University of Western Ontario, London</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Bordeaux</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Marseille</settlement><region type="region" nuts="2">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region></placeName><orgName type="university" n="3">Université d'Aix-Marseille</orgName></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2015">2015</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:25819157</idno><idno type="pmid">25819157</idno><idno type="doi">10.1016/j.tube.2015.02.001</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000090</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000090</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">000090</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Curation">000090</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">000090</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Checkpoint" wicri:step="PubMed">000090</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">000E53</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Human tuberculosis predates domestication in ancient Syria.</title><author><name sortKey="Baker, Oussama" sort="Baker, Oussama" uniqKey="Baker O" first="Oussama" last="Baker">Oussama Baker</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratoire d'Anthropologie biologique Paul Broca, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Paris, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratoire d'Anthropologie biologique Paul Broca, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Paris</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region><region type="old region">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, Oona Y C" sort="Lee, Oona Y C" uniqKey="Lee O" first="Oona Y-C" last="Lee">Oona Y-C Lee</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Microbiology and Infection, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT Birmingham, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Microbiology and Infection, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT Birmingham</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Birmingham</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Birmingham</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Midlands de l'Ouest</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wu, Houdini H T" sort="Wu, Houdini H T" uniqKey="Wu H" first="Houdini H T" last="Wu">Houdini H T. Wu</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Microbiology and Infection, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT Birmingham, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Microbiology and Infection, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT Birmingham</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Birmingham</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Birmingham</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Midlands de l'Ouest</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Besra, Gurdyal S" sort="Besra, Gurdyal S" uniqKey="Besra G" first="Gurdyal S" last="Besra">Gurdyal S. Besra</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Microbiology and Infection, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT Birmingham, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Microbiology and Infection, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT Birmingham</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Birmingham</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Birmingham</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Midlands de l'Ouest</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Minnikin, David E" sort="Minnikin, David E" uniqKey="Minnikin D" first="David E" last="Minnikin">David E. Minnikin</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Microbiology and Infection, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT Birmingham, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Microbiology and Infection, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT Birmingham</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Birmingham</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Birmingham</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Midlands de l'Ouest</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Llewellyn, Gareth" sort="Llewellyn, Gareth" uniqKey="Llewellyn G" first="Gareth" last="Llewellyn">Gareth Llewellyn</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>National Mass Spectrometry Service Centre, School of Medicine, Grove Building, Swansea University, Swansea, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>National Mass Spectrometry Service Centre, School of Medicine, Grove Building, Swansea University, Swansea</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Swansea</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Williams, Christopher M" sort="Williams, Christopher M" uniqKey="Williams C" first="Christopher M" last="Williams">Christopher M. Williams</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>National Mass Spectrometry Service Centre, School of Medicine, Grove Building, Swansea University, Swansea, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>National Mass Spectrometry Service Centre, School of Medicine, Grove Building, Swansea University, Swansea</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Swansea</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Maixner, Frank" sort="Maixner, Frank" uniqKey="Maixner F" first="Frank" last="Maixner">Frank Maixner</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institute for Mummies and the Iceman, European Academy, Viale Druso, 1, 39100 Bolzano, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute for Mummies and the Iceman, European Academy, Viale Druso, 1, 39100 Bolzano</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>39100 Bolzano</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="O Sullivan, Niall" sort="O Sullivan, Niall" uniqKey="O Sullivan N" first="Niall" last="O'Sullivan">Niall O'Sullivan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institute for Mummies and the Iceman, European Academy, Viale Druso, 1, 39100 Bolzano, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute for Mummies and the Iceman, European Academy, Viale Druso, 1, 39100 Bolzano</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>39100 Bolzano</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zink, Albert" sort="Zink, Albert" uniqKey="Zink A" first="Albert" last="Zink">Albert Zink</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institute for Mummies and the Iceman, European Academy, Viale Druso, 1, 39100 Bolzano, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute for Mummies and the Iceman, European Academy, Viale Druso, 1, 39100 Bolzano</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>39100 Bolzano</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chamel, Berenice" sort="Chamel, Berenice" uniqKey="Chamel B" first="Bérénice" last="Chamel">Bérénice Chamel</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratoire Archéorient (UMR 5133, CNRS, Université de Lyon 2), Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée - Jean Pouilloux, 7 rue Raulin, 69365 Lyon Cedex 7, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratoire Archéorient (UMR 5133, CNRS, Université de Lyon 2), Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée - Jean Pouilloux, 7 rue Raulin, 69365 Lyon Cedex 7</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Rhône-Alpes</region><settlement type="city">Lyon</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Khawam, Rima" sort="Khawam, Rima" uniqKey="Khawam R" first="Rima" last="Khawam">Rima Khawam</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratoire Archéorient (UMR 5133, CNRS, Université de Lyon 2), Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée - Jean Pouilloux, 7 rue Raulin, 69365 Lyon Cedex 7, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratoire Archéorient (UMR 5133, CNRS, Université de Lyon 2), Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée - Jean Pouilloux, 7 rue Raulin, 69365 Lyon Cedex 7</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Rhône-Alpes</region><settlement type="city">Lyon</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Coqueugniot, Eric" sort="Coqueugniot, Eric" uniqKey="Coqueugniot E" first="Eric" last="Coqueugniot">Eric Coqueugniot</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratoire Archéorient (UMR 5133, CNRS, Université de Lyon 2), Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée - Jean Pouilloux, 7 rue Raulin, 69365 Lyon Cedex 7, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratoire Archéorient (UMR 5133, CNRS, Université de Lyon 2), Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée - Jean Pouilloux, 7 rue Raulin, 69365 Lyon Cedex 7</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Rhône-Alpes</region><settlement type="city">Lyon</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Helmer, Daniel" sort="Helmer, Daniel" uniqKey="Helmer D" first="Daniel" last="Helmer">Daniel Helmer</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratoire Archéorient (UMR 5133, CNRS, Université de Lyon 2), Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée - Jean Pouilloux, 7 rue Raulin, 69365 Lyon Cedex 7, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratoire Archéorient (UMR 5133, CNRS, Université de Lyon 2), Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée - Jean Pouilloux, 7 rue Raulin, 69365 Lyon Cedex 7</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Rhône-Alpes</region><settlement type="city">Lyon</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Le Mort, Francoise" sort="Le Mort, Francoise" uniqKey="Le Mort F" first="Françoise" last="Le Mort">Françoise Le Mort</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratoire Archéorient (UMR 5133, CNRS, Université de Lyon 2), Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée - Jean Pouilloux, 7 rue Raulin, 69365 Lyon Cedex 7, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratoire Archéorient (UMR 5133, CNRS, Université de Lyon 2), Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée - Jean Pouilloux, 7 rue Raulin, 69365 Lyon Cedex 7</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Rhône-Alpes</region><settlement type="city">Lyon</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Perrin, Pascale" sort="Perrin, Pascale" uniqKey="Perrin P" first="Pascale" last="Perrin">Pascale Perrin</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Université Montpellier 2 - MIVEGEC IRD/UR 224 - CNRS/UMR 5290, MIVEGEC - Centre IRD de Montpellier, 911 Avenue Agropolis, BP 64501, 34394 Montpellier Cedex 5, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Université Montpellier 2 - MIVEGEC IRD/UR 224 - CNRS/UMR 5290, MIVEGEC - Centre IRD de Montpellier, 911 Avenue Agropolis, BP 64501, 34394 Montpellier Cedex 5</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Occitanie (région administrative)</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Languedoc-Roussillon</region><settlement type="city">Montpellier</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gourichon, Lionel" sort="Gourichon, Lionel" uniqKey="Gourichon L" first="Lionel" last="Gourichon">Lionel Gourichon</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Cultures et Environnements Préhistoire, Antiquité, Moyen Âge (CEPAM, UMR 7264, CNRS Université Nice Sophia Antipolis), Pôle Universitaire Saint-Jean-d'Angély (SJA3), 24 Avenue des Diables Bleus, 06357 Nice Cedex 4, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Cultures et Environnements Préhistoire, Antiquité, Moyen Âge (CEPAM, UMR 7264, CNRS Université Nice Sophia Antipolis), Pôle Universitaire Saint-Jean-d'Angély (SJA3), 24 Avenue des Diables Bleus, 06357 Nice Cedex 4</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><settlement type="city">Nice</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dutailly, Bruno" sort="Dutailly, Bruno" uniqKey="Dutailly B" first="Bruno" last="Dutailly">Bruno Dutailly</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel: Culture, Environnement, Anthropologie (PACEA, UMR 5199, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication), Allée Geoffroy St Hilaire, CS 50023, 33615 Pessac Cedex, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel: Culture, Environnement, Anthropologie (PACEA, UMR 5199, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication), Allée Geoffroy St Hilaire, CS 50023, 33615 Pessac Cedex</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Nouvelle-Aquitaine</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Aquitaine</region><settlement type="city">Pessac</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Bordeaux</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Palfi, Gyorgy" sort="Palfi, Gyorgy" uniqKey="Palfi G" first="György" last="Pálfi">György Pálfi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Biological Anthropology, University of Szeged, Dugonics Ter, Szeged, Hungary.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Hongrie</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biological Anthropology, University of Szeged, Dugonics Ter, Szeged</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Szeged</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Coqueugniot, Helene" sort="Coqueugniot, Helene" uniqKey="Coqueugniot H" first="Hélène" last="Coqueugniot">Hélène Coqueugniot</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel: Culture, Environnement, Anthropologie (PACEA, UMR 5199, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication), Allée Geoffroy St Hilaire, CS 50023, 33615 Pessac Cedex, France; Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel: Culture, Environnement, Anthropologie (PACEA, UMR 5199, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication), Allée Geoffroy St Hilaire, CS 50023, 33615 Pessac Cedex, France; Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Saxe (Land)</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Leipzig</region><settlement type="city">Leipzig</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Bordeaux</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dutour, Olivier" sort="Dutour, Olivier" uniqKey="Dutour O" first="Olivier" last="Dutour">Olivier Dutour</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratoire d'Anthropologie biologique Paul Broca, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Paris, France; De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel: Culture, Environnement, Anthropologie (PACEA, UMR 5199, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication), Allée Geoffroy St Hilaire, CS 50023, 33615 Pessac Cedex, France; Department of Anthropology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada. Electronic address: olivier.dutour@ephe.sorbonne.fr.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratoire d'Anthropologie biologique Paul Broca, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Paris, France; De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel: Culture, Environnement, Anthropologie (PACEA, UMR 5199, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication), Allée Geoffroy St Hilaire, CS 50023, 33615 Pessac Cedex, France; Department of Anthropology, University of Western Ontario, London</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Bordeaux</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Marseille</settlement><region type="region" nuts="2">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region></placeName><orgName type="university" n="3">Université d'Aix-Marseille</orgName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Tuberculosis (Edinburgh, Scotland)</title><idno type="eISSN">1873-281X</idno><imprint><date when="2015" type="published">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult</term><term>Agriculture (history)</term><term>Animals</term><term>Animals, Domestic</term><term>Anthropology, Medical</term><term>Biomarkers (analysis)</term><term>Child</term><term>Child, Preschool</term><term>DNA, Bacterial (genetics)</term><term>History, Ancient</term><term>Humans</term><term>Infant</term><term>Lipids (analysis)</term><term>Mycobacterium tuberculosis (genetics)</term><term>Paleopathology</term><term>Syria</term><term>Tuberculosis, Osteoarticular (genetics)</term><term>Tuberculosis, Osteoarticular (history)</term><term>Young Adult</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="analysis" xml:lang="en"><term>Biomarkers</term><term>Lipids</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>DNA, Bacterial</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="geographic" xml:lang="en"><term>Syria</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</term><term>Tuberculosis, Osteoarticular</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="history" xml:lang="en"><term>Agriculture</term><term>Tuberculosis, Osteoarticular</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult</term><term>Animals</term><term>Animals, Domestic</term><term>Anthropology, Medical</term><term>Child</term><term>Child, Preschool</term><term>History, Ancient</term><term>Humans</term><term>Infant</term><term>Paleopathology</term><term>Young Adult</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The question of pre-neolithic tuberculosis is still open in paleopathological perspective. One of the major interests is to explore what type of infection could have existed around the early stage of animal domestication. Paleopathological lesions evoking skeletal TB were observed on five human skeletons coming from two PPNB sites in Syria, which belongs to the geographical cradle of agriculture. These sites represent respectively pre-domestication phase (Dja'de el Mughara, Northern Syria, 8800-8300 BCE cal.) and early domestication phase (Tell Aswad, Southern Syria, 8200-7600 BCE cal.). MicroCT scan analyses were performed on two specimens (one per site) and revealed microscopic changes in favor of TB infection. Detection of lipid biomarkers is positive for two specimens (one per site). Initial molecular analysis further indicates the presence of TB in one individual from Dja'de. Interestingly, no morphological evidence of TB was observed on animal remains of wild and newly domesticated species, discovered in these sites. These observations strongly suggest the presence of human tuberculosis before domestication and at its early stages.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">25819157</PMID><DateCreated><Year>2015</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>23</Day></DateCreated><DateCompleted><Year>2016</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>25</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2016</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>22</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1873-281X</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>95 Suppl 1</Volume><PubDate><Year>2015</Year><Month>Jun</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Tuberculosis (Edinburgh, Scotland)</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Tuberculosis (Edinb)</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Human tuberculosis predates domestication in ancient Syria.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>S4-S12</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1016/j.tube.2015.02.001</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">S1472-9792(15)00002-5</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>The question of pre-neolithic tuberculosis is still open in paleopathological perspective. One of the major interests is to explore what type of infection could have existed around the early stage of animal domestication. Paleopathological lesions evoking skeletal TB were observed on five human skeletons coming from two PPNB sites in Syria, which belongs to the geographical cradle of agriculture. These sites represent respectively pre-domestication phase (Dja'de el Mughara, Northern Syria, 8800-8300 BCE cal.) and early domestication phase (Tell Aswad, Southern Syria, 8200-7600 BCE cal.). MicroCT scan analyses were performed on two specimens (one per site) and revealed microscopic changes in favor of TB infection. Detection of lipid biomarkers is positive for two specimens (one per site). Initial molecular analysis further indicates the presence of TB in one individual from Dja'de. Interestingly, no morphological evidence of TB was observed on animal remains of wild and newly domesticated species, discovered in these sites. These observations strongly suggest the presence of human tuberculosis before domestication and at its early stages.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Baker</LastName><ForeName>Oussama</ForeName><Initials>O</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratoire d'Anthropologie biologique Paul Broca, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Paris, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lee</LastName><ForeName>Oona Y-C</ForeName><Initials>OY</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute of Microbiology and Infection, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT Birmingham, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wu</LastName><ForeName>Houdini H T</ForeName><Initials>HH</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute of Microbiology and Infection, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT Birmingham, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Besra</LastName><ForeName>Gurdyal S</ForeName><Initials>GS</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute of Microbiology and Infection, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT Birmingham, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Minnikin</LastName><ForeName>David E</ForeName><Initials>DE</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute of Microbiology and Infection, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT Birmingham, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Llewellyn</LastName><ForeName>Gareth</ForeName><Initials>G</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Mass Spectrometry Service Centre, School of Medicine, Grove Building, Swansea University, Swansea, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Williams</LastName><ForeName>Christopher M</ForeName><Initials>CM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Mass Spectrometry Service Centre, School of Medicine, Grove Building, Swansea University, Swansea, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Maixner</LastName><ForeName>Frank</ForeName><Initials>F</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute for Mummies and the Iceman, European Academy, Viale Druso, 1, 39100 Bolzano, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>O'Sullivan</LastName><ForeName>Niall</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute for Mummies and the Iceman, European Academy, Viale Druso, 1, 39100 Bolzano, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zink</LastName><ForeName>Albert</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute for Mummies and the Iceman, European Academy, Viale Druso, 1, 39100 Bolzano, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chamel</LastName><ForeName>Bérénice</ForeName><Initials>B</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratoire Archéorient (UMR 5133, CNRS, Université de Lyon 2), Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée - Jean Pouilloux, 7 rue Raulin, 69365 Lyon Cedex 7, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Khawam</LastName><ForeName>Rima</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratoire Archéorient (UMR 5133, CNRS, Université de Lyon 2), Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée - Jean Pouilloux, 7 rue Raulin, 69365 Lyon Cedex 7, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Coqueugniot</LastName><ForeName>Eric</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratoire Archéorient (UMR 5133, CNRS, Université de Lyon 2), Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée - Jean Pouilloux, 7 rue Raulin, 69365 Lyon Cedex 7, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Helmer</LastName><ForeName>Daniel</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratoire Archéorient (UMR 5133, CNRS, Université de Lyon 2), Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée - Jean Pouilloux, 7 rue Raulin, 69365 Lyon Cedex 7, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Le Mort</LastName><ForeName>Françoise</ForeName><Initials>F</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratoire Archéorient (UMR 5133, CNRS, Université de Lyon 2), Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée - Jean Pouilloux, 7 rue Raulin, 69365 Lyon Cedex 7, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Perrin</LastName><ForeName>Pascale</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Université Montpellier 2 - MIVEGEC IRD/UR 224 - CNRS/UMR 5290, MIVEGEC - Centre IRD de Montpellier, 911 Avenue Agropolis, BP 64501, 34394 Montpellier Cedex 5, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gourichon</LastName><ForeName>Lionel</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Cultures et Environnements Préhistoire, Antiquité, Moyen Âge (CEPAM, UMR 7264, CNRS Université Nice Sophia Antipolis), Pôle Universitaire Saint-Jean-d'Angély (SJA3), 24 Avenue des Diables Bleus, 06357 Nice Cedex 4, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Dutailly</LastName><ForeName>Bruno</ForeName><Initials>B</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel: Culture, Environnement, Anthropologie (PACEA, UMR 5199, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication), Allée Geoffroy St Hilaire, CS 50023, 33615 Pessac Cedex, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pálfi</LastName><ForeName>György</ForeName><Initials>G</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Biological Anthropology, University of Szeged, Dugonics Ter, Szeged, Hungary.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Coqueugniot</LastName><ForeName>Hélène</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel: Culture, Environnement, Anthropologie (PACEA, UMR 5199, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication), Allée Geoffroy St Hilaire, CS 50023, 33615 Pessac Cedex, France; Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Dutour</LastName><ForeName>Olivier</ForeName><Initials>O</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratoire d'Anthropologie biologique Paul Broca, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Paris, France; De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel: Culture, Environnement, Anthropologie (PACEA, UMR 5199, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication), Allée Geoffroy St Hilaire, CS 50023, 33615 Pessac Cedex, France; Department of Anthropology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada. Electronic address: olivier.dutour@ephe.sorbonne.fr.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><GrantList CompleteYN="Y"><Grant><GrantID>MR/K012118/1</GrantID><Agency>Medical Research Council</Agency><Country>United Kingdom</Country></Grant></GrantList><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016456">Historical Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2015</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>26</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Scotland</Country><MedlineTA>Tuberculosis (Edinb)</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>100971555</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1472-9792</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D015415">Biomarkers</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D004269">DNA, Bacterial</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D008055">Lipids</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000328" MajorTopicYN="N">Adult</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000383" MajorTopicYN="N">Agriculture</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000266" MajorTopicYN="N">history</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000818" MajorTopicYN="N">Animals</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000829" MajorTopicYN="N">Animals, Domestic</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D060432" MajorTopicYN="N">Anthropology, Medical</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015415" MajorTopicYN="N">Biomarkers</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000032" MajorTopicYN="N">analysis</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002648" MajorTopicYN="N">Child</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002675" MajorTopicYN="N">Child, Preschool</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D004269" MajorTopicYN="N">DNA, Bacterial</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D049690" MajorTopicYN="N">History, Ancient</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007223" MajorTopicYN="N">Infant</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008055" MajorTopicYN="N">Lipids</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000032" MajorTopicYN="N">analysis</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D009169" MajorTopicYN="N">Mycobacterium tuberculosis</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D010164" MajorTopicYN="N">Paleopathology</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D013593" MajorTopicYN="N" Type="Geographic">Syria</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014394" MajorTopicYN="N">Tuberculosis, Osteoarticular</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000266" MajorTopicYN="Y">history</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D055815" MajorTopicYN="N">Young Adult</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Agriculture cradle</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Ancient DNA</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Domestication</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Early neolithic</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Lipid biomarkers</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">PPNB</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Paleopathology of TB</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2015</Year><Month>3</Month><Day>31</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2015</Year><Month>3</Month><Day>31</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2016</Year><Month>3</Month><Day>26</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25819157</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">S1472-9792(15)00002-5</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1016/j.tube.2015.02.001</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed><affiliations><list><country><li>Allemagne</li><li>Canada</li><li>France</li><li>Hongrie</li><li>Italie</li><li>Royaume-Uni</li></country><region><li>Angleterre</li><li>Aquitaine</li><li>Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes</li><li>District de Leipzig</li><li>Grand Londres</li><li>Languedoc-Roussillon</li><li>Midlands de l'Ouest</li><li>Nouvelle-Aquitaine</li><li>Occitanie (région administrative)</li><li>Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</li><li>Rhône-Alpes</li><li>Saxe (Land)</li><li>Île-de-France</li></region><settlement><li>Birmingham</li><li>Leipzig</li><li>Londres</li><li>Lyon</li><li>Marseille</li><li>Montpellier</li><li>Nice</li><li>Paris</li><li>Pessac</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université d'Aix-Marseille</li><li>Université de Birmingham</li><li>Université de Bordeaux</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="France"><region name="Île-de-France"><name sortKey="Baker, Oussama" sort="Baker, Oussama" uniqKey="Baker O" first="Oussama" last="Baker">Oussama Baker</name></region><name sortKey="Chamel, Berenice" sort="Chamel, Berenice" uniqKey="Chamel B" first="Bérénice" last="Chamel">Bérénice Chamel</name><name sortKey="Coqueugniot, Eric" sort="Coqueugniot, Eric" uniqKey="Coqueugniot E" first="Eric" last="Coqueugniot">Eric Coqueugniot</name><name sortKey="Dutailly, Bruno" sort="Dutailly, Bruno" uniqKey="Dutailly B" first="Bruno" last="Dutailly">Bruno Dutailly</name><name sortKey="Gourichon, Lionel" sort="Gourichon, Lionel" uniqKey="Gourichon L" first="Lionel" last="Gourichon">Lionel Gourichon</name><name sortKey="Helmer, Daniel" sort="Helmer, Daniel" uniqKey="Helmer D" first="Daniel" last="Helmer">Daniel Helmer</name><name sortKey="Khawam, Rima" sort="Khawam, Rima" uniqKey="Khawam R" first="Rima" last="Khawam">Rima Khawam</name><name sortKey="Le Mort, Francoise" sort="Le Mort, Francoise" uniqKey="Le Mort F" first="Françoise" last="Le Mort">Françoise Le Mort</name><name sortKey="Perrin, Pascale" sort="Perrin, Pascale" uniqKey="Perrin P" first="Pascale" last="Perrin">Pascale Perrin</name></country><country name="Royaume-Uni"><region name="Angleterre"><name sortKey="Lee, Oona Y C" sort="Lee, Oona Y C" uniqKey="Lee O" first="Oona Y-C" last="Lee">Oona Y-C Lee</name></region><name sortKey="Besra, Gurdyal S" sort="Besra, Gurdyal S" uniqKey="Besra G" first="Gurdyal S" last="Besra">Gurdyal S. Besra</name><name sortKey="Llewellyn, Gareth" sort="Llewellyn, Gareth" uniqKey="Llewellyn G" first="Gareth" last="Llewellyn">Gareth Llewellyn</name><name sortKey="Minnikin, David E" sort="Minnikin, David E" uniqKey="Minnikin D" first="David E" last="Minnikin">David E. Minnikin</name><name sortKey="Williams, Christopher M" sort="Williams, Christopher M" uniqKey="Williams C" first="Christopher M" last="Williams">Christopher M. Williams</name><name sortKey="Wu, Houdini H T" sort="Wu, Houdini H T" uniqKey="Wu H" first="Houdini H T" last="Wu">Houdini H T. Wu</name></country><country name="Italie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Maixner, Frank" sort="Maixner, Frank" uniqKey="Maixner F" first="Frank" last="Maixner">Frank Maixner</name></noRegion><name sortKey="O Sullivan, Niall" sort="O Sullivan, Niall" uniqKey="O Sullivan N" first="Niall" last="O'Sullivan">Niall O'Sullivan</name><name sortKey="Zink, Albert" sort="Zink, Albert" uniqKey="Zink A" first="Albert" last="Zink">Albert Zink</name></country><country name="Hongrie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Palfi, Gyorgy" sort="Palfi, Gyorgy" uniqKey="Palfi G" first="György" last="Pálfi">György Pálfi</name></noRegion></country><country name="Allemagne"><region name="Saxe (Land)"><name sortKey="Coqueugniot, Helene" sort="Coqueugniot, Helene" uniqKey="Coqueugniot H" first="Hélène" last="Coqueugniot">Hélène Coqueugniot</name></region></country><country name="Canada"><region name="Angleterre"><name sortKey="Dutour, Olivier" sort="Dutour, Olivier" uniqKey="Dutour O" first="Olivier" last="Dutour">Olivier Dutour</name></region></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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