Overview of human tremor physiology.
Identifieur interne : 004378 ( PubMed/Checkpoint ); précédent : 004377; suivant : 004379Overview of human tremor physiology.
Auteurs : M. Hallett [États-Unis]Source :
- Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society [ 0885-3185 ] ; 1998.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- diagnosis : Tremor.
- methods : Electromyography.
- physiology : Biological Clocks, Muscle Spindles, Reflex, Stretch.
- Humans.
Abstract
The physiology differs in the many forms of human tremor. Tremors may derive from mechanical oscillations, mechanical reflex oscillations, normal central oscillators, and pathologic central oscillators. Methods of studying tremor include accelerometry and electromyography (EMG). An excellent method consists of accelerometry and EMG combined with spectral analysis and weighting of the body part, which allows separation of tremors coming from mechanical reflex and central oscillators. Physiologic tremor is a mechanical tremor with a possible contribution of the normal 8-12 Hz central oscillator; exaggerated physiologic tremor is a mechanical reflex tremor. Essential tremor (ET) comes from a central oscillator that can be easily influenced with sensory input. The classic rest tremor of Parkinson's disease (PD) comes from a central oscillator that seems less easily influenced with sensory input but can be affected by transcranial magnetic stimulation. Other tremors with central oscillators are palatal tremor and orthostatic tremor. Other tremors whose physiology involves central loops includes cerebellar tremor and cortical tremor. Neuropathic tremors may be a result of delays in peripheral loops, but central oscillators play a role in some.
PubMed: 9827594
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Hallett</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1428, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1428</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Maryland 20892-1428</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="1998">1998</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:9827594</idno><idno type="pmid">9827594</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">004332</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">004332</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">004378</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Overview of human tremor physiology.</title><author><name sortKey="Hallett, M" sort="Hallett, M" uniqKey="Hallett M" first="M" last="Hallett">M. Hallett</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1428, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1428</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Maryland 20892-1428</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society</title><idno type="ISSN">0885-3185</idno><imprint><date when="1998" type="published">1998</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Biological Clocks (physiology)</term><term>Electromyography (methods)</term><term>Humans</term><term>Muscle Spindles (physiology)</term><term>Reflex, Stretch (physiology)</term><term>Tremor (diagnosis)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="diagnosis" xml:lang="en"><term>Tremor</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="methods" xml:lang="en"><term>Electromyography</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Biological Clocks</term><term>Muscle Spindles</term><term>Reflex, Stretch</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Humans</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The physiology differs in the many forms of human tremor. Tremors may derive from mechanical oscillations, mechanical reflex oscillations, normal central oscillators, and pathologic central oscillators. Methods of studying tremor include accelerometry and electromyography (EMG). An excellent method consists of accelerometry and EMG combined with spectral analysis and weighting of the body part, which allows separation of tremors coming from mechanical reflex and central oscillators. Physiologic tremor is a mechanical tremor with a possible contribution of the normal 8-12 Hz central oscillator; exaggerated physiologic tremor is a mechanical reflex tremor. Essential tremor (ET) comes from a central oscillator that can be easily influenced with sensory input. The classic rest tremor of Parkinson's disease (PD) comes from a central oscillator that seems less easily influenced with sensory input but can be affected by transcranial magnetic stimulation. Other tremors with central oscillators are palatal tremor and orthostatic tremor. Other tremors whose physiology involves central loops includes cerebellar tremor and cortical tremor. Neuropathic tremors may be a result of delays in peripheral loops, but central oscillators play a role in some.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Owner="NLM" Status="MEDLINE"><PMID Version="1">9827594</PMID><DateCreated><Year>1999</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>22</Day></DateCreated><DateCompleted><Year>1999</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>22</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2005</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>16</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Print">0885-3185</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Print"><Volume>13 Suppl 3</Volume><PubDate><Year>1998</Year></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Mov. Disord.</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Overview of human tremor physiology.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>43-8</MedlinePgn></Pagination><Abstract><AbstractText>The physiology differs in the many forms of human tremor. Tremors may derive from mechanical oscillations, mechanical reflex oscillations, normal central oscillators, and pathologic central oscillators. Methods of studying tremor include accelerometry and electromyography (EMG). An excellent method consists of accelerometry and EMG combined with spectral analysis and weighting of the body part, which allows separation of tremors coming from mechanical reflex and central oscillators. Physiologic tremor is a mechanical tremor with a possible contribution of the normal 8-12 Hz central oscillator; exaggerated physiologic tremor is a mechanical reflex tremor. Essential tremor (ET) comes from a central oscillator that can be easily influenced with sensory input. The classic rest tremor of Parkinson's disease (PD) comes from a central oscillator that seems less easily influenced with sensory input but can be affected by transcranial magnetic stimulation. Other tremors with central oscillators are palatal tremor and orthostatic tremor. Other tremors whose physiology involves central loops includes cerebellar tremor and cortical tremor. Neuropathic tremors may be a result of delays in peripheral loops, but central oscillators play a role in some.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hallett</LastName><ForeName>M</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1428, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016454">Review</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>UNITED STATES</Country><MedlineTA>Mov Disord</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>8610688</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0885-3185</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N" UI="D001683">Biological Clocks</DescriptorName><QualifierName MajorTopicYN="Y" UI="Q000502">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N" UI="D004576">Electromyography</DescriptorName><QualifierName MajorTopicYN="N" UI="Q000379">methods</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N" UI="D006801">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N" UI="D009470">Muscle Spindles</DescriptorName><QualifierName MajorTopicYN="N" UI="Q000502">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N" UI="D012026">Reflex, Stretch</DescriptorName><QualifierName MajorTopicYN="Y" UI="Q000502">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N" UI="D014202">Tremor</DescriptorName><QualifierName MajorTopicYN="Y" UI="Q000175">diagnosis</QualifierName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><NumberOfReferences>19</NumberOfReferences></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>1998</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>25</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>1998</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>25</Day><Hour>0</Hour><Minute>1</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>1998</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>25</Day><Hour>0</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">9827594</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed><affiliations><list><country><li>États-Unis</li></country></list><tree><country name="États-Unis"><noRegion><name sortKey="Hallett, M" sort="Hallett, M" uniqKey="Hallett M" first="M" last="Hallett">M. 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