Somatosensory Evoked Potentials Recorded from the Human Pedunculopontine Nucleus Region
Identifieur interne : 000832 ( PascalFrancis/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000831; suivant : 000833Somatosensory Evoked Potentials Recorded from the Human Pedunculopontine Nucleus Region
Auteurs : I-Jin Yeh [Canada, Taïwan] ; Eric W. Tsang [Canada] ; Clement Hamani [Canada] ; Elena Moro [Canada] ; Filomena Mazzella [Canada] ; Yu-Yan Poon [Canada] ; Andres M. Lozano [Canada] ; Robert Chen [Canada]Source :
- Movement disorders [ 0885-3185 ] ; 2010.
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- Pascal (Inist)
- Wicri :
- topic : Homme.
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Abstract
The pedunculopontine nucleus region (PPNR) is an integral component of the midbrain locomotor region and has widespread connections with the cortex, thalamus, brain stem, cerebellum, spinal cord, and especially, the basal ganglia. No previous study examined the somatosensory connection of the PPNR in human. We recorded somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) from median nerve stimulation through deep brain stimulation (DBS) electrodes implanted in the PPNR in 8 patients (6 with Parkinson's disease, 2 with progressive supranuclear palsy). Monopolar recordings from the PPNR contacts showed triphasic or biphasic potentials. The latency of the largest negative peak was between 16.8 and 18.7 milliseconds. Bipolar derivation revealed phase reversal with median nerve stimulation contralateral to the DBS electrode in 6 patients. There was no difference in SEP amplitude and latency between on and off medication states. We also studied the high frequency oscillations (HFOs) by filtering the signal between 500 and 2,500 Hz. The HFOs could be identified only from contralateral stimulation and had intraburst frequencies of 1061 ± 121 Hz, onset latencies of 13.8 ± 1.2 milliseconds, and burst durations of 7.3 + 1.1 milliseconds. Among the 10 recordings with HFOs, only 1 had possible phase reversal in the bipolar derivation. Our results suggest that there are direct somatosensory inputs to the PPNR. The slow components and HFOs of the SEP have different origins.
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en" level="a">Somatosensory Evoked Potentials Recorded from the Human Pedunculopontine Nucleus Region</title><author><name sortKey="Yeh, I Jin" sort="Yeh, I Jin" uniqKey="Yeh I" first="I-Jin" last="Yeh">I-Jin Yeh</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Toronto Western Research Institute, University Health Network</s1><s2>Toronto, Ontario</s2><s3>CAN</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Canada</country><wicri:noRegion>Toronto, Ontario</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto</s1><s2>Toronto, Ontario</s2><s3>CAN</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Canada</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Toronto</settlement><region type="state">Ontario</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Toronto</orgName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>Department of Neurology, Songde Branch, Taipei City Hospital</s1><s2>Taipei</s2><s3>TWN</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Taïwan</country><wicri:noRegion>Taipei</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tsang, Eric W" sort="Tsang, Eric W" uniqKey="Tsang E" first="Eric W." last="Tsang">Eric W. 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Lozano</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Toronto Western Research Institute, University Health Network</s1><s2>Toronto, Ontario</s2><s3>CAN</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Canada</country><wicri:noRegion>Toronto, Ontario</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto</s1><s2>Toronto, Ontario</s2><s3>CAN</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Canada</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Toronto</settlement><region type="state">Ontario</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Toronto</orgName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto</s1><s2>Toronto, Ontario</s2><s3>CAN</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Canada</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Toronto</settlement><region type="state">Ontario</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Toronto</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, Robert" sort="Chen, Robert" uniqKey="Chen R" first="Robert" last="Chen">Robert Chen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Toronto Western Research Institute, University Health Network</s1><s2>Toronto, Ontario</s2><s3>CAN</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Canada</country><wicri:noRegion>Toronto, Ontario</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto</s1><s2>Toronto, Ontario</s2><s3>CAN</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Canada</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Toronto</settlement><region type="state">Ontario</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Toronto</orgName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto</s1><s2>Toronto, Ontario</s2><s3>CAN</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Canada</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Toronto</settlement><region type="state">Ontario</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Toronto</orgName></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">INIST</idno><idno type="inist">10-0474319</idno><date when="2010">2010</date><idno type="stanalyst">PASCAL 10-0474319 INIST</idno><idno type="RBID">Pascal:10-0474319</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Corpus">000896</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Curation">002423</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Checkpoint">000832</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a">Somatosensory Evoked Potentials Recorded from the Human Pedunculopontine Nucleus Region</title><author><name sortKey="Yeh, I Jin" sort="Yeh, I Jin" uniqKey="Yeh I" first="I-Jin" last="Yeh">I-Jin Yeh</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Toronto Western Research Institute, University Health Network</s1><s2>Toronto, Ontario</s2><s3>CAN</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Canada</country><wicri:noRegion>Toronto, Ontario</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto</s1><s2>Toronto, Ontario</s2><s3>CAN</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Canada</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Toronto</settlement><region type="state">Ontario</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Toronto</orgName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>Department of Neurology, Songde Branch, Taipei City Hospital</s1><s2>Taipei</s2><s3>TWN</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Taïwan</country><wicri:noRegion>Taipei</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tsang, Eric W" sort="Tsang, Eric W" uniqKey="Tsang E" first="Eric W." last="Tsang">Eric W. Tsang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Toronto Western Research Institute, University Health Network</s1><s2>Toronto, Ontario</s2><s3>CAN</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Canada</country><wicri:noRegion>Toronto, Ontario</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto</s1><s2>Toronto, Ontario</s2><s3>CAN</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Canada</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Toronto</settlement><region type="state">Ontario</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Toronto</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hamani, Clement" sort="Hamani, Clement" uniqKey="Hamani C" first="Clement" last="Hamani">Clement Hamani</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Toronto Western Research Institute, University Health Network</s1><s2>Toronto, Ontario</s2><s3>CAN</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Canada</country><wicri:noRegion>Toronto, Ontario</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto</s1><s2>Toronto, Ontario</s2><s3>CAN</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Canada</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Toronto</settlement><region type="state">Ontario</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Toronto</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Moro, Elena" sort="Moro, Elena" uniqKey="Moro E" first="Elena" last="Moro">Elena Moro</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Toronto Western Research Institute, University Health Network</s1><s2>Toronto, Ontario</s2><s3>CAN</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Canada</country><wicri:noRegion>Toronto, Ontario</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto</s1><s2>Toronto, Ontario</s2><s3>CAN</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Canada</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Toronto</settlement><region type="state">Ontario</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Toronto</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mazzella, Filomena" sort="Mazzella, Filomena" uniqKey="Mazzella F" first="Filomena" last="Mazzella">Filomena Mazzella</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Toronto Western Research Institute, University Health Network</s1><s2>Toronto, Ontario</s2><s3>CAN</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Canada</country><wicri:noRegion>Toronto, Ontario</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Poon, Yu Yan" sort="Poon, Yu Yan" uniqKey="Poon Y" first="Yu-Yan" last="Poon">Yu-Yan Poon</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Toronto Western Research Institute, University Health Network</s1><s2>Toronto, Ontario</s2><s3>CAN</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Canada</country><wicri:noRegion>Toronto, Ontario</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lozano, Andres M" sort="Lozano, Andres M" uniqKey="Lozano A" first="Andres M." last="Lozano">Andres M. Lozano</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Toronto Western Research Institute, University Health Network</s1><s2>Toronto, Ontario</s2><s3>CAN</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Canada</country><wicri:noRegion>Toronto, Ontario</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto</s1><s2>Toronto, Ontario</s2><s3>CAN</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Canada</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Toronto</settlement><region type="state">Ontario</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Toronto</orgName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto</s1><s2>Toronto, Ontario</s2><s3>CAN</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Canada</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Toronto</settlement><region type="state">Ontario</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Toronto</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, Robert" sort="Chen, Robert" uniqKey="Chen R" first="Robert" last="Chen">Robert Chen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Toronto Western Research Institute, University Health Network</s1><s2>Toronto, Ontario</s2><s3>CAN</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Canada</country><wicri:noRegion>Toronto, Ontario</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto</s1><s2>Toronto, Ontario</s2><s3>CAN</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Canada</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Toronto</settlement><region type="state">Ontario</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Toronto</orgName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto</s1><s2>Toronto, Ontario</s2><s3>CAN</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Canada</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Toronto</settlement><region type="state">Ontario</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Toronto</orgName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j" type="main">Movement disorders</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">Mov. disord.</title><idno type="ISSN">0885-3185</idno><imprint><date when="2010">2010</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><title level="j" type="main">Movement disorders</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">Mov. disord.</title><idno type="ISSN">0885-3185</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Deep brain stimulation</term><term>High frequency</term><term>Human</term><term>Nervous system diseases</term><term>Oscillation</term><term>Parkinson disease</term><term>Somatosensory evoked potential</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr"><term>Maladie de Parkinson</term><term>Pathologie du système nerveux</term><term>Potentiel évoqué somatosensoriel</term><term>Homme</term><term>Haute fréquence</term><term>Oscillation</term><term>Stimulation cérébrale profonde</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="topic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Homme</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The pedunculopontine nucleus region (PPNR) is an integral component of the midbrain locomotor region and has widespread connections with the cortex, thalamus, brain stem, cerebellum, spinal cord, and especially, the basal ganglia. No previous study examined the somatosensory connection of the PPNR in human. We recorded somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) from median nerve stimulation through deep brain stimulation (DBS) electrodes implanted in the PPNR in 8 patients (6 with Parkinson's disease, 2 with progressive supranuclear palsy). Monopolar recordings from the PPNR contacts showed triphasic or biphasic potentials. The latency of the largest negative peak was between 16.8 and 18.7 milliseconds. Bipolar derivation revealed phase reversal with median nerve stimulation contralateral to the DBS electrode in 6 patients. There was no difference in SEP amplitude and latency between on and off medication states. We also studied the high frequency oscillations (HFOs) by filtering the signal between 500 and 2,500 Hz. The HFOs could be identified only from contralateral stimulation and had intraburst frequencies of 1061 ± 121 Hz, onset latencies of 13.8 ± 1.2 milliseconds, and burst durations of 7.3 + 1.1 milliseconds. Among the 10 recordings with HFOs, only 1 had possible phase reversal in the bipolar derivation. Our results suggest that there are direct somatosensory inputs to the PPNR. The slow components and HFOs of the SEP have different origins.</div></front></TEI><inist><standard h6="B"><pA><fA01 i1="01" i2="1"><s0>0885-3185</s0></fA01><fA03 i2="1"><s0>Mov. disord.</s0></fA03><fA05><s2>25</s2></fA05><fA06><s2>13</s2></fA06><fA08 i1="01" i2="1" l="ENG"><s1>Somatosensory Evoked Potentials Recorded from the Human Pedunculopontine Nucleus Region</s1></fA08><fA11 i1="01" i2="1"><s1>YEH (I-Jin)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="02" i2="1"><s1>TSANG (Eric W.)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="03" i2="1"><s1>HAMANI (Clement)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="04" i2="1"><s1>MORO (Elena)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="05" i2="1"><s1>MAZZELLA (Filomena)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="06" i2="1"><s1>POON (Yu-Yan)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="07" i2="1"><s1>LOZANO (Andres M.)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="08" i2="1"><s1>CHEN (Robert)</s1></fA11><fA14 i1="01"><s1>Toronto Western Research Institute, University Health Network</s1><s2>Toronto, Ontario</s2><s3>CAN</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="02"><s1>Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto</s1><s2>Toronto, Ontario</s2><s3>CAN</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="03"><s1>Department of Neurology, Songde Branch, Taipei City Hospital</s1><s2>Taipei</s2><s3>TWN</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="04"><s1>Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto</s1><s2>Toronto, Ontario</s2><s3>CAN</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="05"><s1>Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto</s1><s2>Toronto, Ontario</s2><s3>CAN</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA20><s1>2076-2083</s1></fA20><fA21><s1>2010</s1></fA21><fA23 i1="01"><s0>ENG</s0></fA23><fA43 i1="01"><s1>INIST</s1><s2>20953</s2><s5>354000193258110100</s5></fA43><fA44><s0>0000</s0><s1>© 2010 INIST-CNRS. All rights reserved.</s1></fA44><fA45><s0>55 ref.</s0></fA45><fA47 i1="01" i2="1"><s0>10-0474319</s0></fA47><fA60><s1>P</s1></fA60><fA61><s0>A</s0></fA61><fA64 i1="01" i2="1"><s0>Movement disorders</s0></fA64><fA66 i1="01"><s0>USA</s0></fA66><fC01 i1="01" l="ENG"><s0>The pedunculopontine nucleus region (PPNR) is an integral component of the midbrain locomotor region and has widespread connections with the cortex, thalamus, brain stem, cerebellum, spinal cord, and especially, the basal ganglia. No previous study examined the somatosensory connection of the PPNR in human. We recorded somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) from median nerve stimulation through deep brain stimulation (DBS) electrodes implanted in the PPNR in 8 patients (6 with Parkinson's disease, 2 with progressive supranuclear palsy). Monopolar recordings from the PPNR contacts showed triphasic or biphasic potentials. The latency of the largest negative peak was between 16.8 and 18.7 milliseconds. Bipolar derivation revealed phase reversal with median nerve stimulation contralateral to the DBS electrode in 6 patients. There was no difference in SEP amplitude and latency between on and off medication states. We also studied the high frequency oscillations (HFOs) by filtering the signal between 500 and 2,500 Hz. The HFOs could be identified only from contralateral stimulation and had intraburst frequencies of 1061 ± 121 Hz, onset latencies of 13.8 ± 1.2 milliseconds, and burst durations of 7.3 + 1.1 milliseconds. Among the 10 recordings with HFOs, only 1 had possible phase reversal in the bipolar derivation. Our results suggest that there are direct somatosensory inputs to the PPNR. The slow components and HFOs of the SEP have different origins.</s0></fC01><fC02 i1="01" i2="X"><s0>002B17</s0></fC02><fC02 i1="02" i2="X"><s0>002B24D02</s0></fC02><fC03 i1="01" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Maladie de Parkinson</s0><s2>NM</s2><s5>01</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="01" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Parkinson disease</s0><s2>NM</s2><s5>01</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="01" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Parkinson enfermedad</s0><s2>NM</s2><s5>01</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="02" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Pathologie du système nerveux</s0><s5>02</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="02" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Nervous system diseases</s0><s5>02</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="02" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Sistema nervioso patología</s0><s5>02</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="03" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Potentiel évoqué somatosensoriel</s0><s5>09</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="03" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Somatosensory evoked potential</s0><s5>09</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="03" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Potencial evocado somatosensorial</s0><s5>09</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="04" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Homme</s0><s5>10</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="04" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Human</s0><s5>10</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="04" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Hombre</s0><s5>10</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="05" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Haute fréquence</s0><s5>11</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="05" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>High frequency</s0><s5>11</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="05" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Alta frecuencia</s0><s5>11</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="06" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Oscillation</s0><s5>12</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="06" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Oscillation</s0><s5>12</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="06" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Oscilación</s0><s5>12</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="07" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Stimulation cérébrale profonde</s0><s4>CD</s4><s5>96</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="07" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Deep brain stimulation</s0><s4>CD</s4><s5>96</s5></fC03><fC07 i1="01" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Electrophysiologie</s0><s5>37</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="01" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Electrophysiology</s0><s5>37</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="01" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Electrofisiología</s0><s5>37</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="02" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Pathologie de l'encéphale</s0><s5>38</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="02" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Cerebral disorder</s0><s5>38</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="02" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Encéfalo patología</s0><s5>38</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="03" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Syndrome extrapyramidal</s0><s5>39</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="03" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Extrapyramidal syndrome</s0><s5>39</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="03" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Extrapiramidal síndrome</s0><s5>39</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="04" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Maladie dégénérative</s0><s5>40</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="04" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Degenerative disease</s0><s5>40</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="04" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Enfermedad degenerativa</s0><s5>40</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="05" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Pathologie du système nerveux central</s0><s5>41</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="05" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Central nervous system disease</s0><s5>41</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="05" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Sistema nervosio central patología</s0><s5>41</s5></fC07><fN21><s1>312</s1></fN21><fN44 i1="01"><s1>OTO</s1></fN44><fN82><s1>OTO</s1></fN82></pA></standard></inist><affiliations><list><country><li>Canada</li><li>Taïwan</li></country><region><li>Ontario</li></region><settlement><li>Toronto</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université de Toronto</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="Canada"><noRegion><name sortKey="Yeh, I Jin" sort="Yeh, I Jin" uniqKey="Yeh I" first="I-Jin" last="Yeh">I-Jin Yeh</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Chen, Robert" sort="Chen, Robert" uniqKey="Chen R" first="Robert" last="Chen">Robert Chen</name><name sortKey="Chen, Robert" sort="Chen, Robert" uniqKey="Chen R" first="Robert" last="Chen">Robert Chen</name><name sortKey="Chen, Robert" sort="Chen, Robert" uniqKey="Chen R" first="Robert" last="Chen">Robert Chen</name><name sortKey="Hamani, Clement" sort="Hamani, Clement" uniqKey="Hamani C" first="Clement" last="Hamani">Clement Hamani</name><name sortKey="Hamani, Clement" sort="Hamani, Clement" uniqKey="Hamani C" first="Clement" last="Hamani">Clement Hamani</name><name sortKey="Lozano, Andres M" sort="Lozano, Andres M" uniqKey="Lozano A" first="Andres M." last="Lozano">Andres M. Lozano</name><name sortKey="Lozano, Andres M" sort="Lozano, Andres M" uniqKey="Lozano A" first="Andres M." last="Lozano">Andres M. Lozano</name><name sortKey="Lozano, Andres M" sort="Lozano, Andres M" uniqKey="Lozano A" first="Andres M." last="Lozano">Andres M. Lozano</name><name sortKey="Mazzella, Filomena" sort="Mazzella, Filomena" uniqKey="Mazzella F" first="Filomena" last="Mazzella">Filomena Mazzella</name><name sortKey="Moro, Elena" sort="Moro, Elena" uniqKey="Moro E" first="Elena" last="Moro">Elena Moro</name><name sortKey="Moro, Elena" sort="Moro, Elena" uniqKey="Moro E" first="Elena" last="Moro">Elena Moro</name><name sortKey="Poon, Yu Yan" sort="Poon, Yu Yan" uniqKey="Poon Y" first="Yu-Yan" last="Poon">Yu-Yan Poon</name><name sortKey="Tsang, Eric W" sort="Tsang, Eric W" uniqKey="Tsang E" first="Eric W." last="Tsang">Eric W. Tsang</name><name sortKey="Tsang, Eric W" sort="Tsang, Eric W" uniqKey="Tsang E" first="Eric W." last="Tsang">Eric W. Tsang</name><name sortKey="Yeh, I Jin" sort="Yeh, I Jin" uniqKey="Yeh I" first="I-Jin" last="Yeh">I-Jin Yeh</name></country><country name="Taïwan"><noRegion><name sortKey="Yeh, I Jin" sort="Yeh, I Jin" uniqKey="Yeh I" first="I-Jin" last="Yeh">I-Jin Yeh</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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