Detection of antibodies against botulinum toxins.
Identifieur interne : 000D76 ( Ncbi/Merge ); précédent : 000D75; suivant : 000D77Detection of antibodies against botulinum toxins.
Auteurs : Dorothea Sesardic [Royaume-Uni] ; Russell G A. Jones ; Tong Leung ; Toni Alsop ; Robert TierneySource :
- Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society [ 0885-3185 ] ; 2004.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Animals, Antibodies (analysis), Botulinum Antitoxin (biosynthesis), Botulinum Antitoxin (immunology), Botulinum Toxins (immunology), Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic, Endopeptidases (metabolism), Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (methods), Humans, Immunization (methods), Immunoassay (methods), In Vitro Techniques, Muscular Diseases (prevention & control), Paralysis (prevention & control).
- MESH :
- chemical , analysis : Antibodies.
- chemical , biosynthesis : Botulinum Antitoxin.
- chemical , immunology : Botulinum Antitoxin, Botulinum Toxins.
- chemical , metabolism : Endopeptidases.
- methods : Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Immunization, Immunoassay.
- prevention & control : Muscular Diseases, Paralysis.
- Animals, Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic, Humans, In Vitro Techniques.
Abstract
After immunisation with botulinum vaccine, antibodies to multiple epitopes are produced. Only some of these will have the capacity to neutralise the toxin activity. In fact, the ability of toxoid vaccine to induce toxin neutralising antibodies has provided the basis for the use of therapeutic antitoxins and immunoglobulins for the prophylaxis and treatment of diseases caused by bacterial toxins. Increasing indications for the chronic use of botulinum toxin for therapy have inevitably resulted in concern for patients becoming unresponsive because of the presence of circulating toxin-specific antibodies. Highly sensitive and relevant assays to detect only clinically relevant toxin neutralising antibodies are essential. Although immunoassays often provide the sensitivity, their relevance and specificity is often questioned. The mouse protection LD(50) bioassay is considered most relevant but can often only detect 10 mIU/ml of antitoxin. This sensitivity, although sufficient for confirming protective immunity, is inadequate for patients undergoing toxin therapy. An intramuscular paralysis assay improves the sensitivity to ca. 1 mIU/ml, and a mouse ex vivo diaphragm assay, with sensitivity of < 0.5 mIU/ml, is the most sensitive functional assay to date for this purpose. Alternative approaches for the detection of antibodies to botulinum toxin have included in vitro endopeptidase activity neutralisation. Unlike any other functional assay, this approach is not reliant on serotype-specific antibodies for specificity. Most recent promising developments are focused on cellular assays utilising primary rat embryonic cord cells or more conveniently in vitro differentiated established cell lines such as human neuroblastoma cells.
DOI: 10.1002/mds.20021
PubMed: 15027059
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Detection of antibodies against botulinum toxins.</title><author><name sortKey="Sesardic, Dorothea" sort="Sesardic, Dorothea" uniqKey="Sesardic D" first="Dorothea" last="Sesardic">Dorothea Sesardic</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Bacteriology, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Potters Bar, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom. dsesardic@nibsc.ac.uk</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Bacteriology, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Potters Bar, Hertfordshire</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Hertfordshire</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jones, Russell G A" sort="Jones, Russell G A" uniqKey="Jones R" first="Russell G A" last="Jones">Russell G A. Jones</name></author><author><name sortKey="Leung, Tong" sort="Leung, Tong" uniqKey="Leung T" first="Tong" last="Leung">Tong Leung</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alsop, Toni" sort="Alsop, Toni" uniqKey="Alsop T" first="Toni" last="Alsop">Toni Alsop</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tierney, Robert" sort="Tierney, Robert" uniqKey="Tierney R" first="Robert" last="Tierney">Robert Tierney</name></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2004">2004</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:15027059</idno><idno type="pmid">15027059</idno><idno type="doi">10.1002/mds.20021</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">003508</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">003508</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">003499</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">000D76</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Detection of antibodies against botulinum toxins.</title><author><name sortKey="Sesardic, Dorothea" sort="Sesardic, Dorothea" uniqKey="Sesardic D" first="Dorothea" last="Sesardic">Dorothea Sesardic</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Division of Bacteriology, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Potters Bar, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom. dsesardic@nibsc.ac.uk</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Bacteriology, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Potters Bar, Hertfordshire</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Hertfordshire</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jones, Russell G A" sort="Jones, Russell G A" uniqKey="Jones R" first="Russell G A" last="Jones">Russell G A. Jones</name></author><author><name sortKey="Leung, Tong" sort="Leung, Tong" uniqKey="Leung T" first="Tong" last="Leung">Tong Leung</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alsop, Toni" sort="Alsop, Toni" uniqKey="Alsop T" first="Toni" last="Alsop">Toni Alsop</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tierney, Robert" sort="Tierney, Robert" uniqKey="Tierney R" first="Robert" last="Tierney">Robert Tierney</name></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society</title><idno type="ISSN">0885-3185</idno><imprint><date when="2004" type="published">2004</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term><term>Antibodies (analysis)</term><term>Botulinum Antitoxin (biosynthesis)</term><term>Botulinum Antitoxin (immunology)</term><term>Botulinum Toxins (immunology)</term><term>Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic</term><term>Endopeptidases (metabolism)</term><term>Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (methods)</term><term>Humans</term><term>Immunization (methods)</term><term>Immunoassay (methods)</term><term>In Vitro Techniques</term><term>Muscular Diseases (prevention & control)</term><term>Paralysis (prevention & control)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="analysis" xml:lang="en"><term>Antibodies</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="biosynthesis" xml:lang="en"><term>Botulinum Antitoxin</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="immunology" xml:lang="en"><term>Botulinum Antitoxin</term><term>Botulinum Toxins</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en"><term>Endopeptidases</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="methods" xml:lang="en"><term>Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay</term><term>Immunization</term><term>Immunoassay</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="prevention & control" xml:lang="en"><term>Muscular Diseases</term><term>Paralysis</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term><term>Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic</term><term>Humans</term><term>In Vitro Techniques</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">After immunisation with botulinum vaccine, antibodies to multiple epitopes are produced. Only some of these will have the capacity to neutralise the toxin activity. In fact, the ability of toxoid vaccine to induce toxin neutralising antibodies has provided the basis for the use of therapeutic antitoxins and immunoglobulins for the prophylaxis and treatment of diseases caused by bacterial toxins. Increasing indications for the chronic use of botulinum toxin for therapy have inevitably resulted in concern for patients becoming unresponsive because of the presence of circulating toxin-specific antibodies. Highly sensitive and relevant assays to detect only clinically relevant toxin neutralising antibodies are essential. Although immunoassays often provide the sensitivity, their relevance and specificity is often questioned. The mouse protection LD(50) bioassay is considered most relevant but can often only detect 10 mIU/ml of antitoxin. This sensitivity, although sufficient for confirming protective immunity, is inadequate for patients undergoing toxin therapy. An intramuscular paralysis assay improves the sensitivity to ca. 1 mIU/ml, and a mouse ex vivo diaphragm assay, with sensitivity of < 0.5 mIU/ml, is the most sensitive functional assay to date for this purpose. Alternative approaches for the detection of antibodies to botulinum toxin have included in vitro endopeptidase activity neutralisation. Unlike any other functional assay, this approach is not reliant on serotype-specific antibodies for specificity. Most recent promising developments are focused on cellular assays utilising primary rat embryonic cord cells or more conveniently in vitro differentiated established cell lines such as human neuroblastoma cells.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Owner="NLM" Status="MEDLINE"><PMID Version="1">15027059</PMID><DateCreated><Year>2004</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>17</Day></DateCreated><DateCompleted><Year>2004</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>15</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2014</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>20</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Print">0885-3185</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Print"><Volume>19 Suppl 8</Volume><PubDate><Year>2004</Year><Month>Mar</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Mov. Disord.</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Detection of antibodies against botulinum toxins.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>S85-91</MedlinePgn></Pagination><Abstract><AbstractText>After immunisation with botulinum vaccine, antibodies to multiple epitopes are produced. Only some of these will have the capacity to neutralise the toxin activity. In fact, the ability of toxoid vaccine to induce toxin neutralising antibodies has provided the basis for the use of therapeutic antitoxins and immunoglobulins for the prophylaxis and treatment of diseases caused by bacterial toxins. Increasing indications for the chronic use of botulinum toxin for therapy have inevitably resulted in concern for patients becoming unresponsive because of the presence of circulating toxin-specific antibodies. Highly sensitive and relevant assays to detect only clinically relevant toxin neutralising antibodies are essential. Although immunoassays often provide the sensitivity, their relevance and specificity is often questioned. The mouse protection LD(50) bioassay is considered most relevant but can often only detect 10 mIU/ml of antitoxin. This sensitivity, although sufficient for confirming protective immunity, is inadequate for patients undergoing toxin therapy. An intramuscular paralysis assay improves the sensitivity to ca. 1 mIU/ml, and a mouse ex vivo diaphragm assay, with sensitivity of < 0.5 mIU/ml, is the most sensitive functional assay to date for this purpose. Alternative approaches for the detection of antibodies to botulinum toxin have included in vitro endopeptidase activity neutralisation. Unlike any other functional assay, this approach is not reliant on serotype-specific antibodies for specificity. Most recent promising developments are focused on cellular assays utilising primary rat embryonic cord cells or more conveniently in vitro differentiated established cell lines such as human neuroblastoma cells.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright 2004 Movement Disorder Society</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sesardic</LastName><ForeName>Dorothea</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Bacteriology, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Potters Bar, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom. dsesardic@nibsc.ac.uk</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jones</LastName><ForeName>Russell G A</ForeName><Initials>RG</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Leung</LastName><ForeName>Tong</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Alsop</LastName><ForeName>Toni</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tierney</LastName><ForeName>Robert</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D003160">Comparative Study</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016454">Review</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>Mov Disord</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>8610688</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0885-3185</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D000906">Antibodies</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D001904">Botulinum Antitoxin</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>EC 3.4.-</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D010450">Endopeptidases</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>EC 3.4.24.69</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D001905">Botulinum Toxins</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N" UI="D000818">Animals</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N" UI="D000906">Antibodies</DescriptorName><QualifierName MajorTopicYN="Y" UI="Q000032">analysis</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N" UI="D001904">Botulinum Antitoxin</DescriptorName><QualifierName MajorTopicYN="N" UI="Q000096">biosynthesis</QualifierName><QualifierName MajorTopicYN="N" UI="Q000276">immunology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N" UI="D001905">Botulinum Toxins</DescriptorName><QualifierName MajorTopicYN="Y" UI="Q000276">immunology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N" UI="D004306">Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N" UI="D010450">Endopeptidases</DescriptorName><QualifierName MajorTopicYN="N" UI="Q000378">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N" UI="D004797">Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay</DescriptorName><QualifierName MajorTopicYN="N" UI="Q000379">methods</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N" UI="D006801">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N" UI="D007114">Immunization</DescriptorName><QualifierName MajorTopicYN="N" UI="Q000379">methods</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N" UI="D007118">Immunoassay</DescriptorName><QualifierName MajorTopicYN="N" UI="Q000379">methods</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N" UI="D066298">In Vitro Techniques</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N" UI="D009135">Muscular Diseases</DescriptorName><QualifierName MajorTopicYN="N" UI="Q000517">prevention & control</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName MajorTopicYN="N" UI="D010243">Paralysis</DescriptorName><QualifierName MajorTopicYN="N" UI="Q000517">prevention & control</QualifierName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><NumberOfReferences>66</NumberOfReferences></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2004</Year><Month>3</Month><Day>18</Day><Hour>5</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2004</Year><Month>6</Month><Day>16</Day><Hour>5</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2004</Year><Month>3</Month><Day>18</Day><Hour>5</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">15027059</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1002/mds.20021</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed><affiliations><list><country><li>Royaume-Uni</li></country></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Alsop, Toni" sort="Alsop, Toni" uniqKey="Alsop T" first="Toni" last="Alsop">Toni Alsop</name><name sortKey="Jones, Russell G A" sort="Jones, Russell G A" uniqKey="Jones R" first="Russell G A" last="Jones">Russell G A. Jones</name><name sortKey="Leung, Tong" sort="Leung, Tong" uniqKey="Leung T" first="Tong" last="Leung">Tong Leung</name><name sortKey="Tierney, Robert" sort="Tierney, Robert" uniqKey="Tierney R" first="Robert" last="Tierney">Robert Tierney</name></noCountry><country name="Royaume-Uni"><noRegion><name sortKey="Sesardic, Dorothea" sort="Sesardic, Dorothea" uniqKey="Sesardic D" first="Dorothea" last="Sesardic">Dorothea Sesardic</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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