Substance abuse and movement disorders.
Identifieur interne : 002E01 ( Ncbi/Curation ); précédent : 002E00; suivant : 002E02Substance abuse and movement disorders.
Auteurs : John C M. Brust [États-Unis]Source :
- Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society [ 1531-8257 ] ; 2010.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- complications : Substance-Related Disorders.
- etiology : Movement Disorders.
- Humans.
Abstract
An array of movement disorders is associated with ethanol, illicit drugs, and tobacco. Heavy ethanol users experience withdrawal tremor and, less often, withdrawal parkinsonism, chorea, and myoclonus. Asterixis is a feature of hepatic failure. On the other hand, ethanol can ameliorate essential tremor and myoclonus-dystonia. Among opioid drugs, meperidine can precipitate myoclonus. Severe parkinsonism affected users of a synthetic meperidine analog contaminated with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine. Spongiform leukoencephalopathy, sometimes with chorea and myoclonus, occurred in inhalers of heroin vapor (chasing the dragon). Psychostimulants including cocaine acutely cause stereotypies and dyskinesias. Phencyclidine toxicity causes myoclonus. Tobacco use, on the other hand, protects against Parkinson's disease. Clinicians need to consider substance abuse in patients with unexplained movement disorders.
DOI: 10.1002/mds.22599
PubMed: 20721928
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pubmed:20721928Le document en format XML
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