Treatment with botulinum neurotoxin of gastrointestinal smooth muscles and sphincters spasms.
Identifieur interne : 000D85 ( Ncbi/Curation ); précédent : 000D84; suivant : 000D86Treatment with botulinum neurotoxin of gastrointestinal smooth muscles and sphincters spasms.
Auteurs : Giuseppe Brisinda [Italie] ; Anna Rita Bentivoglio ; Giorgio Maria ; Alberto AlbaneseSource :
- Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society [ 0885-3185 ] ; 2004.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Anti-Dyskinesia Agents (therapeutic use), Botulinum Toxins (therapeutic use), Enteric Nervous System (drug effects), Enteric Nervous System (physiopathology), Gastrointestinal Diseases (drug therapy), Humans, Muscle, Smooth (drug effects), Pain (drug therapy), Pain (etiology), Spasm (drug therapy), Treatment Outcome.
- MESH :
- chemical , therapeutic use : Anti-Dyskinesia Agents, Botulinum Toxins.
- drug effects : Enteric Nervous System, Muscle, Smooth.
- drug therapy : Gastrointestinal Diseases, Pain, Spasm.
- etiology : Pain.
- physiopathology : Enteric Nervous System.
- Humans, Treatment Outcome.
Abstract
Local injections of botulinum neurotoxin are now considered an efficacious treatment for neurological and non-neurological conditions. One of the most recent achievements in the field is the observation that botulinum neurotoxin provides benefit in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Botulinum neurotoxin inhibits contraction of gastrointestinal smooth muscles and sphincters; it has also been shown that the neurotoxin blocks cholinergic nerve endings in the autonomic nervous system, but it does not block nonadrenergic responses mediated by nitric oxide. This aspect has further promoted the interest to use botulinum neurotoxin as a treatment for overactive smooth muscles, such as the anal sphincters to treat anal fissure and outlet-type constipation, or the lower esophageal sphincter to treat esophageal achalasia. Knowledge of the anatomical and functional organization of innervation of the gastrointestinal tract is a prerequisite to understanding many features of botulinum neurotoxin action on the gut and the effects of injections placed into specific sphincters. This review presents current data on the use of botulinum neurotoxin to treat diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and summarizes recent knowledge on the pathogenesis of disorders of the gut due to a dysfunction of the enteric nervous system.
DOI: 10.1002/mds.20070
PubMed: 15027068
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pubmed:15027068Le document en format XML
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<author><name sortKey="Brisinda, Giuseppe" sort="Brisinda, Giuseppe" uniqKey="Brisinda G" first="Giuseppe" last="Brisinda">Giuseppe Brisinda</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Istituto di Clinica Chirurgica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
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<region nuts="2">Latium</region>
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<author><name sortKey="Bentivoglio, Anna Rita" sort="Bentivoglio, Anna Rita" uniqKey="Bentivoglio A" first="Anna Rita" last="Bentivoglio">Anna Rita Bentivoglio</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Maria, Giorgio" sort="Maria, Giorgio" uniqKey="Maria G" first="Giorgio" last="Maria">Giorgio Maria</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Albanese, Alberto" sort="Albanese, Alberto" uniqKey="Albanese A" first="Alberto" last="Albanese">Alberto Albanese</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Maria, Giorgio" sort="Maria, Giorgio" uniqKey="Maria G" first="Giorgio" last="Maria">Giorgio Maria</name>
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<series><title level="j">Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society</title>
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<term>Enteric Nervous System (physiopathology)</term>
<term>Gastrointestinal Diseases (drug therapy)</term>
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<term>Muscle, Smooth (drug effects)</term>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Local injections of botulinum neurotoxin are now considered an efficacious treatment for neurological and non-neurological conditions. One of the most recent achievements in the field is the observation that botulinum neurotoxin provides benefit in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Botulinum neurotoxin inhibits contraction of gastrointestinal smooth muscles and sphincters; it has also been shown that the neurotoxin blocks cholinergic nerve endings in the autonomic nervous system, but it does not block nonadrenergic responses mediated by nitric oxide. This aspect has further promoted the interest to use botulinum neurotoxin as a treatment for overactive smooth muscles, such as the anal sphincters to treat anal fissure and outlet-type constipation, or the lower esophageal sphincter to treat esophageal achalasia. Knowledge of the anatomical and functional organization of innervation of the gastrointestinal tract is a prerequisite to understanding many features of botulinum neurotoxin action on the gut and the effects of injections placed into specific sphincters. This review presents current data on the use of botulinum neurotoxin to treat diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and summarizes recent knowledge on the pathogenesis of disorders of the gut due to a dysfunction of the enteric nervous system.</div>
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