Internal pallidum and substantia nigra control different parts of the mesopontine reticular formation in primate.
Identifieur interne : 003117 ( Ncbi/Checkpoint ); précédent : 003116; suivant : 003118Internal pallidum and substantia nigra control different parts of the mesopontine reticular formation in primate.
Auteurs : Anne-Sophie Rolland [France] ; Carine Karachi ; Marie-Paule Muriel ; Etienne C. Hirsch ; Chantal FrançoisSource :
- Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society [ 1531-8257 ] ; 2011.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Animals, Biotin (analogs & derivatives), Biotin (metabolism), Dextrans (metabolism), Globus Pallidus (physiology), Male, Microscopy, Electron, Transmission (methods), Neural Pathways (metabolism), Neural Pathways (physiology), Primates, Reticular Formation (anatomy & histology), Reticular Formation (physiology), Substantia Nigra (physiology), Wheat Germ Agglutinin-Horseradish Peroxidase Conjugate (metabolism).
- MESH :
- chemical , analogs & derivatives : Biotin.
- chemical , metabolism : Biotin, Dextrans, Wheat Germ Agglutinin-Horseradish Peroxidase Conjugate.
- anatomy & histology : Reticular Formation.
- metabolism : Neural Pathways.
- methods : Microscopy, Electron, Transmission.
- physiology : Globus Pallidus, Neural Pathways, Reticular Formation, Substantia Nigra.
- Animals, Male, Primates.
Abstract
The locomotor area has recently emerged as a target for deep brain stimulation to lessen gait disturbances in advanced parkinsonian patients. An important step in choosing this target is to define anatomical limits of its 2 components, the pedunculopontine nucleus and the cuneiform nucleus, their connections with the basal ganglia, and their output descending pathway. Based on the hypothesis that pedunculopontine nucleus controls locomotion whereas cuneiform nucleus controls axial posture, we analyzed whether both nuclei receive inputs from the internal pallidum and substantia nigra using anterograde and retrograde tract tracing in monkeys. We also examined whether these nuclei convey descending projections to the reticulospinal pathway. Pallidal terminals were densely distributed and restricted to the pedunculopontine nucleus, whereas nigral terminals were diffusely observed in the whole extent of both the pedunculopontine nucleus and the cuneiform nucleus. Moreover, nigral terminals formed symmetric synapses with pedunculopontine nucleus and cuneiform nucleus dendrites. Retrograde tracing experiments confirmed these results because labeled cell bodies were observed in both the internal pallidum and substantia nigra after pedunculopontine nucleus injection, but only in the substantia nigra after cuneiform nucleus injection. Furthermore, anterograde tracing experiments revealed that the pedunculopontine nucleus and cuneiform nucleus project to large portions of the pontomedullary reticular formation. This is the first anatomical evidence that the internal pallidum and the substantia nigra control different parts of the brain stem and can modulate the descending reticulospinal pathway in primates. These findings support the functional hypothesis that the nigro-cuneiform nucleus pathway could control axial posture whereas the pallido-pedunculopontine nucleus pathway could modulate locomotion.
DOI: 10.1002/mds.23705
PubMed: 21469212
Affiliations:
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pubmed:21469212Le document en format XML
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The locomotor area has recently emerged as a target for deep brain stimulation to lessen gait disturbances in advanced parkinsonian patients. An important step in choosing this target is to define anatomical limits of its 2 components, the pedunculopontine nucleus and the cuneiform nucleus, their connections with the basal ganglia, and their output descending pathway. Based on the hypothesis that pedunculopontine nucleus controls locomotion whereas cuneiform nucleus controls axial posture, we analyzed whether both nuclei receive inputs from the internal pallidum and substantia nigra using anterograde and retrograde tract tracing in monkeys. We also examined whether these nuclei convey descending projections to the reticulospinal pathway. Pallidal terminals were densely distributed and restricted to the pedunculopontine nucleus, whereas nigral terminals were diffusely observed in the whole extent of both the pedunculopontine nucleus and the cuneiform nucleus. Moreover, nigral terminals formed symmetric synapses with pedunculopontine nucleus and cuneiform nucleus dendrites. Retrograde tracing experiments confirmed these results because labeled cell bodies were observed in both the internal pallidum and substantia nigra after pedunculopontine nucleus injection, but only in the substantia nigra after cuneiform nucleus injection. Furthermore, anterograde tracing experiments revealed that the pedunculopontine nucleus and cuneiform nucleus project to large portions of the pontomedullary reticular formation. This is the first anatomical evidence that the internal pallidum and the substantia nigra control different parts of the brain stem and can modulate the descending reticulospinal pathway in primates. These findings support the functional hypothesis that the nigro-cuneiform nucleus pathway could control axial posture whereas the pallido-pedunculopontine nucleus pathway could modulate locomotion.</div>
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<name sortKey="Karachi, Carine" sort="Karachi, Carine" uniqKey="Karachi C" first="Carine" last="Karachi">Carine Karachi</name>
<name sortKey="Muriel, Marie Paule" sort="Muriel, Marie Paule" uniqKey="Muriel M" first="Marie-Paule" last="Muriel">Marie-Paule Muriel</name>
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