Homocysteine and cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease: A biochemical, neuroimaging, and genetic study
Identifieur interne : 000823 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 000822; suivant : 000824Homocysteine and cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease: A biochemical, neuroimaging, and genetic study
Auteurs : Maria C. Rodriguez-Oroz ; Pablo Martínez Lage ; Jose Sanchez-Mut ; Isabel Lamet ; Javier Pagonabarraga ; Jon B. Toledo ; David García-Garcia ; Pedro Clavero ; Lluis Samaranch ; Cecilia Irurzun ; Juan M. Matsubara ; Jaione Irigoien ; Emilia Bescos ; Jaime Kulisevsky ; Jordi Pérez-Tur ; Jose A. ObesoSource :
- Movement Disorders [ 0885-3185 ] ; 2009-07-30.
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Abstract
The role of the plasma level of homocysteine (Hcy), as a primary outcome, and the effect of silent cerebrovascular lesions and genetic variants related to Hcy metabolism, as secondary outcomes, in the cognitive decline and dementia in Parkinson's disease (PD) were studied. This case–control study focused on 89 PD patients of minimum 10 years of evolution and older than 60 years, who were neuropsychologically classified either as cognitively normal (n = 37), having mild cognitive impairment (Petersen criteria) (n = 22), or suffering from dementia (DSM‐IV) (n = 30), compared with cognitively normal age‐matched control subjects (n = 30). Plasma levels of Hcy, vitamins B12 and B6, folic acid, polymorphisms in genes related to Hcy metabolism (MTHFR, MTR, MTRR, and CBS) and silent cerebrovascular events were analyzed. Plasma levels of Hcy were increased in PD patients (P = 0.0001). There were no differences between the groups of patients. The brain vascular burden was similar among PD groups. There was no association between polymorphisms in the studied genes and the Hcy plasma levels or cognitive status in PD patients. We found no evidence for a direct relationship between Hcy plasma levels and cognitive impairment and dementia in PD. No indirect effect through cerebrovascular disease or genetic background was found either. © 2009 Movement Disorder Society
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DOI: 10.1002/mds.22522
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Rodriguez-Oroz</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Neuroscience Center, CIMA, Pamplona, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lage, Pablo Martinez" sort="Lage, Pablo Martinez" uniqKey="Lage P" first="Pablo Martínez" last="Lage">Pablo Martínez Lage</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Current Address: Fundación ACE, Instituto Catalán de Neurociencias Aplicadas, Barcelona, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sanchez Ut, Jose" sort="Sanchez Ut, Jose" uniqKey="Sanchez Ut J" first="Jose" last="Sanchez-Mut">Jose Sanchez-Mut</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Unitat de Genética Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina de València‐CSIC, Valencia, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Current Address: Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Hospital Duran i Reynals, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat (Barcelona) Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lamet, Isabel" sort="Lamet, Isabel" uniqKey="Lamet I" first="Isabel" last="Lamet">Isabel Lamet</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pagonabarraga, Javier" sort="Pagonabarraga, Javier" uniqKey="Pagonabarraga J" first="Javier" last="Pagonabarraga">Javier Pagonabarraga</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurology, Hospital Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Toledo, Jon B" sort="Toledo, Jon B" uniqKey="Toledo J" first="Jon B." last="Toledo">Jon B. Toledo</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Garcia Arcia, David" sort="Garcia Arcia, David" uniqKey="Garcia Arcia D" first="David" last="García-Garcia">David García-Garcia</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Neuroscience Center, CIMA, Pamplona, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Clavero, Pedro" sort="Clavero, Pedro" uniqKey="Clavero P" first="Pedro" last="Clavero">Pedro Clavero</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Neuroscience Center, CIMA, Pamplona, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Samaranch, Lluis" sort="Samaranch, Lluis" uniqKey="Samaranch L" first="Lluis" last="Samaranch">Lluis Samaranch</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Irurzun, Cecilia" sort="Irurzun, Cecilia" uniqKey="Irurzun C" first="Cecilia" last="Irurzun">Cecilia Irurzun</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Matsubara, Juan M" sort="Matsubara, Juan M" uniqKey="Matsubara J" first="Juan M." last="Matsubara">Juan M. Matsubara</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Irigoien, Jaione" sort="Irigoien, Jaione" uniqKey="Irigoien J" first="Jaione" last="Irigoien">Jaione Irigoien</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bescos, Emilia" sort="Bescos, Emilia" uniqKey="Bescos E" first="Emilia" last="Bescos">Emilia Bescos</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kulisevsky, Jaime" sort="Kulisevsky, Jaime" uniqKey="Kulisevsky J" first="Jaime" last="Kulisevsky">Jaime Kulisevsky</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurology, Hospital Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Perez Ur, Jordi" sort="Perez Ur, Jordi" uniqKey="Perez Ur J" first="Jordi" last="Pérez-Tur">Jordi Pérez-Tur</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Unitat de Genética Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina de València‐CSIC, Valencia, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Obeso, Jose A" sort="Obeso, Jose A" uniqKey="Obeso J" first="Jose A." last="Obeso">Jose A. Obeso</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Neuroscience Center, CIMA, Pamplona, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:623F6888A7B960F1E7BF39FC9094613747719D6C</idno><date when="2009" year="2009">2009</date><idno type="doi">10.1002/mds.22522</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/623F6888A7B960F1E7BF39FC9094613747719D6C/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">000823</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Homocysteine and cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease: A biochemical, neuroimaging, and genetic study</title><author><name sortKey="Rodriguez Roz, Maria C" sort="Rodriguez Roz, Maria C" uniqKey="Rodriguez Roz M" first="Maria C." last="Rodriguez-Oroz">Maria C. Rodriguez-Oroz</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Neuroscience Center, CIMA, Pamplona, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lage, Pablo Martinez" sort="Lage, Pablo Martinez" uniqKey="Lage P" first="Pablo Martínez" last="Lage">Pablo Martínez Lage</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Current Address: Fundación ACE, Instituto Catalán de Neurociencias Aplicadas, Barcelona, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sanchez Ut, Jose" sort="Sanchez Ut, Jose" uniqKey="Sanchez Ut J" first="Jose" last="Sanchez-Mut">Jose Sanchez-Mut</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Unitat de Genética Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina de València‐CSIC, Valencia, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Current Address: Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Hospital Duran i Reynals, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat (Barcelona) Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lamet, Isabel" sort="Lamet, Isabel" uniqKey="Lamet I" first="Isabel" last="Lamet">Isabel Lamet</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pagonabarraga, Javier" sort="Pagonabarraga, Javier" uniqKey="Pagonabarraga J" first="Javier" last="Pagonabarraga">Javier Pagonabarraga</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurology, Hospital Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Toledo, Jon B" sort="Toledo, Jon B" uniqKey="Toledo J" first="Jon B." last="Toledo">Jon B. Toledo</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Garcia Arcia, David" sort="Garcia Arcia, David" uniqKey="Garcia Arcia D" first="David" last="García-Garcia">David García-Garcia</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Neuroscience Center, CIMA, Pamplona, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Clavero, Pedro" sort="Clavero, Pedro" uniqKey="Clavero P" first="Pedro" last="Clavero">Pedro Clavero</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Neuroscience Center, CIMA, Pamplona, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Samaranch, Lluis" sort="Samaranch, Lluis" uniqKey="Samaranch L" first="Lluis" last="Samaranch">Lluis Samaranch</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Irurzun, Cecilia" sort="Irurzun, Cecilia" uniqKey="Irurzun C" first="Cecilia" last="Irurzun">Cecilia Irurzun</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Matsubara, Juan M" sort="Matsubara, Juan M" uniqKey="Matsubara J" first="Juan M." last="Matsubara">Juan M. Matsubara</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Irigoien, Jaione" sort="Irigoien, Jaione" uniqKey="Irigoien J" first="Jaione" last="Irigoien">Jaione Irigoien</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bescos, Emilia" sort="Bescos, Emilia" uniqKey="Bescos E" first="Emilia" last="Bescos">Emilia Bescos</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kulisevsky, Jaime" sort="Kulisevsky, Jaime" uniqKey="Kulisevsky J" first="Jaime" last="Kulisevsky">Jaime Kulisevsky</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurology, Hospital Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Perez Ur, Jordi" sort="Perez Ur, Jordi" uniqKey="Perez Ur J" first="Jordi" last="Pérez-Tur">Jordi Pérez-Tur</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Unitat de Genética Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina de València‐CSIC, Valencia, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Obeso, Jose A" sort="Obeso, Jose A" uniqKey="Obeso J" first="Jose A." last="Obeso">Jose A. Obeso</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Neuroscience Center, CIMA, Pamplona, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Movement Disorders</title><title level="j" type="sub">Official Journal of the Movement Disorder Society</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">Mov. Disord.</title><idno type="ISSN">0885-3185</idno><idno type="eISSN">1531-8257</idno><imprint><publisher>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisher><pubPlace>Hoboken</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2009-07-30">2009-07-30</date><biblScope unit="vol">24</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">10</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="1437">1437</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="1444">1444</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0885-3185</idno></series><idno type="istex">623F6888A7B960F1E7BF39FC9094613747719D6C</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1002/mds.22522</idno><idno type="ArticleID">MDS22522</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0885-3185</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Parkinson's disease</term><term>dementia</term><term>genetics</term><term>homocysteine</term><term>mild cognitive impairment</term><term>white matter hyperintensities</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The role of the plasma level of homocysteine (Hcy), as a primary outcome, and the effect of silent cerebrovascular lesions and genetic variants related to Hcy metabolism, as secondary outcomes, in the cognitive decline and dementia in Parkinson's disease (PD) were studied. This case–control study focused on 89 PD patients of minimum 10 years of evolution and older than 60 years, who were neuropsychologically classified either as cognitively normal (n = 37), having mild cognitive impairment (Petersen criteria) (n = 22), or suffering from dementia (DSM‐IV) (n = 30), compared with cognitively normal age‐matched control subjects (n = 30). Plasma levels of Hcy, vitamins B12 and B6, folic acid, polymorphisms in genes related to Hcy metabolism (MTHFR, MTR, MTRR, and CBS) and silent cerebrovascular events were analyzed. Plasma levels of Hcy were increased in PD patients (P = 0.0001). There were no differences between the groups of patients. The brain vascular burden was similar among PD groups. There was no association between polymorphisms in the studied genes and the Hcy plasma levels or cognitive status in PD patients. We found no evidence for a direct relationship between Hcy plasma levels and cognitive impairment and dementia in PD. No indirect effect through cerebrovascular disease or genetic background was found either. © 2009 Movement Disorder Society</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><author><json:item><name>Maria C. Rodriguez‐Oroz MD, PhD</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</json:string><json:string>Neuroscience Center, CIMA, Pamplona, Spain</json:string><json:string>Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Pablo Martínez Lage MD, PhD</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</json:string><json:string>Current Address: Fundación ACE, Instituto Catalán de Neurociencias Aplicadas, Barcelona, Spain</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Jose Sanchez‐Mut PhD</name><affiliations><json:string>Unitat de Genética Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina de València‐CSIC, Valencia, Spain</json:string><json:string>Current Address: Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Hospital Duran i Reynals, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat (Barcelona) Spain</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Isabel Lamet MS</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Javier Pagonabarraga MD</name><affiliations><json:string>Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain</json:string><json:string>Department of Neurology, Hospital Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Jon B. Toledo MD</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>David García‐Garcia MS</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</json:string><json:string>Neuroscience Center, CIMA, Pamplona, Spain</json:string><json:string>Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Pedro Clavero MD</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</json:string><json:string>Neuroscience Center, CIMA, Pamplona, Spain</json:string><json:string>Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Lluis Samaranch PhD</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Cecilia Irurzun MD</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Juan M. Matsubara MD</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Jaione Irigoien BS</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Emilia Bescos BS</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Jaime Kulisevsky MD, PhD</name><affiliations><json:string>Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain</json:string><json:string>Department of Neurology, Hospital Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Jordi Pérez‐Tur PhD</name><affiliations><json:string>Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain</json:string><json:string>Unitat de Genética Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina de València‐CSIC, Valencia, Spain</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Jose A. Obeso MD, PhD</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</json:string><json:string>Neuroscience Center, CIMA, Pamplona, Spain</json:string><json:string>Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>homocysteine</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Parkinson's disease</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>dementia</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>mild cognitive impairment</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>genetics</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>white matter hyperintensities</value></json:item></subject><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><abstract>The role of the plasma level of homocysteine (Hcy), as a primary outcome, and the effect of silent cerebrovascular lesions and genetic variants related to Hcy metabolism, as secondary outcomes, in the cognitive decline and dementia in Parkinson's disease (PD) were studied. This case–control study focused on 89 PD patients of minimum 10 years of evolution and older than 60 years, who were neuropsychologically classified either as cognitively normal (n = 37), having mild cognitive impairment (Petersen criteria) (n = 22), or suffering from dementia (DSM‐IV) (n = 30), compared with cognitively normal age‐matched control subjects (n = 30). Plasma levels of Hcy, vitamins B12 and B6, folic acid, polymorphisms in genes related to Hcy metabolism (MTHFR, MTR, MTRR, and CBS) and silent cerebrovascular events were analyzed. Plasma levels of Hcy were increased in PD patients (P = 0.0001). There were no differences between the groups of patients. The brain vascular burden was similar among PD groups. There was no association between polymorphisms in the studied genes and the Hcy plasma levels or cognitive status in PD patients. We found no evidence for a direct relationship between Hcy plasma levels and cognitive impairment and dementia in PD. No indirect effect through cerebrovascular disease or genetic background was found either. © 2009 Movement Disorder Society</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>7.231</score><pdfVersion>1.3</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>612 x 810 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><abstractCharCount>1373</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>4663</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>31227</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>8</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>214</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Homocysteine and cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease: A biochemical, neuroimaging, and genetic study</title><genre><json:string>Serial article</json:string></genre><host><volume>24</volume><pages><total>8</total><last>1444</last><first>1437</first></pages><issn><json:string>0885-3185</json:string></issn><issue>10</issue><subject><json:item><value>Research Article</value></json:item></subject><genre></genre><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><title>Movement Disorders</title><doi><json:string>10.1002/(ISSN)1531-8257</json:string></doi></host><publicationDate>2009</publicationDate><copyrightDate>2009</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1002/mds.22522</json:string></doi><id>623F6888A7B960F1E7BF39FC9094613747719D6C</id><fulltext><json:item><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><extension>pdf</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/623F6888A7B960F1E7BF39FC9094613747719D6C/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><extension>zip</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/623F6888A7B960F1E7BF39FC9094613747719D6C/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/623F6888A7B960F1E7BF39FC9094613747719D6C/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader type="text"><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Homocysteine and cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease: A biochemical, neuroimaging, and genetic study</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisher><pubPlace>Hoboken</pubPlace><availability><p>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</p></availability><date>2009</date></publicationStmt><notesStmt><note type="content">*Potential conflict of interest: Nothing to report.</note><note>Government of Navarra - No. 49/2004;</note><note>Novartis Pharma (Basel, Switzerland)</note><note>Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia, Spain - No. SAF2006‐00724;</note></notesStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Homocysteine and cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease: A biochemical, neuroimaging, and genetic study</title><author><persName><forename type="first">Maria C.</forename><surname>Rodriguez‐Oroz</surname><roleName type="degree">MD, PhD</roleName></persName><note type="correspondence"><p>Correspondence: Clínica Universitaria Navarra. Av Pio XII 36, Pamplona 31008. Spain</p></note><affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</affiliation><affiliation>Neuroscience Center, CIMA, Pamplona, Spain</affiliation><affiliation>Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Pablo Martínez</forename><surname>Lage</surname><roleName type="degree">MD, PhD</roleName></persName><affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</affiliation><affiliation>Current Address: Fundación ACE, Instituto Catalán de Neurociencias Aplicadas, Barcelona, Spain</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Jose</forename><surname>Sanchez‐Mut</surname><roleName type="degree">PhD</roleName></persName><affiliation>Unitat de Genética Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina de València‐CSIC, Valencia, Spain</affiliation><affiliation>Current Address: Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Hospital Duran i Reynals, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat (Barcelona) Spain</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Isabel</forename><surname>Lamet</surname><roleName type="degree">MS</roleName></persName><affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Javier</forename><surname>Pagonabarraga</surname><roleName type="degree">MD</roleName></persName><affiliation>Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Neurology, Hospital Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Jon B.</forename><surname>Toledo</surname><roleName type="degree">MD</roleName></persName><affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">David</forename><surname>García‐Garcia</surname><roleName type="degree">MS</roleName></persName><affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</affiliation><affiliation>Neuroscience Center, CIMA, Pamplona, Spain</affiliation><affiliation>Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Pedro</forename><surname>Clavero</surname><roleName type="degree">MD</roleName></persName><affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</affiliation><affiliation>Neuroscience Center, CIMA, Pamplona, Spain</affiliation><affiliation>Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Lluis</forename><surname>Samaranch</surname><roleName type="degree">PhD</roleName></persName><affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Cecilia</forename><surname>Irurzun</surname><roleName type="degree">MD</roleName></persName><affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Juan M.</forename><surname>Matsubara</surname><roleName type="degree">MD</roleName></persName><affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Jaione</forename><surname>Irigoien</surname><roleName type="degree">BS</roleName></persName><affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Emilia</forename><surname>Bescos</surname><roleName type="degree">BS</roleName></persName><affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Jaime</forename><surname>Kulisevsky</surname><roleName type="degree">MD, PhD</roleName></persName><affiliation>Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Neurology, Hospital Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Jordi</forename><surname>Pérez‐Tur</surname><roleName type="degree">PhD</roleName></persName><affiliation>Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain</affiliation><affiliation>Unitat de Genética Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina de València‐CSIC, Valencia, Spain</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Jose A.</forename><surname>Obeso</surname><roleName type="degree">MD, PhD</roleName></persName><affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</affiliation><affiliation>Neuroscience Center, CIMA, Pamplona, Spain</affiliation><affiliation>Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Movement Disorders</title><title level="j" type="sub">Official Journal of the Movement Disorder Society</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">Mov. 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This case–control study focused on 89 PD patients of minimum 10 years of evolution and older than 60 years, who were neuropsychologically classified either as cognitively normal (n = 37), having mild cognitive impairment (Petersen criteria) (n = 22), or suffering from dementia (DSM‐IV) (n = 30), compared with cognitively normal age‐matched control subjects (n = 30). Plasma levels of Hcy, vitamins B12 and B6, folic acid, polymorphisms in genes related to Hcy metabolism (MTHFR, MTR, MTRR, and CBS) and silent cerebrovascular events were analyzed. Plasma levels of Hcy were increased in PD patients (P = 0.0001). There were no differences between the groups of patients. The brain vascular burden was similar among PD groups. There was no association between polymorphisms in the studied genes and the Hcy plasma levels or cognitive status in PD patients. We found no evidence for a direct relationship between Hcy plasma levels and cognitive impairment and dementia in PD. No indirect effect through cerebrovascular disease or genetic background was found either. © 2009 Movement Disorder Society</p></abstract><textClass xml:lang="en"><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>Keywords</head><item><term>homocysteine</term></item><item><term>Parkinson's disease</term></item><item><term>dementia</term></item><item><term>mild cognitive impairment</term></item><item><term>genetics</term></item><item><term>white matter hyperintensities</term></item></list></keywords></textClass><textClass><keywords scheme="Journal Subject"><list><head>Article category</head><item><term>Research Article</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2008-11-07">Received</change><change when="2009-02-05">Registration</change><change when="2009-07-30">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><extension>txt</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/623F6888A7B960F1E7BF39FC9094613747719D6C/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component version="2.0" type="serialArticle" xml:lang="en"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><publisherInfo><publisherName>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisherName><publisherLoc>Hoboken</publisherLoc></publisherInfo><doi registered="yes">10.1002/(ISSN)1531-8257</doi><issn type="print">0885-3185</issn><issn type="electronic">1531-8257</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="MDS"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" xml:lang="en" sort="MOVEMENT DISORDERS">Movement Disorders</title><title type="subtitle">Official Journal of the Movement Disorder Society</title><title type="short">Mov. 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currentRef="#curr1"><personName><givenNames>Pablo Martínez</givenNames><familyName>Lage</familyName><degrees>MD, PhD</degrees></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au3" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af4" currentRef="#curr2"><personName><givenNames>Jose</givenNames><familyName>Sanchez‐Mut</familyName><degrees>PhD</degrees></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au4" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af1"><personName><givenNames>Isabel</givenNames><familyName>Lamet</familyName><degrees>MS</degrees></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au5" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af3 #af5"><personName><givenNames>Javier</givenNames><familyName>Pagonabarraga</familyName><degrees>MD</degrees></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au6" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af1"><personName><givenNames>Jon B.</givenNames><familyName>Toledo</familyName><degrees>MD</degrees></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au7" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af1 #af2 #af3"><personName><givenNames>David</givenNames><familyName>García‐Garcia</familyName><degrees>MS</degrees></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au8" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af1 #af2 #af3"><personName><givenNames>Pedro</givenNames><familyName>Clavero</familyName><degrees>MD</degrees></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au9" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af1"><personName><givenNames>Lluis</givenNames><familyName>Samaranch</familyName><degrees>PhD</degrees></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au10" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af1"><personName><givenNames>Cecilia</givenNames><familyName>Irurzun</familyName><degrees>MD</degrees></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au11" creatorRole="author" affiliationRef="#af1"><personName><givenNames>Juan M.</givenNames><familyName>Matsubara</familyName><degrees>MD</degrees></personName></creator><creator xml:id="au12" creatorRole="author" 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countryCode="ES"><unparsedAffiliation>Fundación ACE, Instituto Catalán de Neurociencias Aplicadas, Barcelona, Spain</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="curr2" countryCode="ES"><unparsedAffiliation>Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Hospital Duran i Reynals, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat (Barcelona) Spain</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation></affiliationGroup><keywordGroup xml:lang="en" type="author"><keyword xml:id="kwd1">homocysteine</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd2">Parkinson's disease</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd3">dementia</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd4">mild cognitive impairment</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd5">genetics</keyword><keyword xml:id="kwd6">white matter hyperintensities</keyword></keywordGroup><fundingInfo><fundingAgency>Government of Navarra</fundingAgency><fundingNumber>49/2004</fundingNumber></fundingInfo><fundingInfo><fundingAgency>Novartis Pharma (Basel, Switzerland)</fundingAgency></fundingInfo><fundingInfo><fundingAgency>Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia, Spain</fundingAgency><fundingNumber>SAF2006‐00724</fundingNumber></fundingInfo><abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:lang="en"><title type="main">Abstract</title><p>The role of the plasma level of homocysteine (Hcy), as a primary outcome, and the effect of silent cerebrovascular lesions and genetic variants related to Hcy metabolism, as secondary outcomes, in the cognitive decline and dementia in Parkinson's disease (PD) were studied. This case–control study focused on 89 PD patients of minimum 10 years of evolution and older than 60 years, who were neuropsychologically classified either as cognitively normal (n = 37), having mild cognitive impairment (Petersen criteria) (n = 22), or suffering from dementia (DSM‐IV) (n = 30), compared with cognitively normal age‐matched control subjects (n = 30). Plasma levels of Hcy, vitamins B12 and B6, folic acid, polymorphisms in genes related to Hcy metabolism (<i>MTHFR</i>, <i>MTR</i>, <i>MTRR</i>, and <i>CBS</i>) and silent cerebrovascular events were analyzed. Plasma levels of Hcy were increased in PD patients (<i>P</i> = 0.0001). There were no differences between the groups of patients. The brain vascular burden was similar among PD groups. There was no association between polymorphisms in the studied genes and the Hcy plasma levels or cognitive status in PD patients. We found no evidence for a direct relationship between Hcy plasma levels and cognitive impairment and dementia in PD. No indirect effect through cerebrovascular disease or genetic background was found either. © 2009 Movement Disorder Society</p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta><noteGroup><note xml:id="fn9"><p>Potential conflict of interest: Nothing to report.</p></note></noteGroup></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><!--Version 0.6 générée le 4-12-2015--><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Homocysteine and cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease: A biochemical, neuroimaging, and genetic study</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated" lang="en"><title>Homocysteine and Dementia in PD</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Homocysteine and cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease: A biochemical, neuroimaging, and genetic study</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Maria C.</namePart><namePart type="family">Rodriguez‐Oroz</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">MD, PhD</namePart><affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</affiliation><affiliation>Neuroscience Center, CIMA, Pamplona, Spain</affiliation><affiliation>Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain</affiliation><description>Correspondence: Clínica Universitaria Navarra. 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Spain</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Isabel</namePart><namePart type="family">Lamet</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">MS</namePart><affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Javier</namePart><namePart type="family">Pagonabarraga</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">MD</namePart><affiliation>Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Neurology, Hospital Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Jon B.</namePart><namePart type="family">Toledo</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">MD</namePart><affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">David</namePart><namePart type="family">García‐Garcia</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">MS</namePart><affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</affiliation><affiliation>Neuroscience Center, CIMA, Pamplona, Spain</affiliation><affiliation>Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Pedro</namePart><namePart type="family">Clavero</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">MD</namePart><affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</affiliation><affiliation>Neuroscience Center, CIMA, Pamplona, Spain</affiliation><affiliation>Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Lluis</namePart><namePart type="family">Samaranch</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">PhD</namePart><affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Cecilia</namePart><namePart type="family">Irurzun</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">MD</namePart><affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Juan M.</namePart><namePart type="family">Matsubara</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">MD</namePart><affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Jaione</namePart><namePart type="family">Irigoien</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">BS</namePart><affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Emilia</namePart><namePart type="family">Bescos</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">BS</namePart><affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Jaime</namePart><namePart type="family">Kulisevsky</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">MD, PhD</namePart><affiliation>Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Neurology, Hospital Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Jordi</namePart><namePart type="family">Pérez‐Tur</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">PhD</namePart><affiliation>Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain</affiliation><affiliation>Unitat de Genética Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina de València‐CSIC, Valencia, Spain</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Jose A.</namePart><namePart type="family">Obeso</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">MD, PhD</namePart><affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Clinic and Medical School of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain</affiliation><affiliation>Neuroscience Center, CIMA, Pamplona, Spain</affiliation><affiliation>Centros de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre authority="originalCategForm">article</genre><originInfo><publisher>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisher><place><placeTerm type="text">Hoboken</placeTerm></place><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2009-07-30</dateIssued><dateCaptured encoding="w3cdtf">2008-11-07</dateCaptured><dateValid encoding="w3cdtf">2009-02-05</dateValid><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2009</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType><extent unit="figures">1</extent><extent unit="tables">4</extent><extent unit="references">45</extent><extent unit="words">6838</extent></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">The role of the plasma level of homocysteine (Hcy), as a primary outcome, and the effect of silent cerebrovascular lesions and genetic variants related to Hcy metabolism, as secondary outcomes, in the cognitive decline and dementia in Parkinson's disease (PD) were studied. This case–control study focused on 89 PD patients of minimum 10 years of evolution and older than 60 years, who were neuropsychologically classified either as cognitively normal (n = 37), having mild cognitive impairment (Petersen criteria) (n = 22), or suffering from dementia (DSM‐IV) (n = 30), compared with cognitively normal age‐matched control subjects (n = 30). Plasma levels of Hcy, vitamins B12 and B6, folic acid, polymorphisms in genes related to Hcy metabolism (MTHFR, MTR, MTRR, and CBS) and silent cerebrovascular events were analyzed. Plasma levels of Hcy were increased in PD patients (P = 0.0001). There were no differences between the groups of patients. The brain vascular burden was similar among PD groups. There was no association between polymorphisms in the studied genes and the Hcy plasma levels or cognitive status in PD patients. We found no evidence for a direct relationship between Hcy plasma levels and cognitive impairment and dementia in PD. No indirect effect through cerebrovascular disease or genetic background was found either. © 2009 Movement Disorder Society</abstract><note type="content">*Potential conflict of interest: Nothing to report.</note><note type="funding">Government of Navarra - No. 49/2004; </note><note type="funding">Novartis Pharma (Basel, Switzerland)</note><note type="funding">Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia, Spain - No. SAF2006‐00724; </note><subject lang="en"><genre>Keywords</genre><topic>homocysteine</topic><topic>Parkinson's disease</topic><topic>dementia</topic><topic>mild cognitive impairment</topic><topic>genetics</topic><topic>white matter hyperintensities</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Movement Disorders</title><subTitle>Official Journal of the Movement Disorder Society</subTitle></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>Mov. Disord.</title></titleInfo><subject><genre>article category</genre><topic>Research Article</topic></subject><identifier type="ISSN">0885-3185</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1531-8257</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1002/(ISSN)1531-8257</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">MDS</identifier><part><date>2009</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>24</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>10</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>1437</start><end>1444</end><total>8</total></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">623F6888A7B960F1E7BF39FC9094613747719D6C</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1002/mds.22522</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">MDS22522</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">Copyright © 2009 Movement Disorder Society</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordOrigin>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</recordOrigin><recordContentSource>WILEY</recordContentSource></recordInfo></mods></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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