Multiple oscillators are causing parkinsonian and essential tremor
Identifieur interne : 000152 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 000151; suivant : 000153Multiple oscillators are causing parkinsonian and essential tremor
Auteurs : Jan Raethjen ; Michael Lindemann ; Holger Schmaljohann ; Roland Wenzelburger ; Gerd Pfister ; Günther DeuschlSource :
- Movement Disorders [ 0885-3185 ] ; 2000-01.
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- KwdEn :
Abstract
The tremors of Parkinson's disease (PD) and essential tremor (ET) are traditionally considered to depend on a central oscillator producing rhythmic activation of the motoneurones of all extremities. To test this hypothesis, we have compared electromyographic tremor activity in different muscles of the affected limbs using cross spectral analysis, including coherence and phase. Surface electromyographic recordings from both arms, legs, and the neck were analyzed in 22 patients with PD and 28 patients with ET. Volume conduction between neighboring muscles producing artificial “coherence” has been found to be an important methodologic problem. We have developed a mathematical test to exclude data that could distort the results. According to this test, 10% or 25% of muscle combinations from the same limb had to be excluded from further analysis in PD or ET, respectively. In both, patients with PD and ET, we found a considerable number of muscle combinations oscillating at virtually the same frequency (▵ frequency <0.4 Hz) without showing a significant coherence. Thus, the frequency difference between different muscles is not sufficient to measure the correlation between two muscles. Significant coherencies between muscles within the same arm or leg were found in 70% or 90% of patients with PD or ET, respectively, whereas only one patient with PD and not a single patient with ET showed significant coherencies between muscles from different limbs. The phase between coherent muscles of the same arm of patients with PD showed a preference of either a reciprocal alternating pattern for antagonistic muscles in forearm flexor and upper arm extensor as opposed to a co‐contraction pattern between the hand flexors and the triceps brachii. In patients with ET such clear differences were lacking. We conclude that multiple oscillators are responsible for the tremor in different extremities of patients with PD and ET. Differences between PD and ET concerning the phase relation within the arm may either be related to the topography within the basal ganglia or to differently involvedspinal pathways.
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DOI: 10.1002/1531-8257(200001)15:1<84::AID-MDS1014>3.0.CO;2-K
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<record><TEI wicri:istexFullTextTei="biblStruct"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Multiple oscillators are causing parkinsonian and essential tremor</title><author><name sortKey="Raethjen, Jan" sort="Raethjen, Jan" uniqKey="Raethjen J" first="Jan" last="Raethjen">Jan Raethjen</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Departments of Neurology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lindemann, Michael" sort="Lindemann, Michael" uniqKey="Lindemann M" first="Michael" last="Lindemann">Michael Lindemann</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Departments of Neurology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schmaljohann, Holger" sort="Schmaljohann, Holger" uniqKey="Schmaljohann H" first="Holger" last="Schmaljohann">Holger Schmaljohann</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Departments of Neurology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wenzelburger, Roland" sort="Wenzelburger, Roland" uniqKey="Wenzelburger R" first="Roland" last="Wenzelburger">Roland Wenzelburger</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Departments of Neurology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pfister, Gerd" sort="Pfister, Gerd" uniqKey="Pfister G" first="Gerd" last="Pfister">Gerd Pfister</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Departments of Neurology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Deuschl, Gunther" sort="Deuschl, Gunther" uniqKey="Deuschl G" first="Günther" last="Deuschl">Günther Deuschl</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Departments of Neurology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:CE7F48C09E1CD4CE4D035D064EFD0C05E9CAE8AB</idno><date when="2000" year="2000">2000</date><idno type="doi">10.1002/1531-8257(200001)15:1<84::AID-MDS1014>3.0.CO;2-K</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/CE7F48C09E1CD4CE4D035D064EFD0C05E9CAE8AB/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">000152</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Multiple oscillators are causing parkinsonian and essential tremor</title><author><name sortKey="Raethjen, Jan" sort="Raethjen, Jan" uniqKey="Raethjen J" first="Jan" last="Raethjen">Jan Raethjen</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Departments of Neurology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lindemann, Michael" sort="Lindemann, Michael" uniqKey="Lindemann M" first="Michael" last="Lindemann">Michael Lindemann</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Departments of Neurology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schmaljohann, Holger" sort="Schmaljohann, Holger" uniqKey="Schmaljohann H" first="Holger" last="Schmaljohann">Holger Schmaljohann</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Departments of Neurology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wenzelburger, Roland" sort="Wenzelburger, Roland" uniqKey="Wenzelburger R" first="Roland" last="Wenzelburger">Roland Wenzelburger</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Departments of Neurology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pfister, Gerd" sort="Pfister, Gerd" uniqKey="Pfister G" first="Gerd" last="Pfister">Gerd Pfister</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Departments of Neurology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Deuschl, Gunther" sort="Deuschl, Gunther" uniqKey="Deuschl G" first="Günther" last="Deuschl">Günther Deuschl</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Departments of Neurology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Movement Disorders</title><title level="j" type="sub">Official Journal of the Movement Disorder Society</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">Mov. 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To test this hypothesis, we have compared electromyographic tremor activity in different muscles of the affected limbs using cross spectral analysis, including coherence and phase. Surface electromyographic recordings from both arms, legs, and the neck were analyzed in 22 patients with PD and 28 patients with ET. Volume conduction between neighboring muscles producing artificial “coherence” has been found to be an important methodologic problem. We have developed a mathematical test to exclude data that could distort the results. According to this test, 10% or 25% of muscle combinations from the same limb had to be excluded from further analysis in PD or ET, respectively. In both, patients with PD and ET, we found a considerable number of muscle combinations oscillating at virtually the same frequency (▵ frequency <0.4 Hz) without showing a significant coherence. Thus, the frequency difference between different muscles is not sufficient to measure the correlation between two muscles. Significant coherencies between muscles within the same arm or leg were found in 70% or 90% of patients with PD or ET, respectively, whereas only one patient with PD and not a single patient with ET showed significant coherencies between muscles from different limbs. The phase between coherent muscles of the same arm of patients with PD showed a preference of either a reciprocal alternating pattern for antagonistic muscles in forearm flexor and upper arm extensor as opposed to a co‐contraction pattern between the hand flexors and the triceps brachii. In patients with ET such clear differences were lacking. We conclude that multiple oscillators are responsible for the tremor in different extremities of patients with PD and ET. Differences between PD and ET concerning the phase relation within the arm may either be related to the topography within the basal ganglia or to differently involvedspinal pathways.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><author><json:item><name>Jan Raethjen MD</name><affiliations><json:string>Departments of Neurology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Michael Lindemann MSc</name><affiliations><json:string>Departments of Neurology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Holger Schmaljohann</name><affiliations><json:string>Departments of Neurology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Roland Wenzelburger MD</name><affiliations><json:string>Departments of Neurology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Gerd Pfister PhD</name><affiliations><json:string>Departments of Neurology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Günther Deuschl MD</name><affiliations><json:string>Departments of Neurology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Parkinson's disease</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Essential tremor</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Topography</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Frequency</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Coherence‐analysis</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Central oscillators</value></json:item></subject><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><abstract>The tremors of Parkinson's disease (PD) and essential tremor (ET) are traditionally considered to depend on a central oscillator producing rhythmic activation of the motoneurones of all extremities. 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Significant coherencies between muscles within the same arm or leg were found in 70% or 90% of patients with PD or ET, respectively, whereas only one patient with PD and not a single patient with ET showed significant coherencies between muscles from different limbs. The phase between coherent muscles of the same arm of patients with PD showed a preference of either a reciprocal alternating pattern for antagonistic muscles in forearm flexor and upper arm extensor as opposed to a co‐contraction pattern between the hand flexors and the triceps brachii. In patients with ET such clear differences were lacking. We conclude that multiple oscillators are responsible for the tremor in different extremities of patients with PD and ET. 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To test this hypothesis, we have compared electromyographic tremor activity in different muscles of the affected limbs using cross spectral analysis, including coherence and phase. Surface electromyographic recordings from both arms, legs, and the neck were analyzed in 22 patients with PD and 28 patients with ET. Volume conduction between neighboring muscles producing artificial “coherence” has been found to be an important methodologic problem. We have developed a mathematical test to exclude data that could distort the results. According to this test, 10% or 25% of muscle combinations from the same limb had to be excluded from further analysis in PD or ET, respectively. In both, patients with PD and ET, we found a considerable number of muscle combinations oscillating at virtually the same frequency (▵ frequency <0.4 Hz) without showing a significant coherence. Thus, the frequency difference between different muscles is not sufficient to measure the correlation between two muscles. Significant coherencies between muscles within the same arm or leg were found in 70% or 90% of patients with PD or ET, respectively, whereas only one patient with PD and not a single patient with ET showed significant coherencies between muscles from different limbs. The phase between coherent muscles of the same arm of patients with PD showed a preference of either a reciprocal alternating pattern for antagonistic muscles in forearm flexor and upper arm extensor as opposed to a co‐contraction pattern between the hand flexors and the triceps brachii. In patients with ET such clear differences were lacking. We conclude that multiple oscillators are responsible for the tremor in different extremities of patients with PD and ET. 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To test this hypothesis, we have compared electromyographic tremor activity in different muscles of the affected limbs using cross spectral analysis, including coherence and phase. Surface electromyographic recordings from both arms, legs, and the neck were analyzed in 22 patients with PD and 28 patients with ET. Volume conduction between neighboring muscles producing artificial “coherence” has been found to be an important methodologic problem. We have developed a mathematical test to exclude data that could distort the results. According to this test, 10% or 25% of muscle combinations from the same limb had to be excluded from further analysis in PD or ET, respectively. In both, patients with PD and ET, we found a considerable number of muscle combinations oscillating at virtually the same frequency (▵ frequency <0.4 Hz) without showing a significant coherence. Thus, the frequency difference between different muscles is not sufficient to measure the correlation between two muscles. Significant coherencies between muscles within the same arm or leg were found in 70% or 90% of patients with PD or ET, respectively, whereas only one patient with PD and not a single patient with ET showed significant coherencies between muscles from different limbs. The phase between coherent muscles of the same arm of patients with PD showed a preference of either a reciprocal alternating pattern for antagonistic muscles in forearm flexor and upper arm extensor as opposed to a co‐contraction pattern between the hand flexors and the triceps brachii. In patients with ET such clear differences were lacking. We conclude that multiple oscillators are responsible for the tremor in different extremities of patients with PD and ET. Differences between PD and ET concerning the phase relation within the arm may either be related to the topography within the basal ganglia or to differently involvedspinal pathways.</p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><!--Version 0.6 générée le 3-12-2015--><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Multiple oscillators are causing parkinsonian and essential tremor</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated" lang="en"><title>Multiple Oscillators in Parkinsonian and Essential Tremor</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Multiple oscillators are causing parkinsonian and essential tremor</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Jan</namePart><namePart type="family">Raethjen</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">MD</namePart><affiliation>Departments of Neurology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Michael</namePart><namePart type="family">Lindemann</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">MSc</namePart><affiliation>Departments of Neurology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Holger</namePart><namePart type="family">Schmaljohann</namePart><affiliation>Departments of Neurology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Roland</namePart><namePart type="family">Wenzelburger</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">MD</namePart><affiliation>Departments of Neurology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Gerd</namePart><namePart type="family">Pfister</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">PhD</namePart><affiliation>Departments of Neurology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Günther</namePart><namePart type="family">Deuschl</namePart><namePart type="termsOfAddress">MD</namePart><affiliation>Departments of Neurology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany</affiliation><description>Correspondence: Department of Neurology, University of Kiel, Niemannsweg 147, 24105 Kiel, Germany</description><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre authority="originalCategForm">article</genre><originInfo><publisher>John Wiley & Sons, Inc.</publisher><place><placeTerm type="text">New York</placeTerm></place><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2000-01</dateIssued><dateCaptured encoding="w3cdtf">1999-04-06</dateCaptured><dateValid encoding="w3cdtf">1999-08-31</dateValid><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2000</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType><extent unit="figures">8</extent><extent unit="references">50</extent><extent unit="words">6827</extent></physicalDescription><abstract lang="fr">The tremors of Parkinson's disease (PD) and essential tremor (ET) are traditionally considered to depend on a central oscillator producing rhythmic activation of the motoneurones of all extremities. To test this hypothesis, we have compared electromyographic tremor activity in different muscles of the affected limbs using cross spectral analysis, including coherence and phase. Surface electromyographic recordings from both arms, legs, and the neck were analyzed in 22 patients with PD and 28 patients with ET. Volume conduction between neighboring muscles producing artificial “coherence” has been found to be an important methodologic problem. We have developed a mathematical test to exclude data that could distort the results. According to this test, 10% or 25% of muscle combinations from the same limb had to be excluded from further analysis in PD or ET, respectively. In both, patients with PD and ET, we found a considerable number of muscle combinations oscillating at virtually the same frequency (▵ frequency <0.4 Hz) without showing a significant coherence. Thus, the frequency difference between different muscles is not sufficient to measure the correlation between two muscles. Significant coherencies between muscles within the same arm or leg were found in 70% or 90% of patients with PD or ET, respectively, whereas only one patient with PD and not a single patient with ET showed significant coherencies between muscles from different limbs. The phase between coherent muscles of the same arm of patients with PD showed a preference of either a reciprocal alternating pattern for antagonistic muscles in forearm flexor and upper arm extensor as opposed to a co‐contraction pattern between the hand flexors and the triceps brachii. In patients with ET such clear differences were lacking. We conclude that multiple oscillators are responsible for the tremor in different extremities of patients with PD and ET. Differences between PD and ET concerning the phase relation within the arm may either be related to the topography within the basal ganglia or to differently involvedspinal pathways.</abstract><note type="funding">German Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF)</note><note type="funding">German Research Council (DFG)</note><subject lang="en"><genre>Keywords</genre><topic>Parkinson's disease</topic><topic>Essential tremor</topic><topic>Topography</topic><topic>Frequency</topic><topic>Coherence‐analysis</topic><topic>Central oscillators</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Movement Disorders</title><subTitle>Official Journal of the Movement Disorder Society</subTitle></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>Mov. Disord.</title></titleInfo><subject><genre>article category</genre><topic>Article</topic></subject><identifier type="ISSN">0885-3185</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1531-8257</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1002/(ISSN)1531-8257</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">MDS</identifier><part><date>2000</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>15</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>1</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>84</start><end>94</end><total>11</total></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">CE7F48C09E1CD4CE4D035D064EFD0C05E9CAE8AB</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1002/1531-8257(200001)15:1<84::AID-MDS1014>3.0.CO;2-K</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">MDS1014</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">Copyright © 2000 Movement Disorder Society</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordOrigin>John Wiley & Sons, Inc.</recordOrigin><recordContentSource>WILEY</recordContentSource></recordInfo></mods></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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