Improved assembly of noisy long reads by k-mer validation.
Identifieur interne : 000E98 ( PubMed/Curation ); précédent : 000E97; suivant : 000E99Improved assembly of noisy long reads by k-mer validation.
Auteurs : Antonio Bernardo Carvalho [Brésil] ; Eduardo G. Dupim [Brésil] ; Gabriel Goldstein [Brésil]Source :
- Genome research [ 1549-5469 ] ; 2016.
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Abstract
Genome assembly depends critically on read length. Two recent technologies, from Pacific Biosciences (PacBio) and Oxford Nanopore, produce read lengths >20 kb, which yield de novo genome assemblies with vastly greater contiguity than those based on Sanger, Illumina, or other technologies. However, the very high error rates of these two new technologies (∼15% per base) makes assembly imprecise at repeats longer than the read length and computationally expensive. Here we show that the contiguity and quality of the assembly of these noisy long reads can be significantly improved at a minimal cost, by leveraging on the low error rate and low cost of Illumina short reads. Namely, k-mers from the PacBio raw reads that are not present in Illumina reads (which account for ∼95% of the distinct k-mers) are deemed sequencing errors and ignored at the seed alignment step. By focusing on the ∼5% of k-mers that are error free, read overlap sensitivity is dramatically increased. Of equal importance, the validation procedure can be extended to exclude repetitive k-mers, which prevents read miscorrection at repeats and further improves the resulting assemblies. We tested the k-mer validation procedure using one long-read technology (PacBio) and one assembler (MHAP/Celera Assembler), but it is very likely to yield analogous improvements with alternative long-read technologies and assemblers, such as Oxford Nanopore and BLASR/DALIGNER/Falcon, respectively.
DOI: 10.1101/gr.209247.116
PubMed: 27831497
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Dupim</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21941-971, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea>Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21941-971, Rio de Janeiro</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Goldstein, Gabriel" sort="Goldstein, Gabriel" uniqKey="Goldstein G" first="Gabriel" last="Goldstein">Gabriel Goldstein</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21941-971, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea>Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21941-971, Rio de Janeiro</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2016">2016</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:27831497</idno><idno type="pmid">27831497</idno><idno type="doi">10.1101/gr.209247.116</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000E98</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000E98</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">000E98</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Curation">000E98</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Improved assembly of noisy long reads by k-mer validation.</title><author><name sortKey="Carvalho, Antonio Bernardo" sort="Carvalho, Antonio Bernardo" uniqKey="Carvalho A" first="Antonio Bernardo" last="Carvalho">Antonio Bernardo Carvalho</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21941-971, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea>Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21941-971, Rio de Janeiro</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dupim, Eduardo G" sort="Dupim, Eduardo G" uniqKey="Dupim E" first="Eduardo G" last="Dupim">Eduardo G. Dupim</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21941-971, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea>Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21941-971, Rio de Janeiro</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Goldstein, Gabriel" sort="Goldstein, Gabriel" uniqKey="Goldstein G" first="Gabriel" last="Goldstein">Gabriel Goldstein</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21941-971, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea>Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21941-971, Rio de Janeiro</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Genome research</title><idno type="eISSN">1549-5469</idno><imprint><date when="2016" type="published">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Algorithms</term><term>Animals</term><term>Contig Mapping (methods)</term><term>Contig Mapping (standards)</term><term>High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing (methods)</term><term>High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing (standards)</term><term>Humans</term><term>Nanopores</term><term>Sequence Analysis, DNA (methods)</term><term>Sequence Analysis, DNA (standards)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Algorithmes</term><term>Analyse de séquence d'ADN ()</term><term>Analyse de séquence d'ADN (normes)</term><term>Animaux</term><term>Cartographie de contigs ()</term><term>Cartographie de contigs (normes)</term><term>Humains</term><term>Nanopores</term><term>Séquençage nucléotidique à haut débit ()</term><term>Séquençage nucléotidique à haut débit (normes)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="methods" xml:lang="en"><term>Contig Mapping</term><term>High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing</term><term>Sequence Analysis, DNA</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="normes" xml:lang="fr"><term>Analyse de séquence d'ADN</term><term>Cartographie de contigs</term><term>Séquençage nucléotidique à haut débit</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="standards" xml:lang="en"><term>Contig Mapping</term><term>High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing</term><term>Sequence Analysis, DNA</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Algorithms</term><term>Animals</term><term>Humans</term><term>Nanopores</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Algorithmes</term><term>Analyse de séquence d'ADN</term><term>Animaux</term><term>Cartographie de contigs</term><term>Humains</term><term>Nanopores</term><term>Séquençage nucléotidique à haut débit</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Genome assembly depends critically on read length. Two recent technologies, from Pacific Biosciences (PacBio) and Oxford Nanopore, produce read lengths >20 kb, which yield de novo genome assemblies with vastly greater contiguity than those based on Sanger, Illumina, or other technologies. However, the very high error rates of these two new technologies (∼15% per base) makes assembly imprecise at repeats longer than the read length and computationally expensive. Here we show that the contiguity and quality of the assembly of these noisy long reads can be significantly improved at a minimal cost, by leveraging on the low error rate and low cost of Illumina short reads. Namely, k-mers from the PacBio raw reads that are not present in Illumina reads (which account for ∼95% of the distinct k-mers) are deemed sequencing errors and ignored at the seed alignment step. By focusing on the ∼5% of k-mers that are error free, read overlap sensitivity is dramatically increased. Of equal importance, the validation procedure can be extended to exclude repetitive k-mers, which prevents read miscorrection at repeats and further improves the resulting assemblies. We tested the k-mer validation procedure using one long-read technology (PacBio) and one assembler (MHAP/Celera Assembler), but it is very likely to yield analogous improvements with alternative long-read technologies and assemblers, such as Oxford Nanopore and BLASR/DALIGNER/Falcon, respectively.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">27831497</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2017</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>15</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2019</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>15</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1549-5469</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>26</Volume><Issue>12</Issue><PubDate><Year>2016</Year><Month>12</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Genome research</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Genome Res.</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Improved assembly of noisy long reads by k-mer validation.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>1710-1720</MedlinePgn></Pagination><Abstract><AbstractText>Genome assembly depends critically on read length. Two recent technologies, from Pacific Biosciences (PacBio) and Oxford Nanopore, produce read lengths >20 kb, which yield de novo genome assemblies with vastly greater contiguity than those based on Sanger, Illumina, or other technologies. However, the very high error rates of these two new technologies (∼15% per base) makes assembly imprecise at repeats longer than the read length and computationally expensive. Here we show that the contiguity and quality of the assembly of these noisy long reads can be significantly improved at a minimal cost, by leveraging on the low error rate and low cost of Illumina short reads. Namely, k-mers from the PacBio raw reads that are not present in Illumina reads (which account for ∼95% of the distinct k-mers) are deemed sequencing errors and ignored at the seed alignment step. By focusing on the ∼5% of k-mers that are error free, read overlap sensitivity is dramatically increased. Of equal importance, the validation procedure can be extended to exclude repetitive k-mers, which prevents read miscorrection at repeats and further improves the resulting assemblies. We tested the k-mer validation procedure using one long-read technology (PacBio) and one assembler (MHAP/Celera Assembler), but it is very likely to yield analogous improvements with alternative long-read technologies and assemblers, such as Oxford Nanopore and BLASR/DALIGNER/Falcon, respectively.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>© 2016 Carvalho et al.; Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Carvalho</LastName><ForeName>Antonio Bernardo</ForeName><Initials>AB</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">0000-0001-8959-6469</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21941-971, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Dupim</LastName><ForeName>Eduardo G</ForeName><Initials>EG</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21941-971, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Goldstein</LastName><ForeName>Gabriel</ForeName><Initials>G</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21941-971, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2016</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>07</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>Genome Res</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>9518021</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1088-9051</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000465" 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