Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: risk factors and determinants of primary, household, and nosocomial transmission.
Identifieur interne : 000922 ( PubMed/Curation ); précédent : 000921; suivant : 000923Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: risk factors and determinants of primary, household, and nosocomial transmission.
Auteurs : David S. Hui [République populaire de Chine] ; Esam I. Azhar [Arabie saoudite] ; Yae-Jean Kim [Corée du Sud] ; Ziad A. Memish [États-Unis] ; Myoung-Don Oh [Corée du Sud] ; Alimuddin Zumla [Royaume-Uni]Source :
- The Lancet. Infectious diseases [ 1474-4457 ] ; 2018.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Animaux, Arabie saoudite (épidémiologie), Caractéristiques familiales, Chameaux, Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient (isolement et purification), Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient (pathogénicité), Facteurs de risque, Flambées de maladies, Humains, Infection croisée, Infections à coronavirus (diagnostic), Infections à coronavirus (mortalité), Infections à coronavirus (épidémiologie), Santé mondiale, Transmission de maladie infectieuse, Zoonoses.
- MESH :
- diagnostic : Infections à coronavirus.
- isolement et purification : Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient.
- mortalité : Infections à coronavirus.
- pathogénicité : Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient.
- épidémiologie : Arabie saoudite, Infections à coronavirus.
- Animaux, Caractéristiques familiales, Chameaux, Facteurs de risque, Flambées de maladies, Humains, Infection croisée, Santé mondiale, Transmission de maladie infectieuse, Zoonoses.
- Wicri :
- geographic : Arabie saoudite.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Animals, Camelus, Coronavirus Infections (diagnosis), Coronavirus Infections (epidemiology), Coronavirus Infections (mortality), Cross Infection, Disease Outbreaks, Disease Transmission, Infectious, Family Characteristics, Global Health, Humans, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (isolation & purification), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (pathogenicity), Risk Factors, Saudi Arabia (epidemiology), Zoonoses.
- MESH :
- geographic , epidemiology : Saudi Arabia.
- diagnosis : Coronavirus Infections.
- epidemiology : Coronavirus Infections.
- isolation & purification : Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus.
- mortality : Coronavirus Infections.
- pathogenicity : Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus.
- Animals, Camelus, Cross Infection, Disease Outbreaks, Disease Transmission, Infectious, Family Characteristics, Global Health, Humans, Risk Factors, Zoonoses.
Abstract
Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a lethal zoonosis that causes death in 35·7% of cases. As of Feb 28, 2018, 2182 cases of MERS-CoV infection (with 779 deaths) in 27 countries were reported to WHO worldwide, with most being reported in Saudi Arabia (1807 cases with 705 deaths). MERS-CoV features prominently in the WHO blueprint list of priority pathogens that threaten global health security. Although primary transmission of MERS-CoV to human beings is linked to exposure to dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius), the exact mode by which MERS-CoV infection is acquired remains undefined. Up to 50% of MERS-CoV cases in Saudi Arabia have been classified as secondary, occurring from human-to-human transmission through contact with asymptomatic or symptomatic individuals infected with MERS-CoV. Hospital outbreaks of MERS-CoV are a hallmark of MERS-CoV infection. The clinical features associated with MERS-CoV infection are not MERS-specific and are similar to other respiratory tract infections. Thus, the diagnosis of MERS can easily be missed, unless the doctor or health-care worker has a high degree of clinical awareness and the patient undergoes specific testing for MERS-CoV. The largest outbreak of MERS-CoV outside the Arabian Peninsula occurred in South Korea in May, 2015, resulting in 186 cases with 38 deaths. This outbreak was caused by a traveller with undiagnosed MERS-CoV infection who became ill after returning to Seoul from a trip to the Middle East. The traveller visited several health facilities in South Korea, transmitting the virus to many other individuals long before a diagnosis was made. With 10 million pilgrims visiting Saudi Arabia each year from 182 countries, watchful surveillance by public health systems, and a high degree of clinical awareness of the possibility of MERS-CoV infection is essential. In this Review, we provide a comprehensive update and synthesis of the latest available data on the epidemiology, determinants, and risk factors of primary, household, and nosocomial transmission of MERS-CoV, and suggest measures to reduce risk of transmission.
DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(18)30127-0
PubMed: 29680581
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a lethal zoonosis that causes death in 35·7% of cases. As of Feb 28, 2018, 2182 cases of MERS-CoV infection (with 779 deaths) in 27 countries were reported to WHO worldwide, with most being reported in Saudi Arabia (1807 cases with 705 deaths). MERS-CoV features prominently in the WHO blueprint list of priority pathogens that threaten global health security. Although primary transmission of MERS-CoV to human beings is linked to exposure to dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius), the exact mode by which MERS-CoV infection is acquired remains undefined. Up to 50% of MERS-CoV cases in Saudi Arabia have been classified as secondary, occurring from human-to-human transmission through contact with asymptomatic or symptomatic individuals infected with MERS-CoV. Hospital outbreaks of MERS-CoV are a hallmark of MERS-CoV infection. The clinical features associated with MERS-CoV infection are not MERS-specific and are similar to other respiratory tract infections. Thus, the diagnosis of MERS can easily be missed, unless the doctor or health-care worker has a high degree of clinical awareness and the patient undergoes specific testing for MERS-CoV. The largest outbreak of MERS-CoV outside the Arabian Peninsula occurred in South Korea in May, 2015, resulting in 186 cases with 38 deaths. This outbreak was caused by a traveller with undiagnosed MERS-CoV infection who became ill after returning to Seoul from a trip to the Middle East. The traveller visited several health facilities in South Korea, transmitting the virus to many other individuals long before a diagnosis was made. With 10 million pilgrims visiting Saudi Arabia each year from 182 countries, watchful surveillance by public health systems, and a high degree of clinical awareness of the possibility of MERS-CoV infection is essential. In this Review, we provide a comprehensive update and synthesis of the latest available data on the epidemiology, determinants, and risk factors of primary, household, and nosocomial transmission of MERS-CoV, and suggest measures to reduce risk of transmission.</div>
</front>
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<Abstract><AbstractText>Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a lethal zoonosis that causes death in 35·7% of cases. As of Feb 28, 2018, 2182 cases of MERS-CoV infection (with 779 deaths) in 27 countries were reported to WHO worldwide, with most being reported in Saudi Arabia (1807 cases with 705 deaths). MERS-CoV features prominently in the WHO blueprint list of priority pathogens that threaten global health security. Although primary transmission of MERS-CoV to human beings is linked to exposure to dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius), the exact mode by which MERS-CoV infection is acquired remains undefined. Up to 50% of MERS-CoV cases in Saudi Arabia have been classified as secondary, occurring from human-to-human transmission through contact with asymptomatic or symptomatic individuals infected with MERS-CoV. Hospital outbreaks of MERS-CoV are a hallmark of MERS-CoV infection. The clinical features associated with MERS-CoV infection are not MERS-specific and are similar to other respiratory tract infections. Thus, the diagnosis of MERS can easily be missed, unless the doctor or health-care worker has a high degree of clinical awareness and the patient undergoes specific testing for MERS-CoV. The largest outbreak of MERS-CoV outside the Arabian Peninsula occurred in South Korea in May, 2015, resulting in 186 cases with 38 deaths. This outbreak was caused by a traveller with undiagnosed MERS-CoV infection who became ill after returning to Seoul from a trip to the Middle East. The traveller visited several health facilities in South Korea, transmitting the virus to many other individuals long before a diagnosis was made. With 10 million pilgrims visiting Saudi Arabia each year from 182 countries, watchful surveillance by public health systems, and a high degree of clinical awareness of the possibility of MERS-CoV infection is essential. In this Review, we provide a comprehensive update and synthesis of the latest available data on the epidemiology, determinants, and risk factors of primary, household, and nosocomial transmission of MERS-CoV, and suggest measures to reduce risk of transmission.</AbstractText>
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<ForeName>David S</ForeName>
<Initials>DS</Initials>
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