Diversity of Dromedary Camel Coronavirus HKU23 in African Camels Revealed Multiple Recombination Events among Closely Related Betacoronaviruses of the Subgenus Embecovirus.
Identifieur interne : 000416 ( PubMed/Curation ); précédent : 000415; suivant : 000417Diversity of Dromedary Camel Coronavirus HKU23 in African Camels Revealed Multiple Recombination Events among Closely Related Betacoronaviruses of the Subgenus Embecovirus.
Auteurs : Ray T Y. So [République populaire de Chine] ; Daniel K W. Chu [République populaire de Chine] ; Eve Miguel [France] ; Ranawaka A P M. Perera [République populaire de Chine] ; Jamiu O. Oladipo [République populaire de Chine] ; Ouafaa Fassi-Fihri [Maroc] ; Gelagay Aylet [Éthiopie] ; Ronald L W. Ko [République populaire de Chine] ; Ziqi Zhou [République populaire de Chine] ; Mo-Sheung Cheng [République populaire de Chine] ; Sulyman A. Kuranga [Nigeria] ; François L. Roger [France] ; Veronique Chevalier [France] ; Richard J. Webby [États-Unis] ; Patrick C Y. Woo [République populaire de Chine] ; Leo L M. Poon [République populaire de Chine] ; Malik Peiris [Hong Kong]Source :
- Journal of virology [ 1098-5514 ] ; 2019.
Abstract
Genetic recombination has frequently been observed in coronaviruses. Here, we sequenced multiple complete genomes of dromedary camel coronavirus HKU23 (DcCoV-HKU23) from Nigeria, Morocco, and Ethiopia and identified several genomic positions indicative of cross-species virus recombination events among other betacoronaviruses of the subgenus Embecovirus (clade A beta-CoVs). Recombinant fragments of a rabbit coronavirus (RbCoV-HKU14) were identified at the hemagglutinin esterase gene position. Homolog fragments of a rodent CoV were also observed at 8.9-kDa open reading frame 4a at the 3' end of the spike gene. The patterns of recombination differed geographically across the African region, highlighting a mosaic structure of DcCoV-HKU23 genomes circulating in dromedaries. Our results highlighted active recombination of coronaviruses circulating in dromedaries and are also relevant to the emergence and evolution of other betacoronaviruses, including Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV).IMPORTANCE Genetic recombination is often demonstrated in coronaviruses and can result in host range expansion or alteration in tissue tropism. Here, we showed interspecies events of recombination of an endemic dromedary camel coronavirus, HKU23, with other clade A betacoronaviruses. Our results supported the possibility that the zoonotic pathogen MERS-CoV, which also cocirculates in the same camel species, may have undergone similar recombination events facilitating its emergence or may do so in its future evolution.
DOI: 10.1128/JVI.01236-19
PubMed: 31534035
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Diversity of Dromedary Camel Coronavirus HKU23 in African Camels Revealed Multiple Recombination Events among Closely Related Betacoronaviruses of the Subgenus Embecovirus.</title><author><name sortKey="So, Ray T Y" sort="So, Ray T Y" uniqKey="So R" first="Ray T Y" last="So">Ray T Y. So</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Republic of China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chu, Daniel K W" sort="Chu, Daniel K W" uniqKey="Chu D" first="Daniel K W" last="Chu">Daniel K W. Chu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Republic of China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Miguel, Eve" sort="Miguel, Eve" uniqKey="Miguel E" first="Eve" last="Miguel">Eve Miguel</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>MIVEGEC Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Ecologie, Génétique, Evolution et Contrôle, IRD L'Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, CNRS Centre National de Recherche Scientifique, Universitè de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>MIVEGEC Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Ecologie, Génétique, Evolution et Contrôle, IRD L'Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, CNRS Centre National de Recherche Scientifique, Universitè de Montpellier, Montpellier</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Perera, Ranawaka A P M" sort="Perera, Ranawaka A P M" uniqKey="Perera R" first="Ranawaka A P M" last="Perera">Ranawaka A P M. Perera</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Republic of China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Oladipo, Jamiu O" sort="Oladipo, Jamiu O" uniqKey="Oladipo J" first="Jamiu O" last="Oladipo">Jamiu O. 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Ko</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Republic of China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhou, Ziqi" sort="Zhou, Ziqi" uniqKey="Zhou Z" first="Ziqi" last="Zhou">Ziqi Zhou</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Republic of China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cheng, Mo Sheung" sort="Cheng, Mo Sheung" uniqKey="Cheng M" first="Mo-Sheung" last="Cheng">Mo-Sheung Cheng</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Republic of China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kuranga, Sulyman A" sort="Kuranga, Sulyman A" uniqKey="Kuranga S" first="Sulyman A" last="Kuranga">Sulyman A. Kuranga</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Surgery, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Surgery, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Roger, Francois L" sort="Roger, Francois L" uniqKey="Roger F" first="François L" last="Roger">François L. Roger</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Animal, Santé, Territoires, Risques et Ecosystèmes, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Animal, Santé, Territoires, Risques et Ecosystèmes, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chevalier, Veronique" sort="Chevalier, Veronique" uniqKey="Chevalier V" first="Veronique" last="Chevalier">Veronique Chevalier</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Animal, Santé, Territoires, Risques et Ecosystèmes, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Animal, Santé, Territoires, Risques et Ecosystèmes, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Webby, Richard J" sort="Webby, Richard J" uniqKey="Webby R" first="Richard J" last="Webby">Richard J. Webby</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Woo, Patrick C Y" sort="Woo, Patrick C Y" uniqKey="Woo P" first="Patrick C Y" last="Woo">Patrick C Y. Woo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Republic of China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Poon, Leo L M" sort="Poon, Leo L M" uniqKey="Poon L" first="Leo L M" last="Poon">Leo L M. Poon</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Republic of China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Peiris, Malik" sort="Peiris, Malik" uniqKey="Peiris M" first="Malik" last="Peiris">Malik Peiris</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Republic of China malik@hku.hk.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">Hong Kong</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2019">2019</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:31534035</idno><idno type="pmid">31534035</idno><idno type="doi">10.1128/JVI.01236-19</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000416</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000416</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">000416</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Curation">000416</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Diversity of Dromedary Camel Coronavirus HKU23 in African Camels Revealed Multiple Recombination Events among Closely Related Betacoronaviruses of the Subgenus Embecovirus.</title><author><name sortKey="So, Ray T Y" sort="So, Ray T Y" uniqKey="So R" first="Ray T Y" last="So">Ray T Y. So</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Republic of China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chu, Daniel K W" sort="Chu, Daniel K W" uniqKey="Chu D" first="Daniel K W" last="Chu">Daniel K W. Chu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Republic of China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Miguel, Eve" sort="Miguel, Eve" uniqKey="Miguel E" first="Eve" last="Miguel">Eve Miguel</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>MIVEGEC Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Ecologie, Génétique, Evolution et Contrôle, IRD L'Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, CNRS Centre National de Recherche Scientifique, Universitè de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>MIVEGEC Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Ecologie, Génétique, Evolution et Contrôle, IRD L'Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, CNRS Centre National de Recherche Scientifique, Universitè de Montpellier, Montpellier</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Perera, Ranawaka A P M" sort="Perera, Ranawaka A P M" uniqKey="Perera R" first="Ranawaka A P M" last="Perera">Ranawaka A P M. Perera</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Republic of China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Oladipo, Jamiu O" sort="Oladipo, Jamiu O" uniqKey="Oladipo J" first="Jamiu O" last="Oladipo">Jamiu O. Oladipo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Republic of China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fassi Fihri, Ouafaa" sort="Fassi Fihri, Ouafaa" uniqKey="Fassi Fihri O" first="Ouafaa" last="Fassi-Fihri">Ouafaa Fassi-Fihri</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institut Agronomique et Vétérinaire, Hassan II Université, Rabat, Morocco.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Maroc</country><wicri:regionArea>Institut Agronomique et Vétérinaire, Hassan II Université, Rabat</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Aylet, Gelagay" sort="Aylet, Gelagay" uniqKey="Aylet G" first="Gelagay" last="Aylet">Gelagay Aylet</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Pan African Veterinary Center of the African Union (AU-PANVAC), Debre Zeit, Ethiopia.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Éthiopie</country><wicri:regionArea>Pan African Veterinary Center of the African Union (AU-PANVAC), Debre Zeit</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ko, Ronald L W" sort="Ko, Ronald L W" uniqKey="Ko R" first="Ronald L W" last="Ko">Ronald L W. Ko</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Republic of China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhou, Ziqi" sort="Zhou, Ziqi" uniqKey="Zhou Z" first="Ziqi" last="Zhou">Ziqi Zhou</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Republic of China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cheng, Mo Sheung" sort="Cheng, Mo Sheung" uniqKey="Cheng M" first="Mo-Sheung" last="Cheng">Mo-Sheung Cheng</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Republic of China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kuranga, Sulyman A" sort="Kuranga, Sulyman A" uniqKey="Kuranga S" first="Sulyman A" last="Kuranga">Sulyman A. Kuranga</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Surgery, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Surgery, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Roger, Francois L" sort="Roger, Francois L" uniqKey="Roger F" first="François L" last="Roger">François L. Roger</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Animal, Santé, Territoires, Risques et Ecosystèmes, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Animal, Santé, Territoires, Risques et Ecosystèmes, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chevalier, Veronique" sort="Chevalier, Veronique" uniqKey="Chevalier V" first="Veronique" last="Chevalier">Veronique Chevalier</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Animal, Santé, Territoires, Risques et Ecosystèmes, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Animal, Santé, Territoires, Risques et Ecosystèmes, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Webby, Richard J" sort="Webby, Richard J" uniqKey="Webby R" first="Richard J" last="Webby">Richard J. Webby</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Woo, Patrick C Y" sort="Woo, Patrick C Y" uniqKey="Woo P" first="Patrick C Y" last="Woo">Patrick C Y. Woo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Republic of China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Poon, Leo L M" sort="Poon, Leo L M" uniqKey="Poon L" first="Leo L M" last="Poon">Leo L M. Poon</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Republic of China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Peiris, Malik" sort="Peiris, Malik" uniqKey="Peiris M" first="Malik" last="Peiris">Malik Peiris</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Republic of China malik@hku.hk.</nlm:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">Hong Kong</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Journal of virology</title><idno type="eISSN">1098-5514</idno><imprint><date when="2019" type="published">2019</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Genetic recombination has frequently been observed in coronaviruses. Here, we sequenced multiple complete genomes of dromedary camel coronavirus HKU23 (DcCoV-HKU23) from Nigeria, Morocco, and Ethiopia and identified several genomic positions indicative of cross-species virus recombination events among other betacoronaviruses of the subgenus Embecovirus (clade A beta-CoVs). Recombinant fragments of a rabbit coronavirus (RbCoV-HKU14) were identified at the hemagglutinin esterase gene position. Homolog fragments of a rodent CoV were also observed at 8.9-kDa open reading frame 4a at the 3' end of the spike gene. The patterns of recombination differed geographically across the African region, highlighting a mosaic structure of DcCoV-HKU23 genomes circulating in dromedaries. Our results highlighted active recombination of coronaviruses circulating in dromedaries and are also relevant to the emergence and evolution of other betacoronaviruses, including Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV).<b>IMPORTANCE</b> Genetic recombination is often demonstrated in coronaviruses and can result in host range expansion or alteration in tissue tropism. Here, we showed interspecies events of recombination of an endemic dromedary camel coronavirus, HKU23, with other clade A betacoronaviruses. Our results supported the possibility that the zoonotic pathogen MERS-CoV, which also cocirculates in the same camel species, may have undergone similar recombination events facilitating its emergence or may do so in its future evolution.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="In-Data-Review" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">31534035</PMID><DateRevised><Year>2019</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>27</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic-Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1098-5514</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>93</Volume><Issue>23</Issue><PubDate><Year>2019</Year><Month>Dec</Month><Day>01</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Journal of virology</Title><ISOAbbreviation>J. Virol.</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Diversity of Dromedary Camel Coronavirus HKU23 in African Camels Revealed Multiple Recombination Events among Closely Related Betacoronaviruses of the Subgenus Embecovirus.</ArticleTitle><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">e01236-19</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1128/JVI.01236-19</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Genetic recombination has frequently been observed in coronaviruses. Here, we sequenced multiple complete genomes of dromedary camel coronavirus HKU23 (DcCoV-HKU23) from Nigeria, Morocco, and Ethiopia and identified several genomic positions indicative of cross-species virus recombination events among other betacoronaviruses of the subgenus Embecovirus (clade A beta-CoVs). Recombinant fragments of a rabbit coronavirus (RbCoV-HKU14) were identified at the hemagglutinin esterase gene position. Homolog fragments of a rodent CoV were also observed at 8.9-kDa open reading frame 4a at the 3' end of the spike gene. The patterns of recombination differed geographically across the African region, highlighting a mosaic structure of DcCoV-HKU23 genomes circulating in dromedaries. Our results highlighted active recombination of coronaviruses circulating in dromedaries and are also relevant to the emergence and evolution of other betacoronaviruses, including Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV).<b>IMPORTANCE</b> Genetic recombination is often demonstrated in coronaviruses and can result in host range expansion or alteration in tissue tropism. Here, we showed interspecies events of recombination of an endemic dromedary camel coronavirus, HKU23, with other clade A betacoronaviruses. Our results supported the possibility that the zoonotic pathogen MERS-CoV, which also cocirculates in the same camel species, may have undergone similar recombination events facilitating its emergence or may do so in its future evolution.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2019 American Society for Microbiology.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>So</LastName><ForeName>Ray T Y</ForeName><Initials>RTY</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Republic of China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chu</LastName><ForeName>Daniel K W</ForeName><Initials>DKW</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Republic of China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Miguel</LastName><ForeName>Eve</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>MIVEGEC Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Ecologie, Génétique, Evolution et Contrôle, IRD L'Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, CNRS Centre National de Recherche Scientifique, Universitè de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Perera</LastName><ForeName>Ranawaka A P M</ForeName><Initials>RAPM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Republic of China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Oladipo</LastName><ForeName>Jamiu O</ForeName><Initials>JO</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Republic of China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Surgery, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Fassi-Fihri</LastName><ForeName>Ouafaa</ForeName><Initials>O</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institut Agronomique et Vétérinaire, Hassan II Université, Rabat, Morocco.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Aylet</LastName><ForeName>Gelagay</ForeName><Initials>G</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Pan African Veterinary Center of the African Union (AU-PANVAC), Debre Zeit, Ethiopia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ko</LastName><ForeName>Ronald L W</ForeName><Initials>RLW</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Republic of China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhou</LastName><ForeName>Ziqi</ForeName><Initials>Z</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Republic of China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cheng</LastName><ForeName>Mo-Sheung</ForeName><Initials>MS</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Republic of China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kuranga</LastName><ForeName>Sulyman A</ForeName><Initials>SA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Surgery, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Roger</LastName><ForeName>François L</ForeName><Initials>FL</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Animal, Santé, Territoires, Risques et Ecosystèmes, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chevalier</LastName><ForeName>Veronique</ForeName><Initials>V</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Animal, Santé, Territoires, Risques et Ecosystèmes, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Webby</LastName><ForeName>Richard J</ForeName><Initials>RJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Woo</LastName><ForeName>Patrick C Y</ForeName><Initials>PCY</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9401-1832</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Republic of China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Poon</LastName><ForeName>Leo L M</ForeName><Initials>LLM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Republic of China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Peiris</LastName><ForeName>Malik</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8217-5995</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Republic of China malik@hku.hk.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><GrantList CompleteYN="Y"><Grant><GrantID>HHSN272201400006C</GrantID><Acronym>AI</Acronym><Agency>NIAID NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant></GrantList><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2019</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>13</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>J Virol</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>0113724</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0022-538X</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">betacoronaviruses</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">coronaviruses</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">dromedary camels</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">evolution</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">phylogeny</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">recombination</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2019</Year><Month>07</Month><Day>29</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2019</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>11</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pmc-release"><Year>2020</Year><Month>05</Month><Day>13</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2019</Year><Month>9</Month><Day>20</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate 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