The host immune response in respiratory virus infection: balancing virus clearance and immunopathology.
Identifieur interne : 001213 ( PubMed/Corpus ); précédent : 001212; suivant : 001214The host immune response in respiratory virus infection: balancing virus clearance and immunopathology.
Auteurs : Amy H. Newton ; Amber Cardani ; Thomas J. BracialeSource :
- Seminars in immunopathology [ 1863-2300 ] ; 2016.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adaptive Immunity, Animals, Cytokines (metabolism), Host-Pathogen Interactions (immunology), Humans, Immunity, Immunity, Innate, Inflammation Mediators (metabolism), Interferons (metabolism), Macrophages, Alveolar (immunology), Macrophages, Alveolar (metabolism), Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern Molecules (metabolism), Receptors, Pattern Recognition (metabolism), Respiratory Mucosa (immunology), Respiratory Mucosa (metabolism), Respiratory Mucosa (virology), Respiratory Tract Infections (immunology), Respiratory Tract Infections (metabolism), Respiratory Tract Infections (pathology), Respiratory Tract Infections (virology).
- MESH :
- chemical , metabolism : Cytokines, Inflammation Mediators, Interferons, Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern Molecules, Receptors, Pattern Recognition.
- immunology : Host-Pathogen Interactions, Macrophages, Alveolar, Respiratory Mucosa, Respiratory Tract Infections.
- metabolism : Macrophages, Alveolar, Respiratory Mucosa, Respiratory Tract Infections.
- pathology : Respiratory Tract Infections.
- virology : Respiratory Mucosa, Respiratory Tract Infections.
- Adaptive Immunity, Animals, Humans, Immunity, Immunity, Innate.
Abstract
The respiratory tract is constantly exposed to the external environment, and therefore, must be equipped to respond to and eliminate pathogens. Viral clearance and resolution of infection requires a complex, multi-faceted response initiated by resident respiratory tract cells and innate immune cells and ultimately resolved by adaptive immune cells. Although an effective immune response to eliminate viral pathogens is essential, a prolonged or exaggerated response can damage the respiratory tract. Immune-mediated pulmonary damage is manifested clinically in a variety of ways depending on location and extent of injury. Thus, the antiviral immune response represents a balancing act between the elimination of virus and immune-mediated pulmonary injury. In this review, we highlight major components of the host response to acute viral infection and their role in contributing to mitigating respiratory damage. We also briefly describe common clinical manifestations of respiratory viral infection and morphological correlates. The continuing threat posed by pandemic influenza as well as the emergence of novel respiratory viruses also capable of producing severe acute lung injury such as SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and enterovirus D68, highlights the need for an understanding of the immune mechanisms that contribute to virus elimination and immune-mediated injury.
DOI: 10.1007/s00281-016-0558-0
PubMed: 26965109
Links to Exploration step
pubmed:26965109Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">The host immune response in respiratory virus infection: balancing virus clearance and immunopathology.</title><author><name sortKey="Newton, Amy H" sort="Newton, Amy H" uniqKey="Newton A" first="Amy H" last="Newton">Amy H. Newton</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 801386, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cardani, Amber" sort="Cardani, Amber" uniqKey="Cardani A" first="Amber" last="Cardani">Amber Cardani</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 801386, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Braciale, Thomas J" sort="Braciale, Thomas J" uniqKey="Braciale T" first="Thomas J" last="Braciale">Thomas J. Braciale</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 801386, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA. tjb2r@virginia.edu.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2016">2016</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:26965109</idno><idno type="pmid">26965109</idno><idno type="doi">10.1007/s00281-016-0558-0</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">001213</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">001213</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">The host immune response in respiratory virus infection: balancing virus clearance and immunopathology.</title><author><name sortKey="Newton, Amy H" sort="Newton, Amy H" uniqKey="Newton A" first="Amy H" last="Newton">Amy H. Newton</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 801386, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cardani, Amber" sort="Cardani, Amber" uniqKey="Cardani A" first="Amber" last="Cardani">Amber Cardani</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 801386, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Braciale, Thomas J" sort="Braciale, Thomas J" uniqKey="Braciale T" first="Thomas J" last="Braciale">Thomas J. Braciale</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 801386, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA. tjb2r@virginia.edu.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Seminars in immunopathology</title><idno type="eISSN">1863-2300</idno><imprint><date when="2016" type="published">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adaptive Immunity</term><term>Animals</term><term>Cytokines (metabolism)</term><term>Host-Pathogen Interactions (immunology)</term><term>Humans</term><term>Immunity</term><term>Immunity, Innate</term><term>Inflammation Mediators (metabolism)</term><term>Interferons (metabolism)</term><term>Macrophages, Alveolar (immunology)</term><term>Macrophages, Alveolar (metabolism)</term><term>Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern Molecules (metabolism)</term><term>Receptors, Pattern Recognition (metabolism)</term><term>Respiratory Mucosa (immunology)</term><term>Respiratory Mucosa (metabolism)</term><term>Respiratory Mucosa (virology)</term><term>Respiratory Tract Infections (immunology)</term><term>Respiratory Tract Infections (metabolism)</term><term>Respiratory Tract Infections (pathology)</term><term>Respiratory Tract Infections (virology)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en"><term>Cytokines</term><term>Inflammation Mediators</term><term>Interferons</term><term>Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern Molecules</term><term>Receptors, Pattern Recognition</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="immunology" xml:lang="en"><term>Host-Pathogen Interactions</term><term>Macrophages, Alveolar</term><term>Respiratory Mucosa</term><term>Respiratory Tract Infections</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en"><term>Macrophages, Alveolar</term><term>Respiratory Mucosa</term><term>Respiratory Tract Infections</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pathology" xml:lang="en"><term>Respiratory Tract Infections</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virology" xml:lang="en"><term>Respiratory Mucosa</term><term>Respiratory Tract Infections</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adaptive Immunity</term><term>Animals</term><term>Humans</term><term>Immunity</term><term>Immunity, Innate</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The respiratory tract is constantly exposed to the external environment, and therefore, must be equipped to respond to and eliminate pathogens. Viral clearance and resolution of infection requires a complex, multi-faceted response initiated by resident respiratory tract cells and innate immune cells and ultimately resolved by adaptive immune cells. Although an effective immune response to eliminate viral pathogens is essential, a prolonged or exaggerated response can damage the respiratory tract. Immune-mediated pulmonary damage is manifested clinically in a variety of ways depending on location and extent of injury. Thus, the antiviral immune response represents a balancing act between the elimination of virus and immune-mediated pulmonary injury. In this review, we highlight major components of the host response to acute viral infection and their role in contributing to mitigating respiratory damage. We also briefly describe common clinical manifestations of respiratory viral infection and morphological correlates. The continuing threat posed by pandemic influenza as well as the emergence of novel respiratory viruses also capable of producing severe acute lung injury such as SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and enterovirus D68, highlights the need for an understanding of the immune mechanisms that contribute to virus elimination and immune-mediated injury.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">26965109</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2017</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>26</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2018</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>13</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1863-2300</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>38</Volume><Issue>4</Issue><PubDate><Year>2016</Year><Month>07</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Seminars in immunopathology</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Semin Immunopathol</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>The host immune response in respiratory virus infection: balancing virus clearance and immunopathology.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>471-82</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1007/s00281-016-0558-0</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>The respiratory tract is constantly exposed to the external environment, and therefore, must be equipped to respond to and eliminate pathogens. Viral clearance and resolution of infection requires a complex, multi-faceted response initiated by resident respiratory tract cells and innate immune cells and ultimately resolved by adaptive immune cells. Although an effective immune response to eliminate viral pathogens is essential, a prolonged or exaggerated response can damage the respiratory tract. Immune-mediated pulmonary damage is manifested clinically in a variety of ways depending on location and extent of injury. Thus, the antiviral immune response represents a balancing act between the elimination of virus and immune-mediated pulmonary injury. In this review, we highlight major components of the host response to acute viral infection and their role in contributing to mitigating respiratory damage. We also briefly describe common clinical manifestations of respiratory viral infection and morphological correlates. The continuing threat posed by pandemic influenza as well as the emergence of novel respiratory viruses also capable of producing severe acute lung injury such as SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and enterovirus D68, highlights the need for an understanding of the immune mechanisms that contribute to virus elimination and immune-mediated injury.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Newton</LastName><ForeName>Amy H</ForeName><Initials>AH</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 801386, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cardani</LastName><ForeName>Amber</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 801386, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Braciale</LastName><ForeName>Thomas J</ForeName><Initials>TJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 801386, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA. tjb2r@virginia.edu.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA. tjb2r@virginia.edu.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA. tjb2r@virginia.edu.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><GrantList CompleteYN="Y"><Grant><GrantID>R01 AI015608</GrantID><Acronym>AI</Acronym><Agency>NIAID NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>R01 HL033391</GrantID><Acronym>HL</Acronym><Agency>NHLBI NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>T32 AI007496</GrantID><Acronym>AI</Acronym><Agency>NIAID NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant></GrantList><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal 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MajorTopicYN="Y">Immunity</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007113" MajorTopicYN="N">Immunity, Innate</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018836" MajorTopicYN="N">Inflammation Mediators</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007372" MajorTopicYN="N">Interferons</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D016676" MajorTopicYN="N">Macrophages, Alveolar</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="N">immunology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000069452" MajorTopicYN="N">Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern Molecules</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D051192" MajorTopicYN="N">Receptors, Pattern Recognition</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D020545" MajorTopicYN="N">Respiratory Mucosa</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="N">immunology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000821" MajorTopicYN="N">virology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012141" MajorTopicYN="N">Respiratory Tract Infections</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="Y">immunology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000473" MajorTopicYN="N">pathology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000821" MajorTopicYN="Y">virology</QualifierName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">Inflammatory response</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">Influenza</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">Lungs</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">Respiratory infection</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">Virus</Keyword></KeywordList><CoiStatement>The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.</CoiStatement></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2015</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>29</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2016</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>16</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2016</Year><Month>3</Month><Day>12</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2016</Year><Month>3</Month><Day>12</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate 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