MersV1, PubMed, Corpus, bibRecord, 000E88

Genetic and mechanistic diversity of piRNA 3'-end formation.

Identifieur interne : 000E88 ( PubMed/Corpus ); précédent : 000E87; suivant : 000E89

Genetic and mechanistic diversity of piRNA 3'-end formation.

Auteurs : Rippei Hayashi ; Jakob Schnabl ; Dominik Handler ; Fabio Mohn ; Stefan L. Ameres ; Julius Brennecke

Source :

Nature [ 1476-4687 ] ; 2016.

RBID : pubmed:27851737

English descriptors

KwdEn :
- Animals, Argonaute Proteins (metabolism), Cytoplasm (metabolism), Drosophila Proteins (deficiency), Drosophila Proteins (metabolism), Drosophila melanogaster (enzymology), Drosophila melanogaster (genetics), Drosophila melanogaster (metabolism), Endoribonucleases (deficiency), Endoribonucleases (metabolism), Exoribonucleases (deficiency), Exoribonucleases (metabolism), Female, Nuclear Proteins (metabolism), Peptide Initiation Factors (metabolism), RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional, RNA, Guide (metabolism), RNA, Small Interfering (biosynthesis), RNA, Small Interfering (chemistry), RNA, Small Interfering (genetics), RNA, Small Interfering (metabolism), Transcription, Genetic.
MESH :
- chemical , biosynthesis : RNA, Small Interfering.
- chemical , chemistry : RNA, Small Interfering.
- chemical , deficiency : Drosophila Proteins, Endoribonucleases, Exoribonucleases.
- chemical , genetics : RNA, Small Interfering.
- chemical , metabolism : Argonaute Proteins, Drosophila Proteins, Endoribonucleases, Exoribonucleases, Nuclear Proteins, Peptide Initiation Factors, RNA, Guide, RNA, Small Interfering.
- enzymology : Drosophila melanogaster.
- genetics : Drosophila melanogaster.
- metabolism : Cytoplasm, Drosophila melanogaster.
- Animals, Female, RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional, Transcription, Genetic.

Abstract

Small regulatory RNAs guide Argonaute (Ago) proteins in a sequence-specific manner to their targets and therefore have important roles in eukaryotic gene silencing. Of the three small RNA classes, microRNAs and short interfering RNAs are processed from double-stranded precursors into defined 21- to 23-mers by Dicer, an endoribonuclease with intrinsic ruler function. PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs)-the 22-30-nt-long guides for PIWI-clade Ago proteins that silence transposons in animal gonads-are generated independently of Dicer from single-stranded precursors. piRNA 5' ends are defined either by Zucchini, the Drosophila homologue of mitoPLD-a mitochondria-anchored endonuclease, or by piRNA-guided target cleavage. Formation of piRNA 3' ends is poorly understood. Here we report that two genetically and mechanistically distinct pathways generate piRNA 3' ends in Drosophila. The initiating nucleases are either Zucchini or the PIWI-clade proteins Aubergine (Aub) or Ago3. While Zucchini-mediated cleavages directly define mature piRNA 3' ends, Aub/Ago3-mediated cleavages liberate pre-piRNAs that require extensive resection by the 3'-to-5' exoribonuclease Nibbler (Drosophila homologue of Mut-7). The relative activity of these two pathways dictates the extent to which piRNAs are directed to cytoplasmic or nuclear PIWI-clade proteins and thereby sets the balance between post-transcriptional and transcriptional silencing. Notably, loss of both Zucchini and Nibbler reveals a minimal, Argonaute-driven small RNA biogenesis pathway in which piRNA 5' and 3' ends are directly produced by closely spaced Aub/Ago3-mediated cleavage events. Our data reveal a coherent model for piRNA biogenesis, and should aid the mechanistic dissection of the processes that govern piRNA 3'-end formation.

DOI: 10.1038/nature20162
PubMed: 27851737

Links to Exploration step

pubmed:27851737

Le document en format XML

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<term>Drosophila Proteins (metabolism)</term>
<term>Drosophila melanogaster (enzymology)</term>
<term>Drosophila melanogaster (genetics)</term>
<term>Drosophila melanogaster (metabolism)</term>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Small regulatory RNAs guide Argonaute (Ago) proteins in a sequence-specific manner to their targets and therefore have important roles in eukaryotic gene silencing. Of the three small RNA classes, microRNAs and short interfering RNAs are processed from double-stranded precursors into defined 21- to 23-mers by Dicer, an endoribonuclease with intrinsic ruler function. PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs)-the 22-30-nt-long guides for PIWI-clade Ago proteins that silence transposons in animal gonads-are generated independently of Dicer from single-stranded precursors. piRNA 5' ends are defined either by Zucchini, the Drosophila homologue of mitoPLD-a mitochondria-anchored endonuclease, or by piRNA-guided target cleavage. Formation of piRNA 3' ends is poorly understood. Here we report that two genetically and mechanistically distinct pathways generate piRNA 3' ends in Drosophila. The initiating nucleases are either Zucchini or the PIWI-clade proteins Aubergine (Aub) or Ago3. While Zucchini-mediated cleavages directly define mature piRNA 3' ends, Aub/Ago3-mediated cleavages liberate pre-piRNAs that require extensive resection by the 3'-to-5' exoribonuclease Nibbler (Drosophila homologue of Mut-7). The relative activity of these two pathways dictates the extent to which piRNAs are directed to cytoplasmic or nuclear PIWI-clade proteins and thereby sets the balance between post-transcriptional and transcriptional silencing. Notably, loss of both Zucchini and Nibbler reveals a minimal, Argonaute-driven small RNA biogenesis pathway in which piRNA 5' and 3' ends are directly produced by closely spaced Aub/Ago3-mediated cleavage events. Our data reveal a coherent model for piRNA biogenesis, and should aid the mechanistic dissection of the processes that govern piRNA 3'-end formation.</div>
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<Abstract><AbstractText>Small regulatory RNAs guide Argonaute (Ago) proteins in a sequence-specific manner to their targets and therefore have important roles in eukaryotic gene silencing. Of the three small RNA classes, microRNAs and short interfering RNAs are processed from double-stranded precursors into defined 21- to 23-mers by Dicer, an endoribonuclease with intrinsic ruler function. PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs)-the 22-30-nt-long guides for PIWI-clade Ago proteins that silence transposons in animal gonads-are generated independently of Dicer from single-stranded precursors. piRNA 5' ends are defined either by Zucchini, the Drosophila homologue of mitoPLD-a mitochondria-anchored endonuclease, or by piRNA-guided target cleavage. Formation of piRNA 3' ends is poorly understood. Here we report that two genetically and mechanistically distinct pathways generate piRNA 3' ends in Drosophila. The initiating nucleases are either Zucchini or the PIWI-clade proteins Aubergine (Aub) or Ago3. While Zucchini-mediated cleavages directly define mature piRNA 3' ends, Aub/Ago3-mediated cleavages liberate pre-piRNAs that require extensive resection by the 3'-to-5' exoribonuclease Nibbler (Drosophila homologue of Mut-7). The relative activity of these two pathways dictates the extent to which piRNAs are directed to cytoplasmic or nuclear PIWI-clade proteins and thereby sets the balance between post-transcriptional and transcriptional silencing. Notably, loss of both Zucchini and Nibbler reveals a minimal, Argonaute-driven small RNA biogenesis pathway in which piRNA 5' and 3' ends are directly produced by closely spaced Aub/Ago3-mediated cleavage events. Our data reveal a coherent model for piRNA biogenesis, and should aid the mechanistic dissection of the processes that govern piRNA 3'-end formation.</AbstractText>
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Genetic and mechanistic diversity of piRNA 3'-end formation.

Genetic and mechanistic diversity of piRNA 3'-end formation.

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