Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus and bat coronavirus HKU9 both can utilize GRP78 for attachment onto host cells.
Identifieur interne : 000873 ( PubMed/Corpus ); précédent : 000872; suivant : 000874Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus and bat coronavirus HKU9 both can utilize GRP78 for attachment onto host cells.
Auteurs : Hin Chu ; Che-Man Chan ; Xi Zhang ; Yixin Wang ; Shuofeng Yuan ; Jie Zhou ; Rex Kwok-Him Au-Yeung ; Kong-Hung Sze ; Dong Yang ; Huiping Shuai ; Yuxin Hou ; Cun Li ; Xiaoyu Zhao ; Vincent Kwok-Man Poon ; Sze Pui Leung ; Man-Lung Yeung ; Jinghua Yan ; Guangwen Lu ; Dong-Yan Jin ; George Fu Gao ; Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan ; Kwok-Yung YuenSource :
- The Journal of biological chemistry [ 1083-351X ] ; 2018.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Animals, Betacoronavirus (physiology), Cell Line, Chlorocebus aethiops, Coronavirus (physiology), Coronavirus Infections (metabolism), Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 (metabolism), Heat-Shock Proteins (metabolism), Host-Pathogen Interactions, Humans, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (physiology), Protein Interaction Maps, Receptors, Virus (metabolism), Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus (metabolism), Vero Cells, Virus Attachment.
- MESH :
- chemical , metabolism : Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4, Heat-Shock Proteins, Receptors, Virus, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus.
- metabolism : Coronavirus Infections.
- physiology : Betacoronavirus, Coronavirus, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus.
- Animals, Cell Line, Chlorocebus aethiops, Host-Pathogen Interactions, Humans, Protein Interaction Maps, Vero Cells, Virus Attachment.
Abstract
Coronavirus tropism is predominantly determined by the interaction between coronavirus spikes and the host receptors. In this regard, coronaviruses have evolved a complicated receptor-recognition system through their spike proteins. Spikes from highly related coronaviruses can recognize distinct receptors, whereas spikes of distant coronaviruses can employ the same cell-surface molecule for entry. Moreover, coronavirus spikes can recognize a broad range of cell-surface molecules in addition to the receptors and thereby can augment coronavirus attachment or entry. The receptor of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4). In this study, we identified membrane-associated 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78) as an additional binding target of the MERS-CoV spike. Further analyses indicated that GRP78 could not independently render nonpermissive cells susceptible to MERS-CoV infection but could facilitate MERS-CoV entry into permissive cells by augmenting virus attachment. More importantly, by exploring potential interactions between GRP78 and spikes of other coronaviruses, we discovered that the highly conserved human GRP78 could interact with the spike protein of bat coronavirus HKU9 (bCoV-HKU9) and facilitate its attachment to the host cell surface. Taken together, our study has identified GRP78 as a host factor that can interact with the spike proteins of two Betacoronaviruses, the lineage C MERS-CoV and the lineage D bCoV-HKU9. The capacity of GRP78 to facilitate surface attachment of both a human coronavirus and a phylogenetically related bat coronavirus exemplifies the need for continuous surveillance of the evolution of animal coronaviruses to monitor their potential for human adaptations.
DOI: 10.1074/jbc.RA118.001897
PubMed: 29887526
Links to Exploration step
pubmed:29887526Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus and bat coronavirus HKU9 both can utilize GRP78 for attachment onto host cells.</title><author><name sortKey="Chu, Hin" sort="Chu, Hin" uniqKey="Chu H" first="Hin" last="Chu">Hin Chu</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chan, Che Man" sort="Chan, Che Man" uniqKey="Chan C" first="Che-Man" last="Chan">Che-Man Chan</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Xi" sort="Zhang, Xi" uniqKey="Zhang X" first="Xi" last="Zhang">Xi Zhang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Departments of Microbiology and.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Yixin" sort="Wang, Yixin" uniqKey="Wang Y" first="Yixin" last="Wang">Yixin Wang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Departments of Microbiology and.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yuan, Shuofeng" sort="Yuan, Shuofeng" uniqKey="Yuan S" first="Shuofeng" last="Yuan">Shuofeng Yuan</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Departments of Microbiology and.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhou, Jie" sort="Zhou, Jie" uniqKey="Zhou J" first="Jie" last="Zhou">Jie Zhou</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Au Yeung, Rex Kwok Him" sort="Au Yeung, Rex Kwok Him" uniqKey="Au Yeung R" first="Rex Kwok-Him" last="Au-Yeung">Rex Kwok-Him Au-Yeung</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Pathology.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sze, Kong Hung" sort="Sze, Kong Hung" uniqKey="Sze K" first="Kong-Hung" last="Sze">Kong-Hung Sze</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yang, Dong" sort="Yang, Dong" uniqKey="Yang D" first="Dong" last="Yang">Dong Yang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Departments of Microbiology and.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shuai, Huiping" sort="Shuai, Huiping" uniqKey="Shuai H" first="Huiping" last="Shuai">Huiping Shuai</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Departments of Microbiology and.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hou, Yuxin" sort="Hou, Yuxin" uniqKey="Hou Y" first="Yuxin" last="Hou">Yuxin Hou</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Departments of Microbiology and.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Cun" sort="Li, Cun" uniqKey="Li C" first="Cun" last="Li">Cun Li</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Departments of Microbiology and.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhao, Xiaoyu" sort="Zhao, Xiaoyu" uniqKey="Zhao X" first="Xiaoyu" last="Zhao">Xiaoyu Zhao</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Departments of Microbiology and.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Poon, Vincent Kwok Man" sort="Poon, Vincent Kwok Man" uniqKey="Poon V" first="Vincent Kwok-Man" last="Poon">Vincent Kwok-Man Poon</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Departments of Microbiology and.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Leung, Sze Pui" sort="Leung, Sze Pui" uniqKey="Leung S" first="Sze Pui" last="Leung">Sze Pui Leung</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Departments of Microbiology and.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yeung, Man Lung" sort="Yeung, Man Lung" uniqKey="Yeung M" first="Man-Lung" last="Yeung">Man-Lung Yeung</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yan, Jinghua" sort="Yan, Jinghua" uniqKey="Yan J" first="Jinghua" last="Yan">Jinghua Yan</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>the CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lu, Guangwen" sort="Lu, Guangwen" uniqKey="Lu G" first="Guangwen" last="Lu">Guangwen Lu</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>the West China Hospital Emergency Department, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, and.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jin, Dong Yan" sort="Jin, Dong Yan" uniqKey="Jin D" first="Dong-Yan" last="Jin">Dong-Yan Jin</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>School of Biomedical Sciences, and.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gao, George Fu" sort="Gao, George Fu" uniqKey="Gao G" first="George Fu" last="Gao">George Fu Gao</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>the CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chan, Jasper Fuk Woo" sort="Chan, Jasper Fuk Woo" uniqKey="Chan J" first="Jasper Fuk-Woo" last="Chan">Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, jfwchan@hku.hk.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yuen, Kwok Yung" sort="Yuen, Kwok Yung" uniqKey="Yuen K" first="Kwok-Yung" last="Yuen">Kwok-Yung Yuen</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, kyyuen@hku.hk.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2018">2018</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:29887526</idno><idno type="pmid">29887526</idno><idno type="doi">10.1074/jbc.RA118.001897</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000873</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000873</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus and bat coronavirus HKU9 both can utilize GRP78 for attachment onto host cells.</title><author><name sortKey="Chu, Hin" sort="Chu, Hin" uniqKey="Chu H" first="Hin" last="Chu">Hin Chu</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chan, Che Man" sort="Chan, Che Man" uniqKey="Chan C" first="Che-Man" last="Chan">Che-Man Chan</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Xi" sort="Zhang, Xi" uniqKey="Zhang X" first="Xi" last="Zhang">Xi Zhang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Departments of Microbiology and.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Yixin" sort="Wang, Yixin" uniqKey="Wang Y" first="Yixin" last="Wang">Yixin Wang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Departments of Microbiology and.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yuan, Shuofeng" sort="Yuan, Shuofeng" uniqKey="Yuan S" first="Shuofeng" last="Yuan">Shuofeng Yuan</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Departments of Microbiology and.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhou, Jie" sort="Zhou, Jie" uniqKey="Zhou J" first="Jie" last="Zhou">Jie Zhou</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Au Yeung, Rex Kwok Him" sort="Au Yeung, Rex Kwok Him" uniqKey="Au Yeung R" first="Rex Kwok-Him" last="Au-Yeung">Rex Kwok-Him Au-Yeung</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Pathology.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sze, Kong Hung" sort="Sze, Kong Hung" uniqKey="Sze K" first="Kong-Hung" last="Sze">Kong-Hung Sze</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yang, Dong" sort="Yang, Dong" uniqKey="Yang D" first="Dong" last="Yang">Dong Yang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Departments of Microbiology and.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shuai, Huiping" sort="Shuai, Huiping" uniqKey="Shuai H" first="Huiping" last="Shuai">Huiping Shuai</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Departments of Microbiology and.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hou, Yuxin" sort="Hou, Yuxin" uniqKey="Hou Y" first="Yuxin" last="Hou">Yuxin Hou</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Departments of Microbiology and.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Cun" sort="Li, Cun" uniqKey="Li C" first="Cun" last="Li">Cun Li</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Departments of Microbiology and.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhao, Xiaoyu" sort="Zhao, Xiaoyu" uniqKey="Zhao X" first="Xiaoyu" last="Zhao">Xiaoyu Zhao</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Departments of Microbiology and.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Poon, Vincent Kwok Man" sort="Poon, Vincent Kwok Man" uniqKey="Poon V" first="Vincent Kwok-Man" last="Poon">Vincent Kwok-Man Poon</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Departments of Microbiology and.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Leung, Sze Pui" sort="Leung, Sze Pui" uniqKey="Leung S" first="Sze Pui" last="Leung">Sze Pui Leung</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Departments of Microbiology and.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yeung, Man Lung" sort="Yeung, Man Lung" uniqKey="Yeung M" first="Man-Lung" last="Yeung">Man-Lung Yeung</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yan, Jinghua" sort="Yan, Jinghua" uniqKey="Yan J" first="Jinghua" last="Yan">Jinghua Yan</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>the CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lu, Guangwen" sort="Lu, Guangwen" uniqKey="Lu G" first="Guangwen" last="Lu">Guangwen Lu</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>the West China Hospital Emergency Department, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, and.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jin, Dong Yan" sort="Jin, Dong Yan" uniqKey="Jin D" first="Dong-Yan" last="Jin">Dong-Yan Jin</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>School of Biomedical Sciences, and.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gao, George Fu" sort="Gao, George Fu" uniqKey="Gao G" first="George Fu" last="Gao">George Fu Gao</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>the CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chan, Jasper Fuk Woo" sort="Chan, Jasper Fuk Woo" uniqKey="Chan J" first="Jasper Fuk-Woo" last="Chan">Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, jfwchan@hku.hk.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yuen, Kwok Yung" sort="Yuen, Kwok Yung" uniqKey="Yuen K" first="Kwok-Yung" last="Yuen">Kwok-Yung Yuen</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, kyyuen@hku.hk.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">The Journal of biological chemistry</title><idno type="eISSN">1083-351X</idno><imprint><date when="2018" type="published">2018</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term><term>Betacoronavirus (physiology)</term><term>Cell Line</term><term>Chlorocebus aethiops</term><term>Coronavirus (physiology)</term><term>Coronavirus Infections (metabolism)</term><term>Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 (metabolism)</term><term>Heat-Shock Proteins (metabolism)</term><term>Host-Pathogen Interactions</term><term>Humans</term><term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (physiology)</term><term>Protein Interaction Maps</term><term>Receptors, Virus (metabolism)</term><term>Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus (metabolism)</term><term>Vero Cells</term><term>Virus Attachment</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en"><term>Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4</term><term>Heat-Shock Proteins</term><term>Receptors, Virus</term><term>Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus Infections</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Betacoronavirus</term><term>Coronavirus</term><term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term><term>Cell Line</term><term>Chlorocebus aethiops</term><term>Host-Pathogen Interactions</term><term>Humans</term><term>Protein Interaction Maps</term><term>Vero Cells</term><term>Virus Attachment</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Coronavirus tropism is predominantly determined by the interaction between coronavirus spikes and the host receptors. In this regard, coronaviruses have evolved a complicated receptor-recognition system through their spike proteins. Spikes from highly related coronaviruses can recognize distinct receptors, whereas spikes of distant coronaviruses can employ the same cell-surface molecule for entry. Moreover, coronavirus spikes can recognize a broad range of cell-surface molecules in addition to the receptors and thereby can augment coronavirus attachment or entry. The receptor of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4). In this study, we identified membrane-associated 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78) as an additional binding target of the MERS-CoV spike. Further analyses indicated that GRP78 could not independently render nonpermissive cells susceptible to MERS-CoV infection but could facilitate MERS-CoV entry into permissive cells by augmenting virus attachment. More importantly, by exploring potential interactions between GRP78 and spikes of other coronaviruses, we discovered that the highly conserved human GRP78 could interact with the spike protein of bat coronavirus HKU9 (bCoV-HKU9) and facilitate its attachment to the host cell surface. Taken together, our study has identified GRP78 as a host factor that can interact with the spike proteins of two <i>Betacoronaviruses</i>, the lineage C MERS-CoV and the lineage D bCoV-HKU9. The capacity of GRP78 to facilitate surface attachment of both a human coronavirus and a phylogenetically related bat coronavirus exemplifies the need for continuous surveillance of the evolution of animal coronaviruses to monitor their potential for human adaptations.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">29887526</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2019</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>13</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2020</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>28</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1083-351X</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>293</Volume><Issue>30</Issue><PubDate><Year>2018</Year><Month>07</Month><Day>27</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>The Journal of biological chemistry</Title><ISOAbbreviation>J. Biol. Chem.</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus and bat coronavirus HKU9 both can utilize GRP78 for attachment onto host cells.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>11709-11726</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1074/jbc.RA118.001897</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Coronavirus tropism is predominantly determined by the interaction between coronavirus spikes and the host receptors. In this regard, coronaviruses have evolved a complicated receptor-recognition system through their spike proteins. Spikes from highly related coronaviruses can recognize distinct receptors, whereas spikes of distant coronaviruses can employ the same cell-surface molecule for entry. Moreover, coronavirus spikes can recognize a broad range of cell-surface molecules in addition to the receptors and thereby can augment coronavirus attachment or entry. The receptor of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4). In this study, we identified membrane-associated 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78) as an additional binding target of the MERS-CoV spike. Further analyses indicated that GRP78 could not independently render nonpermissive cells susceptible to MERS-CoV infection but could facilitate MERS-CoV entry into permissive cells by augmenting virus attachment. More importantly, by exploring potential interactions between GRP78 and spikes of other coronaviruses, we discovered that the highly conserved human GRP78 could interact with the spike protein of bat coronavirus HKU9 (bCoV-HKU9) and facilitate its attachment to the host cell surface. Taken together, our study has identified GRP78 as a host factor that can interact with the spike proteins of two <i>Betacoronaviruses</i>, the lineage C MERS-CoV and the lineage D bCoV-HKU9. The capacity of GRP78 to facilitate surface attachment of both a human coronavirus and a phylogenetically related bat coronavirus exemplifies the need for continuous surveillance of the evolution of animal coronaviruses to monitor their potential for human adaptations.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>© 2018 Chu et al.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chu</LastName><ForeName>Hin</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>From the State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Departments of Microbiology and.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chan</LastName><ForeName>Che-Man</ForeName><Initials>CM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>From the State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Departments of Microbiology and.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhang</LastName><ForeName>Xi</ForeName><Initials>X</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Departments of Microbiology and.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wang</LastName><ForeName>Yixin</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Departments of Microbiology and.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Yuan</LastName><ForeName>Shuofeng</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Departments of Microbiology and.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhou</LastName><ForeName>Jie</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>From the State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Departments of Microbiology and.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Au-Yeung</LastName><ForeName>Rex Kwok-Him</ForeName><Initials>RK</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Pathology.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sze</LastName><ForeName>Kong-Hung</ForeName><Initials>KH</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>From the State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Departments of Microbiology and.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Yang</LastName><ForeName>Dong</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Departments of Microbiology and.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Shuai</LastName><ForeName>Huiping</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Departments of Microbiology and.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hou</LastName><ForeName>Yuxin</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Departments of Microbiology and.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Li</LastName><ForeName>Cun</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Departments of Microbiology and.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhao</LastName><ForeName>Xiaoyu</ForeName><Initials>X</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Departments of Microbiology and.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Poon</LastName><ForeName>Vincent Kwok-Man</ForeName><Initials>VK</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Departments of Microbiology and.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Leung</LastName><ForeName>Sze Pui</ForeName><Initials>SP</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Departments of Microbiology and.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Yeung</LastName><ForeName>Man-Lung</ForeName><Initials>ML</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>From the State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Departments of Microbiology and.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Research Centre of Infection and Immunology.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Carol Yu Centre for Infection.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Yan</LastName><ForeName>Jinghua</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>the CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lu</LastName><ForeName>Guangwen</ForeName><Initials>G</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>the West China Hospital Emergency Department, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, and.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jin</LastName><ForeName>Dong-Yan</ForeName><Initials>DY</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>School of Biomedical Sciences, and.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gao</LastName><ForeName>George Fu</ForeName><Initials>GF</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>the CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>the National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Beijing 102206, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chan</LastName><ForeName>Jasper Fuk-Woo</ForeName><Initials>JF</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>From the State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, jfwchan@hku.hk.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Departments of Microbiology and.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Research Centre of Infection and Immunology.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Carol Yu Centre for Infection.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Yuen</LastName><ForeName>Kwok-Yung</ForeName><Initials>KY</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>From the State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, kyyuen@hku.hk.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Departments of Microbiology and.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Research Centre of Infection and Immunology.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Carol Yu Centre for Infection.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2018</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>10</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>J Biol Chem</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>2985121R</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0021-9258</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D006360">Heat-Shock 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