Subunit Vaccines Against Emerging Pathogenic Human Coronaviruses.
Identifieur interne : 000071 ( PubMed/Corpus ); précédent : 000070; suivant : 000072Subunit Vaccines Against Emerging Pathogenic Human Coronaviruses.
Auteurs : Ning Wang ; Jian Shang ; Shibo Jiang ; Lanying DuSource :
- Frontiers in microbiology [ 1664-302X ] ; 2020.
Abstract
Seven coronaviruses (CoVs) have been isolated from humans so far. Among them, three emerging pathogenic CoVs, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and a newly identified CoV (2019-nCoV), once caused or continue to cause severe infections in humans, posing significant threats to global public health. SARS-CoV infection in humans (with about 10% case fatality rate) was first reported from China in 2002, while MERS-CoV infection in humans (with about 34.4% case fatality rate) was first reported from Saudi Arabia in June 2012. 2019-nCoV was first reported from China in December 2019, and is currently infecting more than 70000 people (with about 2.7% case fatality rate). Both SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV are zoonotic viruses, using bats as their natural reservoirs, and then transmitting through intermediate hosts, leading to human infections. Nevertheless, the intermediate host for 2019-nCoV is still under investigation and the vaccines against this new CoV have not been available. Although a variety of vaccines have been developed against infections of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, none of them has been approved for use in humans. In this review, we have described the structure and function of key proteins of emerging human CoVs, overviewed the current vaccine types to be developed against SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, and summarized recent advances in subunit vaccines against these two pathogenic human CoVs. These subunit vaccines are introduced on the basis of full-length spike (S) protein, receptor-binding domain (RBD), non-RBD S protein fragments, and non-S structural proteins, and the potential factors affecting these subunit vaccines are also illustrated. Overall, this review will be helpful for rapid design and development of vaccines against the new 2019-nCoV and any future CoVs with pandemic potential. This review was written for the topic of Antivirals for Emerging Viruses: Vaccines and Therapeutics in the Virology section of Frontiers in Microbiology.
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00298
PubMed: 32265848
Links to Exploration step
pubmed:32265848Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Subunit Vaccines Against Emerging Pathogenic Human Coronaviruses.</title><author><name sortKey="Wang, Ning" sort="Wang, Ning" uniqKey="Wang N" first="Ning" last="Wang">Ning Wang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, New York, NY, United States.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shang, Jian" sort="Shang, Jian" uniqKey="Shang J" first="Jian" last="Shang">Jian Shang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jiang, Shibo" sort="Jiang, Shibo" uniqKey="Jiang S" first="Shibo" last="Jiang">Shibo Jiang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, New York, NY, United States.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Du, Lanying" sort="Du, Lanying" uniqKey="Du L" first="Lanying" last="Du">Lanying Du</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, New York, NY, United States.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2020">2020</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:32265848</idno><idno type="pmid">32265848</idno><idno type="doi">10.3389/fmicb.2020.00298</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000071</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000071</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Subunit Vaccines Against Emerging Pathogenic Human Coronaviruses.</title><author><name sortKey="Wang, Ning" sort="Wang, Ning" uniqKey="Wang N" first="Ning" last="Wang">Ning Wang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, New York, NY, United States.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shang, Jian" sort="Shang, Jian" uniqKey="Shang J" first="Jian" last="Shang">Jian Shang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jiang, Shibo" sort="Jiang, Shibo" uniqKey="Jiang S" first="Shibo" last="Jiang">Shibo Jiang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, New York, NY, United States.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Du, Lanying" sort="Du, Lanying" uniqKey="Du L" first="Lanying" last="Du">Lanying Du</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, New York, NY, United States.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Frontiers in microbiology</title><idno type="ISSN">1664-302X</idno><imprint><date when="2020" type="published">2020</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Seven coronaviruses (CoVs) have been isolated from humans so far. Among them, three emerging pathogenic CoVs, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and a newly identified CoV (2019-nCoV), once caused or continue to cause severe infections in humans, posing significant threats to global public health. SARS-CoV infection in humans (with about 10% case fatality rate) was first reported from China in 2002, while MERS-CoV infection in humans (with about 34.4% case fatality rate) was first reported from Saudi Arabia in June 2012. 2019-nCoV was first reported from China in December 2019, and is currently infecting more than 70000 people (with about 2.7% case fatality rate). Both SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV are zoonotic viruses, using bats as their natural reservoirs, and then transmitting through intermediate hosts, leading to human infections. Nevertheless, the intermediate host for 2019-nCoV is still under investigation and the vaccines against this new CoV have not been available. Although a variety of vaccines have been developed against infections of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, none of them has been approved for use in humans. In this review, we have described the structure and function of key proteins of emerging human CoVs, overviewed the current vaccine types to be developed against SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, and summarized recent advances in subunit vaccines against these two pathogenic human CoVs. These subunit vaccines are introduced on the basis of full-length spike (S) protein, receptor-binding domain (RBD), non-RBD S protein fragments, and non-S structural proteins, and the potential factors affecting these subunit vaccines are also illustrated. Overall, this review will be helpful for rapid design and development of vaccines against the new 2019-nCoV and any future CoVs with pandemic potential. This review was written for the topic of <i>Antivirals for Emerging Viruses: Vaccines and Therapeutics</i> in the <i>Virology</i> section of <i>Frontiers in Microbiology</i>.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="PubMed-not-MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">32265848</PMID><DateRevised><Year>2020</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>10</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic-eCollection"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Print">1664-302X</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Print"><Volume>11</Volume><PubDate><Year>2020</Year></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Frontiers in microbiology</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Front Microbiol</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Subunit Vaccines Against Emerging Pathogenic Human Coronaviruses.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>298</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.3389/fmicb.2020.00298</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Seven coronaviruses (CoVs) have been isolated from humans so far. Among them, three emerging pathogenic CoVs, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and a newly identified CoV (2019-nCoV), once caused or continue to cause severe infections in humans, posing significant threats to global public health. SARS-CoV infection in humans (with about 10% case fatality rate) was first reported from China in 2002, while MERS-CoV infection in humans (with about 34.4% case fatality rate) was first reported from Saudi Arabia in June 2012. 2019-nCoV was first reported from China in December 2019, and is currently infecting more than 70000 people (with about 2.7% case fatality rate). Both SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV are zoonotic viruses, using bats as their natural reservoirs, and then transmitting through intermediate hosts, leading to human infections. Nevertheless, the intermediate host for 2019-nCoV is still under investigation and the vaccines against this new CoV have not been available. Although a variety of vaccines have been developed against infections of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, none of them has been approved for use in humans. In this review, we have described the structure and function of key proteins of emerging human CoVs, overviewed the current vaccine types to be developed against SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, and summarized recent advances in subunit vaccines against these two pathogenic human CoVs. These subunit vaccines are introduced on the basis of full-length spike (S) protein, receptor-binding domain (RBD), non-RBD S protein fragments, and non-S structural proteins, and the potential factors affecting these subunit vaccines are also illustrated. Overall, this review will be helpful for rapid design and development of vaccines against the new 2019-nCoV and any future CoVs with pandemic potential. This review was written for the topic of <i>Antivirals for Emerging Viruses: Vaccines and Therapeutics</i> in the <i>Virology</i> section of <i>Frontiers in Microbiology</i>.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2020 Wang, Shang, Jiang and Du.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wang</LastName><ForeName>Ning</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, New York, NY, United States.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Shang</LastName><ForeName>Jian</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jiang</LastName><ForeName>Shibo</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, New York, NY, United States.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Du</LastName><ForeName>Lanying</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, New York, NY, United States.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><GrantList CompleteYN="Y"><Grant><GrantID>R01 AI137472</GrantID><Acronym>AI</Acronym><Agency>NIAID NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>R01 AI139092</GrantID><Acronym>AI</Acronym><Agency>NIAID NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant></GrantList><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016454">Review</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2020</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>28</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Switzerland</Country><MedlineTA>Front Microbiol</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101548977</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1664-302X</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">2019-nCoV</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">MERS-CoV</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">SARS-CoV</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">human coronaviruses</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">pathogenesis</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">subunit vaccines</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2019</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>28</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2020</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>10</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2020</Year><Month>4</Month><Day>9</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2020</Year><Month>4</Month><Day>9</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2020</Year><Month>4</Month><Day>9</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>1</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>epublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">32265848</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.3389/fmicb.2020.00298</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC7105881</ArticleId></ArticleIdList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Hong Kong Med J. 2012 Feb;18 Suppl 2:31-6</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">22311359</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Lancet. 2003 May 24;361(9371):1773-8</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">12781536</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>J Clin Virol. 2018 Apr;101:52-56</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">29427907</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Lancet Infect Dis. 2013 Oct;13(10):859-66</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">23933067</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>J Infect Dis. 1969 Mar;119(3):282-90</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">4976345</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Antiviral Res. 2014 Sep;109:97-109</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">24995382</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Virus Res. 2005 Sep;112(1-2):24-31</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">16022898</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Clin Infect Dis. 2005 Jun 15;40(12):1721-9</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">15909257</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Emerg Infect Dis. 2006 May;12(5):775-9</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">16704837</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Nature. 2020 Mar;579(7798):270-273</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">32015507</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2017 Aug 29;114(35):E7348-E7357</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">28807998</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Emerg Infect Dis. 2005 Jul;11(7):1016-20</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">16022774</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Viral Immunol. 2010 Apr;23(2):211-9</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">20374001</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>N Engl J Med. 2003 May 15;348(20):1953-66</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">12690092</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Virol Sin. 2012 Jun;27(3):145-53</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">22684468</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2018 Feb 1;14(2):304-313</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">29048984</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>J Infect Dis. 2018 Jun 20;218(2):197-207</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">29346682</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Lancet. 2004 Jun 26;363(9427):2122-7</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">15220033</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>J Biol Chem. 2015 Aug 7;290(32):19403-22</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">26055715</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Vaccine. 2014 Apr 11;32(18):2100-8</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">24560617</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Nat Commun. 2014;5:3067</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">24473083</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Emerg Microbes Infect. 2020 Dec;9(1):275-277</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">32005086</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>PLoS One. 2013 Dec 04;8(12):e81587</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">24324708</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>J Virol. 2015 Jul;89(14):7202-13</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25926653</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2004 Mar 19;315(4):1134-9</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">14985131</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Vaccine. 2007 Jan 2;25(1):136-43</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">16919855</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Virus Res. 2014 Dec 19;194:124-37</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25093995</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Vaccine. 2007 Jan 8;25(4):729-40</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">17049691</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Microbes Infect. 2005 May;7(5-6):882-9</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">15878679</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>J Mol Biol. 2003 Aug 29;331(5):991-1004</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">12927536</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Drugs Today (Barc). 2008 Jan;44(1):63-73</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">18301805</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>J Virol. 2012 Apr;86(7):3995-4008</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">22278237</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2008 May;61(1):40-8</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">18191362</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>J Virol. 2008 Jul;82(14):6984-91</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">18448527</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Nature. 2013 Aug 8;500(7461):227-31</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">23831647</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2015;15(11):1647-51</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">26414077</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>J Virol. 2000 Oct;74(19):8913-21</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">10982334</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Vaccine. 2009 Aug 6;27(36):5001-7</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">19523911</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Vaccine. 2018 Mar 27;36(14):1853-1862</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">29496347</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Oncotarget. 2017 Feb 21;8(8):12686-12694</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">27050368</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>J Clin Microbiol. 2006 Jun;44(6):2063-71</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">16757599</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Apr 20;101(16):6212-6</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">15073334</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Microb Ecol. 2015 Oct;70(3):785-94</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25947097</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>J Clin Microbiol. 2005 Aug;43(8):3718-26</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">16081901</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Jpn J Infect Dis. 2015;68(2):138-41</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25420656</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>J Virol. 2016 Dec 16;91(1):</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">27795425</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Virol Sin. 2018 Apr;33(2):201-204</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">29541941</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2008 Feb;27(2):100-5</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">18174876</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>J Biol Chem. 2014 Dec 12;289(50):34667-82</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25320088</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>N Engl J Med. 2012 Nov 8;367(19):1814-20</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">23075143</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Annu Rev Virol. 2016 Sep 29;3(1):237-261</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">27578435</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Nat Rev Microbiol. 2009 Mar;7(3):226-36</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">19198616</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>J Biol Chem. 2004 Jan 30;279(5):3197-201</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">14670965</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>J Virol Methods. 2007 Feb;139(2):175-80</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">17079026</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Nature. 2003 Nov 27;426(6965):450-4</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">14647384</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>PLoS Pathog. 2017 Nov 30;13(11):e1006698</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">29190287</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Nat Commun. 2015 Jul 28;6:7712</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">26218507</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>J Virol. 2013 Sep;87(17):9939-42</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">23824801</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Viruses. 2009 Jun;1(1):57-71</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">21994538</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2017 Oct 3;114(40):E8508-E8517</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">28923942</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Viruses. 2019 Mar 02;11(3):</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">30832356</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Emerg Infect Dis. 2004 Dec;10(12):2244-8</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">15663874</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>J Virol. 2015 Feb;89(4):1954-64</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25428871</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>J Clin Virol. 2007 Mar;38(3):244-50</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">17222582</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Viral Immunol. 2013 Apr;26(2):126-32</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">23573979</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>J Infect Dis. 2002 May 1;185(9):1338-41</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">12001053</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2019 Jun;26(6):481-489</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">31160783</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>J Infect. 2013 May;66(5):464-6</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">23266463</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Nature. 2013 Nov 28;503(7477):535-8</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">24172901</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Cell Mol Immunol. 2016 Mar;13(2):180-90</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25640653</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>N Engl J Med. 2003 May 15;348(20):1967-76</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">12690091</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>DNA Cell Biol. 2005 Aug;24(8):510-5</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">16101349</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Viruses. 2019 Jul 19;11(7):</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">31331035</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 May 31;102(22):7988-93</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">15897467</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Jun 29;101(26):9804-9</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">15210961</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Adv Exp Med Biol. 2014;807:75-96</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">24619619</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014 Aug 26;111(34):12516-21</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25114257</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>EMBO J. 2005 Apr 20;24(8):1634-43</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">15791205</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Expert Rev Vaccines. 2016 Sep;15(9):1123-34</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">26985862</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>J Virol. 2006 Jun;80(12):5757-67</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">16731915</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Viral Immunol. 2014 Dec;27(10):543-50</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25387086</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>PLoS One. 2012;7(11):e50366</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">23185609</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Nature. 2013 Mar 14;495(7440):251-4</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">23486063</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Vet J. 2014 Aug;201(2):123-32</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">24837550</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>J Vet Med Sci. 1992 Apr;54(2):313-8</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">1318752</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Vaccine. 2017 Jan 3;35(1):10-18</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">27899228</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>J Virol. 2013 Oct;87(19):10777-83</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">23903833</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2014;10(3):648-58</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">24355931</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Expert Rev Vaccines. 2012 Dec;11(12):1405-13</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">23252385</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Viruses. 2013 Oct 31;5(11):2679-89</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">24184965</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2017 Jul 3;13(7):1615-1624</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">28277821</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>J Virol. 2006 Sep;80(17):8639-52</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">16912312</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Adv Virus Res. 2016;96:59-126</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">27712628</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2015;11(5):1244-50</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25874632</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2019 Feb 12;116(7):2681-2690</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">30679277</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2008 Dec;15(12):1805-10</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">18945884</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>J Virol. 2013 Mar;87(6):3097-107</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">23283955</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>J Virol. 2013 Aug;87(16):9379-83</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">23785207</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Semin Immunopathol. 2017 Jul;39(5):529-539</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">28466096</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>mBio. 2017 Aug 22;8(4):</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">28830941</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Expert Opin Ther Targets. 2017 Feb;21(2):131-143</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">27936982</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>J Virol. 2014 Jan;88(2):1318-31</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">24227844</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Vaccine. 2007 Apr 12;25(15):2832-8</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">17092615</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Oct 1;110(40):16157-62</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">24043791</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1967 Dec;58(6):2268-73</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">4298953</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Virus Res. 2015 Apr 16;202:151-9</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25445336</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2004 Nov 12;324(2):773-81</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">15474494</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Emerg Infect Dis. 2013 Mar;19(3):456-9</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">23622767</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Expert Rev Vaccines. 2014 Jun;13(6):761-74</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">24766432</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>J Thorac Dis. 2013 Aug;5 Suppl 2:S142-8</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">23977435</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>mBio. 2012 Nov 20;3(6):</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">23170002</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Lancet. 2003 Oct 25;362(9393):1353-8</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">14585636</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>J Virol. 1967 Aug;1(4):810-6</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">4912236</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Vaccine. 2014 Oct 21;32(46):6170-6176</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25240756</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Viruses. 2019 Jan 14;11(1):</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">30646569</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Virology. 2009 Oct 10;393(1):144-50</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">19683779</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2009 Jul 10;384(4):486-90</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">19422787</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>J Immunol. 2006 May 15;176(10):6085-92</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">16670317</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Cell Res. 2013 Aug;23(8):986-93</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">23835475</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Nat Rev Microbiol. 2019 Mar;17(3):181-192</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">30531947</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>PLoS One. 2014 Nov 18;9(11):e112602</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25405618</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Virology. 2016 Dec;499:375-382</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">27750111</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Science. 2005 Sep 16;309(5742):1864-8</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">16166518</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>EBioMedicine. 2015 Aug 18;2(10):1438-46</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">26629538</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Nat Commun. 2017 May 23;8:15216</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">28534504</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Expert Rev Vaccines. 2018 Aug;17(8):677-686</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">30058403</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Nat Med. 2004 Apr;10(4):368-73</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">15034574</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>J Virol. 2005 Jan;79(2):884-95</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">15613317</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Apr 27;101(17):6641-6</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">15096611</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>J Virol. 2005 Feb;79(4):2001-9</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">15681402</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Clin Infect Dis. 2003 Apr 15;36(8):985-9</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">12684910</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Vaccine. 2006 Feb 20;24(8):1132-41</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">16194584</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2006 May 26;344(1):106-13</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">16615996</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Nat Commun. 2017 Apr 10;8:15092</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">28393837</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Hong Kong Med J. 2011 Dec;17 Suppl 6:26-30</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">22147356</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1966 Jan;121(1):190-3</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">4285768</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>J Infect. 2013 Oct;67(4):348-50</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">23685240</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>J Virol. 2009 Jan;83(2):908-17</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">18971277</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Science. 2003 May 30;300(5624):1394-9</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">12730500</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Chem Biol Drug Des. 2009 Jan;73(1):53-61</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">19152635</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Antiviral Res. 2014 Jan;101:45-56</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">24184128</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>N Engl J Med. 2014 Jun 26;370(26):2499-505</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">24896817</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>BMC Infect Dis. 2019 Apr 27;19(1):351</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">31029095</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Viruses. 2018 Dec 16;10(12):</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">30558354</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Nature. 2004 Apr 1;428(6982):561-4</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">15024391</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>mBio. 2015 Mar 10;6(2):e00064</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25759498</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>J Med Virol. 2006 Jul;78(7):938-49</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">16721849</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>J Immunol. 2005 Apr 15;174(8):4908-15</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">15814718</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Nat Commun. 2016 Nov 22;7:13473</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">27874853</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>J Clin Virol. 2007 Nov;40(3):207-13</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">17889596</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Science. 2016 Jan 1;351(6268):77-81</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">26678878</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Methods Mol Biol. 2015;1282:1-23</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25720466</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>J Virol. 2018 Jun 13;92(13):</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">29669833</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>J Med Virol. 2020 Apr;92(4):408-417</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">31944312</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Science. 2003 May 30;300(5624):1399-404</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">12730501</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Science. 2005 Oct 28;310(5748):676-9</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">16195424</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Arch Virol. 2018 Sep;163(9):2601-2631</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">29754305</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Viruses. 2020 Jan 22;12(2):</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">31979013</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>J Virol. 2004 Oct;78(20):11429-33</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">15452268</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Yonsei Med J. 2017 Jan;58(1):174-179</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">27873511</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Vaccine. 2006 Apr 12;24(16):3100-8</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">16494977</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Br Med J. 1965 Jun 5;1(5448):1467-70</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">14288084</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Sci Rep. 2017 Mar 23;7:44875</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">28332568</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference></ReferenceList></PubmedData></pubmed></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Sante/explor/MersV1/Data/PubMed/Corpus
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 000071 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/PubMed/Corpus/biblio.hfd -nk 000071 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Sante
|area= MersV1
|flux= PubMed
|étape= Corpus
|type= RBID
|clé= pubmed:32265848
|texte= Subunit Vaccines Against Emerging Pathogenic Human Coronaviruses.
}}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/PubMed/Corpus/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:32265848" \
| HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/PubMed/Corpus/biblio.hfd \
| NlmPubMed2Wicri -a MersV1
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.33. |  |