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Pathogenicity and Viral Shedding of MERS-CoV in Immunocompromised Rhesus Macaques.

Identifieur interne : 000814 ( PubMed/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000813; suivant : 000815

Pathogenicity and Viral Shedding of MERS-CoV in Immunocompromised Rhesus Macaques.

Auteurs : Joseph Prescott [États-Unis] ; Darryl Falzarano [États-Unis] ; Emmie De Wit [États-Unis] ; Kath Hardcastle [États-Unis] ; Friederike Feldmann [États-Unis] ; Elaine Haddock [États-Unis] ; Dana Scott [États-Unis] ; Heinz Feldmann [États-Unis] ; Vincent Jacobus Munster [États-Unis]

Source :

Frontiers in immunology [ 1664-3224 ] ; 2018.

RBID : pubmed:29483914

Descripteurs français

KwdFr :
- ARN viral (isolement et purification), Animaux, Cellules Vero, Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient (immunologie), Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient (isolement et purification), Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient (pathogénicité), Excrétion virale (immunologie), Femelle, Humains, Infections à coronavirus (immunologie), Infections à coronavirus (virologie), Macaca mulatta, Modèles animaux de maladie humaine, Poumon (immunologie), Poumon (virologie), Réplication virale (immunologie), Sujet immunodéprimé (immunologie).
MESH :
- immunologie : Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient, Excrétion virale, Infections à coronavirus, Poumon, Réplication virale, Sujet immunodéprimé.
- isolement et purification : ARN viral, Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient.
- pathogénicité : Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient.
- virologie : Infections à coronavirus, Poumon.
- Animaux, Cellules Vero, Femelle, Humains, Macaca mulatta, Modèles animaux de maladie humaine.

English descriptors

KwdEn :
- Animals, Chlorocebus aethiops, Coronavirus Infections (immunology), Coronavirus Infections (virology), Disease Models, Animal, Female, Host Microbial Interactions (immunology), Humans, Immunocompromised Host (immunology), Lung (immunology), Lung (virology), Macaca mulatta, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (immunology), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (isolation & purification), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (pathogenicity), RNA, Viral (isolation & purification), Vero Cells, Virus Replication (immunology), Virus Shedding (immunology).
MESH :
- chemical , isolation & purification : RNA, Viral.
- immunology : Coronavirus Infections, Host Microbial Interactions, Immunocompromised Host, Lung, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus, Virus Replication, Virus Shedding.
- isolation & purification : Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus.
- pathogenicity : Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus.
- virology : Coronavirus Infections, Lung.
- Animals, Chlorocebus aethiops, Disease Models, Animal, Female, Humans, Macaca mulatta, Vero Cells.

Abstract

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) has recently emerged in the Middle East. Since 2012, there have been approximately 2,100 confirmed cases, with a 35% case fatality rate. Disease severity has been linked to patient health status, as people with chronic diseases or an immunocompromised status fare worse, although the mechanisms of disease have yet to be elucidated. We used the rhesus macaque model of mild MERS to investigate whether the immune response plays a role in the pathogenicity in relation to MERS-CoV shedding. Immunosuppressed macaques were inoculated with MERS-CoV and sampled daily for 6 days to assess their immune statues and to measure viral shedding and replication. Immunosuppressed macaques supported significantly higher levels of MERS-CoV replication in respiratory tissues and shed more virus, and virus disseminated to tissues outside of the respiratory tract, whereas viral RNA was confined to respiratory tissues in non-immunosuppressed animals. Despite increased viral replication, pathology in the lungs was significantly lower in immunosuppressed animals. The observation that the virus was less pathogenic in these animals suggests that disease has an immunopathogenic component and shows that inflammatory responses elicited by the virus contribute to disease.

DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00205
PubMed: 29483914

Affiliations:

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Le document en format XML

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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) has recently emerged in the Middle East. Since 2012, there have been approximately 2,100 confirmed cases, with a 35% case fatality rate. Disease severity has been linked to patient health status, as people with chronic diseases or an immunocompromised status fare worse, although the mechanisms of disease have yet to be elucidated. We used the rhesus macaque model of mild MERS to investigate whether the immune response plays a role in the pathogenicity in relation to MERS-CoV shedding. Immunosuppressed macaques were inoculated with MERS-CoV and sampled daily for 6 days to assess their immune statues and to measure viral shedding and replication. Immunosuppressed macaques supported significantly higher levels of MERS-CoV replication in respiratory tissues and shed more virus, and virus disseminated to tissues outside of the respiratory tract, whereas viral RNA was confined to respiratory tissues in non-immunosuppressed animals. Despite increased viral replication, pathology in the lungs was significantly lower in immunosuppressed animals. The observation that the virus was less pathogenic in these animals suggests that disease has an immunopathogenic component and shows that inflammatory responses elicited by the virus contribute to disease.</div>
</front>
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<Abstract><AbstractText>Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) has recently emerged in the Middle East. Since 2012, there have been approximately 2,100 confirmed cases, with a 35% case fatality rate. Disease severity has been linked to patient health status, as people with chronic diseases or an immunocompromised status fare worse, although the mechanisms of disease have yet to be elucidated. We used the rhesus macaque model of mild MERS to investigate whether the immune response plays a role in the pathogenicity in relation to MERS-CoV shedding. Immunosuppressed macaques were inoculated with MERS-CoV and sampled daily for 6 days to assess their immune statues and to measure viral shedding and replication. Immunosuppressed macaques supported significantly higher levels of MERS-CoV replication in respiratory tissues and shed more virus, and virus disseminated to tissues outside of the respiratory tract, whereas viral RNA was confined to respiratory tissues in non-immunosuppressed animals. Despite increased viral replication, pathology in the lungs was significantly lower in immunosuppressed animals. The observation that the virus was less pathogenic in these animals suggests that disease has an immunopathogenic component and shows that inflammatory responses elicited by the virus contribute to disease.</AbstractText>
</Abstract>
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<ForeName>Darryl</ForeName>
<Initials>D</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, United States.</Affiliation>
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<Initials>E</Initials>
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Pathogenicity and Viral Shedding of MERS-CoV in Immunocompromised Rhesus Macaques.

Pathogenicity and Viral Shedding of MERS-CoV in Immunocompromised Rhesus Macaques.

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